8. figure: tariffs in the domestic market with international trade and a $20 tariff, revenues collected from the tariff are: a. $18,000. b. $54,000. c. $31,000. d. $13,000.

Closed shops are a type of workplace labor agreement that are today regarded as unlawful.

An example of a collective agreement would be if a trade union and company reached an agreement allowing all employees to seek flexible hours immediately after starting work rather than waiting 26 weeks.

Collective bargaining is the process through which employees negotiate contracts with their employers through their unions to establish their terms of employment, including compensation, benefits, working conditions, hours, leave, rules for workplace health and safety, how to manage work and family, and more.

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Answer:

i do not know what that says

Explanation:

Your handwriting is good but they way you write is kinda hard to understand homes

The standardization of marketing activities favors marketing thanks to the accomplishment of economics of scale. The answer is OPTION C.

A standardization plan implies that all of a company's marketing departments use the same campaigns and methods to achieve the same business objectives. This makes it easy for teams to collaborate and align their efforts across borders. Product adaptation refers to the firm's adaptation of the product to local markets.

It is the process of adapting items for different countries and regions, as well as developing new products for overseas markets. Product standardisation means that the company offers and advertises standardized products on a global scale. Product globalization makes it easy for the corporation to monitor, oversee, and coordinate any brand activity. The answer is OPTION C.

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In general, you would typically expect to see large negative Financing Cash Flows in the startup stage of a company.

Financing Cash Flows are one of the three major components of a company's cash flow statement, alongside Operating Cash Flows and Investing Cash Flows. Financing cash flows reflect the cash inflows and outflows that result from the company's financing activities, such as issuing debt or equity, repaying debt, paying dividends, or buying back shares. In general, you would typically expect to see large negative Financing Cash Flows in the startup stage of a company. This is because startups often require significant amounts of capital to get off the ground and may need to raise funds through external financing activities. For example, a startup may need to issue equity or take on debt to fund its operations, invest in product development, or hire employees. As a result, their financing cash flows may be negative as they take on this financing to support their operations and growth. In later stages such as the profitable/growing or mature/steady stages, companies may have established themselves in the market and may generate more cash flow from their operations, which can offset their financing cash flows. For example, a company may have strong revenue growth and profits, which can provide cash inflows that can be used to repay debt, pay dividends to shareholders, or buy back shares. In these stages, financing cash flows may still be negative, but they are more likely to be smaller than in the startup stage. In the decline stage, a company may have reduced financing needs as it may be focused on managing its existing operations and may not be investing in growth initiatives that require significant amounts of capital. For example, a company in the decline stage may have shrinking revenue and profits and may not be generating enough cash from its operations to cover its expenses. In this case, the company may need to raise funds through external financing activities to support its ongoing operations, but the amount of financing needed may be smaller than in the startup stage.

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(A) Developing relationships with outsourced employees is the LEAST probable purpose of diversity training. A learner must be motivated in order for training to really be effective and successful.

A straight piecework incentive program is a system whereby a employee is paid an amount for every product sold, with such a precise proportionality connecting outcomes and incentives irrespective of productivity.

The Needs Analysis is used to determine training objectives.

What exactly is indeed the ADDIE model?

Assess, Design, Develop, Implement, and Execute

What are SMART objectives?

Precise Measurable Attainable Realistic Time Based.

The unemployment income tax of such a business is determined by the firm's rate of worker dismissals. Compensation schemes ought to be supportive.

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Answer: in a fast moving high technology industry, patents may be almost irrelevant because technology is advancing so quickly

Not every new idea can be protected with a patent or a copy right

Explanation:

Because technology is developing so quickly, not every new idea can be protected by a patent or copyright in a high-tech company where things move quickly.

Patents honour and reward inventors for their successful commercial ideas. As a result, they motivate creators to develop fresh concepts. A small business or inventor with a patent is aware that there is a good chance they will make back the time, money, and effort they put into developing a technology.

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) are the institutional rules that encourage investment in research and development and hence enable innovation (R&D).

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In situations where it is relatively easy for rivals to readily duplicate the successful features of a company's strategy, the chief way for a company to achieve a durable competitive advantage over its rivals is to continuously innovate and adapt its strategy.

Do following things to achieve this:

1. Identify the company's unique selling points and core competencies.

2. Regularly monitor the market and competitors to stay informed about any changes or advancements.

3. Continuously invest in research and development to create new products or services that meet the evolving needs of customers.

4. Focus on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the company's operations to reduce costs and increase overall performance.

5. Strengthen the company's brand by offering exceptional customer service and building customer loyalty.

6. Encourage a culture of innovation within the company, which fosters creativity and idea generation.

7. Protect intellectual property by securing patents, copyrights, or trademarks to prevent rivals from copying the company's innovations.

8. Regularly reevaluate and adjust the company's strategy based on market trends and competitor activities to maintain a competitive edge.

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The balance in the allowance account after the write-offs but before any year-end adjusting entry is -$90. This means that allowance for uncollectible accounts has been overdrawn and hence implies negative balance.

At the beginning of the year, a company had an allowance for uncollectible accounts of $22,900. By the end of the year, actual bad debts totaled $24,900. The required balance of the allowance for uncollectible accounts after the write-offs (before any year-end adjusting entry) can be calculated as follows:

Balance in allowance for uncollectible accounts at the end of the year = Balance in allowance for uncollectible accounts at the beginning of the year + Amount charged to the allowance account - Amount written off as uncollectible during the year

Amount charged to the allowance account = Actual bad debts - Beginning balance in allowance account= $24,900 - $22,900= $2,000

Balance in allowance for uncollectible accounts at the end of the year = $22,900 + $2,000 - Amount written off as uncollectible during the year.

It is given that the amount of actual bad debts for the year is $24,900. This represents the amount that is written off as uncollectible.

The balance in the allowance account after the write-offs but before any year-end adjusting entry can be calculated as follows:

Balance in allowance for uncollectible accounts at the end of the year = $22,900 + $2,000 - $24,900= $-90

This implies that the allowance for uncollectible accounts has been overdrawn by $90.

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One of the most efficient ways for the government to encourage efficient energy use is to require higher fuel economy standards for new cars. Automobiles consume non-renewable fossil fuels, resulting in significant greenhouse gas emissions and environmental concerns.

Higher fuel economy standards would require new cars to be built with more efficient engines and transmissions, reducing the amount of fuel needed to power them. This would not only reduce the environmental impact of transportation but also save consumers money on fuel costs in the long run.

The other options listed in the question are not effective ways for the government to encourage efficient energy use. Limiting the development of public transportation systems would make it harder for people to switch to more sustainable modes of transportation. Implementing government subsidies to keep gasoline prices low would encourage people to continue using gasoline-powered vehicles, which are not efficient. Removing all taxes from gasoline at the fuel pump would further encourage the use of gasoline-powered vehicles, without providing any incentives to switch to more efficient modes of transportation.

Requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use.

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Based on the given information, the situation does not represent a contingent liability.

Warranty expenditures are the amount spent on the repair, replacement, or refund of goods sold or services rendered due to a breach of warranty. It is one of the possible contingent liabilities, and it is a typical cost of doing business for organizations that sell products or services with warranties. When warranty expenditures occur, businesses must report them as an expense in their financial statements. A contingent liability is a potential liability that may arise in the future.

According to the given problem, Computer Wholesalers expects warranty costs to be approximately 6% of sales. The company made $600,000 in sales in December, which means it expects to pay $36,000 in warranty expenditures in the future. However, actual warranty expenditures in January of the following year were $13,000. This means the actual warranty expenditures were lower than expected, and there is no possibility of a future obligation or liability. As a result, this scenario does not represent a contingent liability.

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An interest-only balloon mortgage loan is commonly referred to as a bullet loan. Thus, the correct answer is A. Bullet Loan.

A balloon loan is a type of loan that requires the borrower to repay the loan balance in one big lump sum after a set amount of time has passed. The borrower will typically make a fixed number of regular payments throughout the term of the loan before the final balloon payment is due. This makes these loans different from most other types of loans.

Balloon loans are often offered for a shorter duration of time than traditional loans, such as 5 or 7 years and may also have a lower interest rate than a traditional loan.. The borrower may be able to refinance the balloon loan to a regular loan before the balloon payment is due. This will allow the borrower to avoid the risk of defaulting on the balloon loan.

A bullet loan is a type of loan that requires the borrower to make payments for a set amount of time before making a final lump sum payment, similar to a balloon loan. The main difference is that the borrower will pay back the principal and interest during the term of the loan rather than only the interest.

This means that the loan is fully amortized during the term. Bullet loans are often used for short-term lending purposes, such as bridge loans or construction loans. An interest-only balloon mortgage loan is commonly referred to as a bullet loan. So, the correct option is a. bullet loan.

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If a company decides to use broad communities of people in its new product innovation process, it is most likely in the idea generation stage of the new product development process.

A new product development process is a sequence of stages that a company undergoes to conceptualize, develop, and bring a new product to market. The new product development process includes idea generation, idea screening, concept development and testing, business analysis, product development, market testing, and commercialization.

Idea generation is the first stage in the new product development process. It involves the generation of new product ideas. It involves searching for new ideas through internal and external sources, such as employees, suppliers, customers, competitors, and R&D teams.

Broad communities are large groups of individuals that represent a wide range of interests, experiences, and perspectives. Companies often use these communities to generate ideas for new products or services.

Broad communities provide companies with a vast pool of ideas that they can use to create new products or improve existing ones. Companies can leverage the diverse perspectives and experiences of broad communities to generate ideas that they may not have considered otherwise.

In conclusion, if a company decides to use broad communities of people in its new product innovation process, it is most likely in the idea generation stage of the new product development process.

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A surplus occurs whenever the quantity supplied is greater than the quantity demanded. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

In economics, the term surplus refers to a situation in which there is a surplus quantity of a commodity or service available in the market after all customers' demands are met at the prevailing market price. It happens when the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded.

It is an indication of inefficient allocation of resources, which could lead to financial losses for both producers and customers.

In the given question, you have to identify the scenario in which a surplus occurs. A surplus happens when the quantity supplied is greater than the quantity demanded. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

The other options can be explained as follows:

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To compute the effective interest rate, we must consider the compounding period, which in this case is monthly. As a result, we may apply the following formula.

Annual effective interest rate = (1 + (APR/n))n - 1 Where APR is the annual percentage rate and n represents the number of compounding periods each year. The APR in this situation is 21%, and the compounding period is monthly, thus n = 12. When we enter these values into the formula, we get: Annual effective interest rate = (1 + (0.21/12))12 - 1 = 0.2383 or 23.83% As a result, option (d) 23.83% is the correct answer. If a cardholder fails to make a payment on time, the bank imposes an effective interest rate of 23.83% per year, which is greater than the advertised APR of 21%.

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A firm produces 300 units of output at a total cost of $1,000 average total cost is $4. The answer is OPTION A.

When generating goods and services, producers—often referred to as firms or companies in economics—use inputs, or various components of production. (output). When determining what to create and how to generate it, businesses are crucial. The main goal of the company's output production is to maximize profits.

However, there are some expenses associated with producing output, which limit the profits a company can realize. The firm's decision on how much production to generate depends heavily on the connection between costs and profits. Production. A company uses inputs (factors of production) and, using its technology, converts them into output. The answer is OPTION A.

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Answer:

The economic order quantity (EOQ)

The economic order quantity (EOQ) is a company's optimal order quantity that meets demand while minimizing its total costs related to ordering, receiving, and holding inventory.

The Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system is a valuable tool for Gearon to help manage customer relationships.

It will help streamline customer data, automate customer outreach, and provide insights into customer preferences. With a CRM system in place, Gearon can improve customer service and increase sales.

The CRM system will help Gearon better store and manage customer data, such as contact information, orders, customer service tickets, and more. With all of this data easily accessible in one place, Gearon will be able to quickly respond to customers’ requests and provide faster customer service.

Additionally, the CRM system can automate customer outreach such as email campaigns or targeted promotions. This will help Gearon increase sales by engaging with customers in a personalized way.

Lastly, the CRM system can provide valuable insights into customer preferences and trends, allowing Gearon to better tailor their services to customers’ needs.

Overall, the CRM system is a powerful tool that will help Gearon build stronger customer relationships, improve customer service, and increase sales.

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There are a few financial statement effects of the change in accounting principle from FIFO to the weighted-average method by Rogers Corp in year 2.

Here are the following effects:

Year 1 ending inventory does not change.

Year 1 net income will decrease.

Year 1 ending inventory will decrease.

When a change in inventory method is made by a company, it results in changes to the financial statements, and in this case, Rogers Corp. had changed its inventory method from FIFO to the weighted-average method. The effect of this change in accounting principle is seen in the revised financial statements using the retrospective approach.

Under the weighted-average method, the year 2 beginning inventory is $5,000 lower than under the FIFO method. Therefore, the year 1 ending inventory does not change, and year 1 net income will decrease due to the change in accounting principle from FIFO to the weighted-average method.

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The given satement is true because an organization’s culture is kept alive through socialization. For socialization to be successful, the primary requirement is how close the employees’ values are to those of the organization.

Socialization is the process of imparting an organization's values, norms, and practices to new employees. The degree to which employees' values match those of the organization determines the success of socialization. In order to cultivate a strong culture within the organization, the company must foster a sense of community among its workers.

A successful socialization process can aid in the development of such a community by creating shared experiences and values among employees.

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The debt-equity ratio that is required to achieve the firm's desired rate of growth is 0.17. A firm requires a debt-equity ratio to achieve its desired rate of growth. The capital intensity ratio for the firm is 2, which implies that it requires $2 of assets for each $1 of sales.

The sustainable growth rate formula is as follows:

Sustainable Growth Rate = (Net Income/Total Assets) × (Total Assets/Total Equity) × (1 - Dividend Payout Ratio)

In this case, the firm wants a sustainable growth rate of 3.03 percent. The dividend payout ratio is 25 percent, and the profit margin is 4 percent. Therefore, the retained earnings ratio is 1 - Dividend Payout Ratio = 1 - 0.25 = 0.75.

The sustainable growth rate formula can be simplified as:

Sustainable Growth Rate = (Profit Margin × Retained Earnings Ratio) × Total Asset Turnover Ratio × Equity Multiplier

The total asset turnover ratio is the inverse of the capital intensity ratio, which is 1/2 = 0.5. The equity multiplier is also the inverse of the debt-equity ratio, which is 1 + Debt/Equity.

The sustainable growth rate formula can be further simplified as:

Sustainable Growth Rate = (0.04 × 0.75) × 0.5 × (1 + Debt/Equity)3.03% = (0.03/0.04) × (0.04 × 0.75) × 0.5 × (1 + Debt/Equity)Debt/Equity = [(3.03/4) / (0.03/0.04) - 1]Debt/Equity = 0.17

Therefore, the debt-equity ratio that the firm requires to achieve its desired rate of growth is 0.17.

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The Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for 12 units sold on July 8 in Palm Desert, California using the LIFO perpetual inventory method is $588.

To calculate the COGS, we must look at the most recent costs of the 12 units sold. Under the LIFO perpetual inventory method, the most recent cost of the 12 units sold is $49 each. This means the total cost of the 12 units sold is 12 x $49 = $588. This amount is then recorded in the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) account.

In the LIFO perpetual inventory method, the most recent costs of goods sold are the ones that are recognized for each sale.

This method is used to track the latest costs in a business’s inventory, allowing them to accurately account for changes in cost over time. This is beneficial for businesses that deal with volatile costs such as food, energy, or raw materials.

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The normal sequence in which the below budgets are prepared is Production budget, Direct materials budget, and Sales budget.

A budget is an important and often complicated financial tool that is employed to estimate and plan future income and expenses for both short and long-term periods. It's a financial plan that takes into account all of an organization's income and expenses, as well as cash flow, projected revenue, capital expenditures, and operational expenses, among other things.

A sales budget is a component of a business's master budget that outlines the expected revenue from the selling of a product or service. A sales budget is an estimate of future sales revenue, and it's critical because it drives several key financial line items, including the production budget.

The production budget is a financial plan that outlines the number of items that must be produced to fulfill expected sales and maintain inventory levels during a given period. The production budget is an essential component of the master budget and is used to plan not just production, but also purchasing, labor costs, and cash flow.

A direct materials budget is a financial plan that outlines the materials needed for production during a specific period. It considers the number of products that will be produced and the amount of raw materials required to produce them. A direct materials budget is critical since it enables a company to forecast how much cash is needed to buy the necessary raw materials for production.

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The profit of Goodspeed Automobiles at this output level is $15,000. Goodspeed Automobiles manufactures 100 disc brake cylinders at a given output level, where the marginal revenue is equal to the marginal cost.

Marginal revenue is the additional revenue gained by producing one additional unit, while marginal cost is the additional cost incurred by producing one additional unit. In this case, the revenue per unit of output is $500, while the per unit cost is $350.

Thus, the profit of Goodspeed Automobiles can be calculated by subtracting the total cost from the total revenue. The total revenue can be calculated by multiplying the revenue per unit ($500) with the number of units (100), resulting in $50,000. The total cost can be calculated by multiplying the cost per unit ($350) with the number of units (100), resulting in $35,000. Thus, the profit of Goodspeed Automobiles at this output level is $15,000.

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Policies and operating procedures facilitate strategy execution by all the options including A, B, and C.

Providing top-down guidance regarding how things need to be done, helping ensure consistency in how execution-critical activities are performed, and promoting the creation of a work climate that facilitates good strategy execution.

A policy is a directive statement that provides guidelines for decision-making and action. It serves as a management tool that helps managers make appropriate decisions and facilitates the implementation of the overall strategy. Policies are usually designed to reflect the organization's values, ethics, and goals. As a result, the organization's policies and procedures should align with its mission and objectives.

Operating procedures are detailed instructions that describe how to perform specific tasks. It provides a set of standardized procedures that ensure consistency in how execution-critical activities are performed. Operating procedures ensure that the day-to-day operations of the organization are carried out efficiently and effectively. By standardizing processes and procedures, employees know what is expected of them and can work towards achieving their goals.

Policies and operating procedures facilitate strategy execution by providing top-down guidance regarding how things need to be done, helping ensure consistency in how execution-critical activities are performed, and promoting the creation of a work climate that facilitates good strategy execution.

The correct options include A, B, and C.

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The basic income tax rate in the UK was 20% for the fiscal year 2021–2022. For incomes exceeding £50,270, this increased to 40%, and for earnings over £150,000, to 45%. Below £12,570, your earnings were tax-free. The Personal Allowance is what it is called.

The personal tax allowance typically rises a little each year, but for 2023–24, the threshold has been fixed at the £12,570 cap from 2022–23. Only earnings over the £12,570 level will be subject to income tax. Employees who qualify may still submit a claim for tax reduction for working from home starting with the current tax year 2022/23. Self assessment (SA) returns, online forms, and paper P87 forms can all be used to submit the claim.

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The long-term outcome of the publishing company's decision will depend on a variety of factors and cannot be predicted with certainty.

The long-term outcome of the publishing company's decision to downscope its book business and focus exclusively on new developments and growth in magazines and journals will depend on a number of factors, such as the quality and appeal of its magazine and journal offerings, the competitive landscape of the market, and the effectiveness of the company's growth strategies.

However, some possible outcomes could include:

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The rate set on the Beverly bonds must be greater than 11% to make Jane interested in making a switch.

To determine the rate that must be set on the Beverly Enterprises taxable bonds to make Jane interested in making a switch, we need to calculate the after-tax yield on her current tax-exempt bonds and compare it to the yield on the new taxable bonds.

First, let's calculate Jane's after-tax yield on her current tax-exempt bonds:

After-tax yield = Tax-exempt yield x (1 - Tax rate)

After-tax yield = 11% x (1 - 0.38)

After-tax yield = 6.82%

So Jane's after-tax yield on her current tax-exempt bonds is 6.82%.

Now let's assume that Beverly Enterprises' taxable bonds will pay an interest rate of x%.

To make Jane interested in switching to the Beverly bonds, the after-tax yield on the Beverly bonds must be greater than her current after-tax yield of 6.82%.

We can set up the following equation to solve for x:

(1 - Tax rate) x Yield on Beverly bonds > After-tax yield on current bonds

[tex](1 - 0.38) \times x > 6.82%[/tex]

[tex]0.62x > 6.82%[/tex]

[tex]x > 11%[/tex]

Therefore, the rate which makes Jane interested in making a switch must be greater than 11%.

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The statement "order amplification in the supply chain leads to the bullwhip effect" is true of order amplification.

Order amplification refers to the phenomenon in which small fluctuations in demand at the retail level can be magnified as they move up the supply chain to manufacturers and suppliers, leading to larger and larger swings in orders and inventory levels. This can cause inefficiencies and increased costs throughout the supply chain, as well as a lack of coordination between supply and demand.

Order amplification generally increases as one moves back up the supply chain away from the retail customer, as each level of the supply chain seeks to protect itself from potential fluctuations in demand by adding its own forecasts and safety stock.

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The utilization of the first workstation in a push process is equivalent to 80%.

This is because the first workstation has a capacity of 200 units per hour and the demand for the process is 250 units per hour.

Therefore, 80% of the capacity of the first workstation is being utilized, as 200 units per hour is 80% of 250 units per hour.

The second workstation has a capacity of 150 units per hour, which is less than the demand of 250 units per hour. This means that the utilization of the second workstation is 100%.

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The after-tax cash flow from the sale of the asset is calculated by subtracting the tax due from the proceeds of the sale. The after-tax cash flow from the sale of this asset is $65,614.

The amount of depreciation taken each year is the cost of the asset divided by the number of years of its tax life, in this case

$745,000/8 = $93,125.

The total depreciation over the five-year project is

$93,125 x 5 = $465,625.

The taxable gain on the sale of the asset is

$135,000 - $465,625 =$330,375.

The tax due on the sale of the asset is 21% of $330,375, which is $69,386. Therefore, the after-tax cash flow from the sale of the asset is

= $135,000 - $69,386

= $65,614.

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