A ________ is least likely to be involved in the IRB decision regarding whether a study will be permitted.

Answers

Answer 1

A veterinarian is least likely to be involved in the IRB decision which is regarding whether a study will be permitted.

A veterinarian is a person who takes care for the health of animals and works in order to protect the public health. So, they are said to treat, diagnose, and also research on the medical conditions and the diseases of the livestock, pets, and other animals.

However, of the people who are involved in the IRB decision is said to be regarding a study, where a veterinarian is the least likely in order to participate in the board as his or her field does not extend to that field.

Hence, veterinarians tend to care for the health of animals.

To learn more about the veterinarian here:

https://brainly.com/question/2480556

#SPJ4


Related Questions

What is the socialist idea of collective ownership? Is it good for the

development of the society?

Answers

The socialist idea of collective ownership is the idea that all the means of production and distribution of goods and services in a society should be owned and controlled collectively by the people, rather than by individuals or by the state.

Exploring the Pros and Cons of Collective Ownership in the Socialist System

This means that people would have an equal say in how the economy is run, and that all members of society would benefit equally from its resources.

Whether collective ownership is good for the development of a society depends on the context. In some cases, collective ownership can help to ensure that everyone has access to basic resources and services, and that resources are used for the good of the entire community. In other cases, it can lead to inefficiencies in the economy and widespread poverty.

Learn more about socialist at: https://brainly.com/question/937448

#SPJ4

What are the top 3 largest cities by area?

Answers

The largest cities by area are Tokyo (Population: 37,435,191) (Population: 37,435,191) Delhi (Population: 29,399,141) (Population: 29,399,141) Shanghai (Population: 26,317,104) and (Population: 26,317,104).

Tokyo-Yokohama ranks first in terms of population but third in terms of land size, covering 3,178 square miles. With a total area of 4,669 square miles, the metro area of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut has the distinction of being the largest urban area in terms of physical size. Second place goes to Boston-Providence with 3,683 square miles.

Perth continues to have the undesirable distinction of being the world's longest city thanks to all of these factors. From Two Rocks to Dawesville, Perth's sprawl has grown to approximately 150 kilometers in length. According to the most recent data, there are fewer inner-city infill homes being built.

To know more about cities click here: brainly.com/question/496631

#SPJ4

Which of these actions would qualify you as an ethical hunter?

Answers

Answer:

where are they ????????

What are the negative effects of social media on society?

Answers

Explanation:

social media use can also negatively affect teens, distracting them, disrupting their sleep, and exposing them to bullying, rumor spreading, unrealistic views of other people's lives and peer pressure.

Revolutions in Latin America led to
A. the overthrow of wealthy creole control.
B. freedom for Native Americans.
C. newly independent neighbors for the United States.
D. the creation of a United League of Latin American Provinces.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

A social constructionist approach recognizes that health and disease are phenomena that are embedded in social practices and fraught with social meanings. This means that:

Answers

A social constructionist 3. Health is not a socially neutral state; it varies demographically and takes on meanings that are shaped by class, race, and other social markers.

Constructionist learning, which aids pupils in making sense of their circumstances, places a strong emphasis on the development of mental models. Constructionism encourages student-centered, inquiry-based learning where students build on prior knowledge to acquire new information. [1] Through project-based learning, students connect diverse ideas and bodies of knowledge while receiving coaching from the teacher rather than lectures or in-depth instructions. [1] Constructionism also holds that learning is most effective when people actively make tangible things in the actual world. Constructionism is associated with experiential learning in that it draws on Jean Piaget's constructivism epistemological theory.

Learn more about constructionist :

https://brainly.com/question/13594866

#SPJ4

The complete question is here:

A social constructionist approach recognizes that health and disease are phenomena that are embedded in social practices and fraught with social meanings. This means that

1. Health is a natural category that relies on abstracted biological notions of the function of organisms

2. Health is something that gets better or worse over time

3. Health is not a socially neutral state; it varies demographically and takes on meanings that are shaped by class, race, and other social markers

4. Health is defined by contingent institutional practices

5. Diseases do more than physically impair us or pain us: they may also erect barriers to social participation

What do you mean by manifest and latent function given by mention?

Answers

Manifest characteristic refers to the supposed feature of social policies, processes, or moves that are consciously and deliberately designed to be really useful in their impact on society.

Meanwhile, a latent function is one that is now not consciously intended, however that, nonetheless, has a beneficial effect on society.

What do you imply by using appear and latent functions given by?

Manifest features or dysfunctions are deliberate and known. While latent features or dysfunctions are unintended and/or go unrecognized by way of many. Positive or bad values are no longer connected to features or dysfunctions.

What is supposed by way of latent function?

latent characteristic in American English

any feature of an institution or other social phenomenon that is unintentional and frequently unrecognized.

Learn more about manifest and latent function here:

https://brainly.com/question/13687150#SPJ4

How the environment affects natural selection and mutation?

Answers

Beneficial mutations are passed on and harmful mutations are eliminated as organisms adapt to changing environmental conditions and evolve.

Which definition of environment is the best?

The term "environment" can be used to refer to the whole of all living and non-living things as well as their influences on human life. Animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds make up all biotic or life components. Abiotic or non-biotic elements include water, land, sunlight, rocks, and air.

What types of environments are there?

In terms of people, the environment refers to the natural world, which includes things like the atmosphere, the land, the plants, the oceans, rivers, and lakes, among others. Simply said, the phrase refers to everything that is physically present on our world.

To know more about Environment visit:

brainly.com/question/518189

#SPJ4

Is an assessment designed to measure by identifying how an individual perceives situations and makes decisions

Answers

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a career assessment which is designed to identify how an individual perceives situation and makes decisions accordingly.

MBTI is a psychometric assessment procedure in which the capacity of the person is judged on the basis of their response to certain situations. It has four sub categories one of which is found in every individual, these are introversion/extraversion behavior (judges energy), sensing/intuition (seeks for information), thinking/feeling (way to arrive at some decisions), judging/perceiving (approach to the external world). It helps in identification of personality. The different combination of these sixteen personalities which are formed in different situations helps in identifying the most probable action which one would take in a particular situation.

Learn more about MBTI at:

brainly.com/question/28300955

#SPJ4

Functionalists view certain elements in society as ____, representing the negative consequences that elements have for the stability of the social system. a. manifest functions

Answers

According to functionalists, various societal components have latent functions that signify the detrimental effects they have on the stability of the social system. Manifest bodily processes. Functionalists are thought to hold a thesis or conduct research that indicates human mental wellness.

Unknown or unintended functions are referred to as "latent functions." A latent function of a behaviour is not stated, acknowledged, or intended by the parties involved. As a result, they are recognisable to observers. A good illustration of a latent function is when medical professionals treat a patient who has an incurable illness and manage to save the patient, opening the door to new treatment options.

Learn more about the Latent Functions here:

https://brainly.com/question/26078704

#SPJ4

What advantage did more industry give to the Union?

Answers

Answer:

The Union had many advantages over the Confederacy. The North had a larger population than the South. The Union also had an industrial economy, where- as the Confederacy had an economy based on agriculture. The Union had most of the natural resources, like coal, iron, and gold, and also a well-developed rail system.

Explanation:

1.Why was the Missouri Compromise created?
2.How did the Missouri Compromise attempt to settle the issue over the spread of slavery?
3.What potential problems were created through the Missouri Compromise?
please I need a written answer thank you

Answers

1.) In an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states, the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

2.) The main issue of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was how to deal with the spread of slavery into western territories. The compromise divided the lands of the Louisiana Purchase into two parts. Slavery would be allowed south of latitude 36 degrees 30'.

3.) The Missouri Compromise was struck down as unconstitutional, and slavery and anti-slavery proponents rushed into the territory to vote in favor or against the practice. The rush, effectively led to massacre known as Bleeding Kansas and propelled itself into the very real beginnings of the American Civil War.

The comparison of cultures using anthropological evidence; concerned with the study of contemporary cultures, with a view to deriving general principles about human society is called

Answers

The fifth edition of Contemporary Cultural Anthropology examines how anthropology and the wider world have changed while discussing novel theories and developments in communication and technology.

What methodology does anthropology use today?

The term "contemporary anthropology" simply means the study of the present-day state of humanity. Our contemporary human species has evolved significantly differently from our distant and recent forebears. To begin with, we have access to instruments that fundamentally alter our needs, wants, and capacities, such as cars, the Internet, and refrigerators.

What anthropological method offers an insider's perspective and calls for both respect and knowledge of a different culture?

The focus of ethnographic study is on the "emic" or "the insider" perspective with an interest in culture and cultural meanings. Fieldwork among the people whose culture is being studied is the basis of ethnographies. Interpretation, comprehension, and representation are the main focuses of ethnography.

To Know more about Contemporary

https://brainly.com/question/19024258

#SPJ4

What might an older adult in the workplace perceive as a micro-aggression?
"You must be having a senior moment."
"Can you hand me my coffee mug?"
"We appreciate your years of service."
"You have the most institutional knowledge in the office."

Answers

"You must be having a senior moment." can be perceived as a micro-aggression by an older adult. Thus, option (1) can be regarded as correct.

Give a brief account on micro-aggression.

Whether deliberate or inadvertent, everyday verbal, behavioral, or environmental slights that convey unfriendly, disparaging, or unfavorable views toward stigmatized or culturally marginalized groups are referred to as micro-aggressions. Chester M. Pierce, a psychiatrist at Harvard University, first used the word to refer to the slurs and dismissals that he frequently saw non-black Americans direct at African Americans in 1970. Early in the twenty-first century, the phrase was used to refer to the casual denigration of any socially marginalized group, such as LGBT individuals, those who are poor, and those who are disabled. Microaggressions are described by psychologist Derald Wing Sue as "brief, casual conversations that transmit disparaging messages to particular persons because of their group membership." The people making the remarks can have good intentions overall and be oblivious to the implications of what they are saying.

To know more about, micro-aggression, visit :

https://brainly.com/question/29213572

#SPJ4

What would you expect the shape of the sampling distribution for the sample proportion to be?

Answers

The sample percentage distribution should have a bulge in the centre and a taper at the ends. The shape of the sampling distribution for the sample proportion is going to be normal with mean μ=0.33 and σ = (0.33 × 0.67) / 100 = 0.0448

The Central Limit Theorem establishes that, for a random variable X, with mean μ and standard deviation σ , a large sample size can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean μ and standard deviation( σ/√n )

Sample size, n=100

So, the shape of the sampling distribution for the sample proportion is going to be normal with mean μ=0.33 or population proportion of smartphone is  

p=0.33 and  

σ = p(1 - p)/ n

σ = (0.33 × 0.67) / 100

σ = 0.0448

Visit here to learn more about Sample proportion: https://brainly.com/question/30006849

#SPJ4

how can we mobilize youth to participate in elections?

Answers

Answer:

There is no one answer to this question as it depends on the particular context and what will work to engage youth in that specific situation. However, some possible strategies that could be used to encourage youth participation in elections include:

Providing information on the voting process and what elections are taking placeMaking electoral information accessible and easy to understandEncouraging youth to register to vote and participate in early votingHosting forums or debates on the issues at stake in the electionOrganizing get-out-the-vote drives targeting youthUsing social media and other digital platforms to reach youth with election information and campaigning
Answer:So, how can we mobilize ourselves and our peers to get involved and make a difference? Here are a few ideas:

Educate ourselves on the candidates and issues. The more we know about what's at stake, the more motivated we'll be to vote.Spread the word. Share information about the elections with our friends and encourage them to register to vote and make a plan to cast their ballots.Get involved in voter registration drives. Many organizations host voter registration events, and we can help get our peers registered and ready to vote.Use our social media platforms to encourage others to participate. Share information about the elections and the importance of voting with our followers.Volunteer with a campaign or advocacy group. This is a great way to get more involved and make a tangible difference in the outcome of the elections.Remember, our votes matter and have the power to shape the future of our community and country. Let's make sure we use them!

What are the advantages of a republic government?

Answers

There are several advantages to a republican administration. A few of these are equity, shared welfare, citizen freedom and prosperity, equal citizen engagement, and the growth of social justice.

What traits make a government in the republic?

A republican government is one in which the electorate, either directly or indirectly, holds the ultimate power and passes legislation that serves both the needs of the electorate and the general welfare. The political viability of conservatism would be demonstrated by the establishment of America.

The United States, Mexico, India, France, Kenya, South Korea, Peru, and Indonesia are just a few of the numerous true republics in the world. Simply because they do not have a monarch (a king or queen) serving as their head of state, some countries refer to themselves as republics. They are not always democracies.

What are the republican system of government's two disadvantages?

Running Republican political systems can be expensive. Elections typically require and utilize a lot of resources. This may not be a positive thing in less developed nations. In smaller communities, Republicans are more successful at governing.

Learn more about republican government: https://brainly.com/question/29681120

#SPJ4

Describe the connection between sexual desire and romantic love. Describe the different behaviors that each motivates

Answers

The idea of sexual desire can be interpreted in a variety of ways. Because of the development of various measurement tools.

it is now possible to undertake substantial study, which makes it easier to look at the factors that affect sexual desire. When it comes to understanding sexual desire, there have been some discernible distinctions between the sexes in terms of one's own desires as well as those of others. All of these beliefs and attitudes have an effect on how people act and communicate with others, especially when it comes to different kinds of interpersonal interactions. Theorists assert that sexual desire can serve a variety of functions, including the need for connection expressed via love and affection[1] and the desire for sexual gratification.

Learn more about sexual desire:

https://brainly.com/question/30096294

#SPJ4

Colonist G

Colonist G lives close to Boston's waterfront. He has very little money and cares little

about politics. He works on docks loading and unloading the ships and at night he hangs

out and

plays cards in one of the many taverns along the waterfront. He has been known to spend

a few

nights in jail after fighting in the taverns. His toughness has caught the eye of the Sons of

Liberty

and for months they have been trying to recruit him. Colonist G accepted their rum and

ale but

refused to join the Sons of Liberty. Yesterday, Colonists G was informed that he was out of

a job

because the British passed a series of acts called the Intolerable Acts which closed Boston

Harbor to trade.

Is Colonist G a Patriot, Loyalist, or Neutral?

Reason for decision:

Answers

Colonist G is a patriot because the Sons of liberty are already in favor of this colonist and could deceive him on his behalf.

Colonist G is a patriot since the Sons of Liberty are already in favour of the tough Colonist G and will likely deceive him into thinking they are recruiting on his behalf. His workplace in Boston Harbor was shut down when Britain enacted the Intolerable Acts.

Patriots were the term used to describe colonies who supported breaking away from Great Britain. Those who supported remaining as British colonies were known as loyalists. Americans who embraced both ideologies and were unable to pick a side were referred to as Neutrals.

To know more about patriots, refer to the following link:

https://brainly.com/question/19537861

#SPJ4

Cathy purchases a new computer for $500 in a state where the sales tax rate is 5%. The amount of sales tax that will be added to the purchase is $ .

Answers

Based on the provided information, the amount of sales tax that will be added to the purchase is $25.

A sales tax refers to a type of tax that is paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. It is a consumption tax which is imposed by the government on the sale of goods and services. Generally, the  conventional way of collecting sales tax is levied at the point of sale, which is collected by the retailer, and passed on to the government. When a tax on goods or services is paid to a governing body directly by a consumer, it is usually called a use tax. Based on the information provided, Cathy purchases a new computer for $500 in a state where the sales tax rate is 5%. Hence, the amount of sales tax that will be added to the purchase is 500*5% = 500*0.05 = $25.

Learn more about Sales tax:

https://brainly.com/question/9437038

#SPJ4

Emma constantly falls asleep during first period and now she's failing the class. Which action could she take to fix this problem

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Emma could try to go to sleep at an earlier time. Emma also needs to get all of her assignments caught up. She could also try to take a cold shower in the morning to wake her up.

Which of the following is
NOT a concern for the
Asian Brown Cloud?
A. The Asian Brown Cloud may bring fruitful
harvests.
B. The Asian Brown Cloud might be responsible for
speeding up the melting of glaciers.
C. The Asian Brown Cloud might affect monsoon
season.

Answers

It is unimportant if the Asian Brown Cloud will result in bountiful harvests. Option A is correct.

What causes Asian brown clouds?

The Asian Brown Cloud is an ozone layer that covers sections of the northern Indian Ocean, India, and Pakistan, as well as areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China. This pollution layer was discovered during an intense field observation during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INODEX) in 1999.

The Asian brown cloud is created by significant volumes of aerosols (such as soot and dust) produced in the region by the burning of fossil fuels and biomass. The Indian Ocean brown cloud, sometimes known as the Asian brown cloud, is a layer of air pollution that frequently blankets regions of South Asia.

To learn more about Asian Brown Cloud, click

https://brainly.com/question/3521808

#SPJ1

Which statements describe a result gitlow v new york? Check all that apply

Answers

Answer:

I believe the answer is:

- Through incorporation, the First Amendment applied to state law.

- The Fourteenth Amendment made the Constitution superior to state law.

- The due process clause can be used to incorporate the Bill of Rights.

The decision in Gitlowv. New york is considered to be a landmark decision which put a limitation on the free speech clause under the first amendment and give government more power to stop the free speech is the speech is advocating for violence.

I hope this help you! If it help please mark me brainlest! :)

Identify who Jesus is in the book of Daniel. (Choose four answers. ) Group of answer choices Righteous Branch Messiah and Prince Creator of the universe King of kings and Lord of lords Son of Man Son of God Everlasting King The Holy One of Israel

Answers

In the book of Daniel, Jesus is e) Son of Man, b) Messiah and Prince, f) Son of God and g) everlasting King.

The book of Daniel is full of references to Jesus Christ. Jesus is identified as the Son of Man, Messiah, and Prince, and is portrayed as the Son of God and everlasting King.

Daniel's prophecies provide insight into the divinity, power, and mission of Jesus, offering a glimpse into his true nature.

As the Son of Man, Jesus is the ultimate judge, who will come to bring justice to the world. As Messiah, he is the savior of mankind, and as Prince, he is the leader of God's people. As the Son of God, Jesus has been given authority to reign over all creation, and as the everlasting King, he will reign forever and ever.

Through Daniel's writings, we can gain a deeper understanding of Jesus and his purpose in this world.

The question will correctly be written as :

Identify who Jesus is in the book of Daniel. (Choose four answers. ) Group of answer choices

a) Righteous Branch

b) Messiah and Prince

c) Creator of the universe

d) King of kings and Lord of lords

e)Son of Man

f)Son of God

g)Everlasting King

h)The Holy One of Israel

To learn more about Jesus, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/510889

#SPJ4

What are the effects of digital society?

Answers

Explanation:

There are many side effects such as technology addiction, time loss, isolation, lower academic performance together with its benefits. It is obvious that it is not easy and rational way to entirely keep students away from social media.

What are top 10 largest cities?

Answers

The top 10 largest cities in the world, based on population listed below as Tokyo, Japan ; Delhi, India ; Shanghai, China ;São Paulo, Brazil ;Mumbai, India ;Mexico City, Mexico ;Beijing, China ;Osaka, Japan ;Cairo, Egypt ;New York City, USA

The above list represents the top 10 largest cities in the world based on population. These are some of the most populous urban areas in the world, with each city having a population of over 8 million people. The list is in  the sorted order of the population ans the order is decreasing order .So the most populas city is in on first position.

To know more about geographic areas click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/7424391#

#SPJ4

Part A.

Which of the following parts of citizenship are responsibilities, rather than rights? Select the two correct answers.

A.
obeying property laws

B.
speaking freely

C.
carrying weapons

D.
serving on juries

E.
appealing court decisions

Part B.

Which rights are protected when the majority of citizens perform the responsibilities chosen in the previous question? Select the two correct answers.

A.
religion

B.
assembly

C.
speech

D.
property

E.
due process

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

I can only help you with part A because I do not understand part B but I tried

A is the answer I think I’m not really sure

Some hereditarians have been fearful that higher twentieth-century birth rates among those with lower intelligence scores would shove average intelligence scores progressively downward. This fear has been most directly alleviated by the discovery of:

Answers

i’m not sure but i think that you will find it

heyy! i’ll give brainliest please help

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

i looked it up

What Confucian ethic is central to the Chinese concept of guanxi? Multiple Choice O devoting life to a spiritual quest
O reciprocal obligations
Ο individual progress O holding all material possessions in trust for God O renunciation of the material world

Answers

The Confucian ethic of reciprocal obligations is central to the Chinese concept of guanxi. Thus, option (b) can be regarded as correct.

Give a brief account on guanxi.

A person's social network of profitable personal and professional connections is referred to as guanxi in Chinese culture. The terms "old boy's network" in the West and "closed system of relationships" in Chinese are both derived from the characters guan, which means "closed," and xi, which means "system." Because "connections" and "relationships" don't accurately convey the significance of a person's guanxi to the majority of personal and professional transactions in China, the pinyin romanization "guanxi" is more frequently used in Western media.

Contrary to Western culture, guanxi relationships virtually never begin with a formal meeting alone. Instead, time must be spent getting to know each other through tea parties, banquets, or other informal gatherings. In essence, guanxi demands a personal connection before any kind of professional connection can arise. Because of this, guanxi relationships are frequently closer than those in Western personal social networks.

To know more about, guanxi, visit :

https://brainly.com/question/7781475

#SPJ4

Other Questions
A.When paraphrasing or summarizing, you should use all of the following key words to guide you exceWhich one should you NOT use?deleteB. substituteC. keepD. evaluate How did the Cherokee deal with the Georgia laws? the cube root parent function is reflected and stretched by four. it is translated six to the right and five down. write an equation that represents this new function Use these phrases and the common activities in the word bank below to discuss your likes and dislikes. Your response should include 8-10 sentences in German. Keyser Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations:Selling price $ 157Units in beginning inventory 1,250Units produced 9,150Units sold 9,250Units in ending inventory 1,150Variable costs per unit:Direct materials $ 35Direct labor $ 52Variable manufacturing overhead $ 16Variable selling and administrative expense $ 26Fixed costs:Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 73,200Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 166,000The company produces the same number of units every month, although the sales in units vary from month to month. The company's variable costs per unit and total fixed costs have been constant from month to month.What is the net operating income for the month under absorption costing Whats the difference between Asexual and sexual reproduction and how are they similar (5-7 sentences) What is the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia If B=3x-1 and C=2x^2+x+9, find an expression that equals 2B+2C in standard form. Are infinite languages undecidable? I-Ready The map shows an obstacle course at a school fair. Solving inequalities 3/5 * p 6 The Honda Accord was named the best midsized car for resale value for by the Kelley Blue Book (Kelley Blue Book website). The file AutoResale contains mileage, age, and selling price for a sample of Honda Accords. Click on the datafile logo to reference the data. a. Develop an estimated regression equation that predicts the selling price of a used Honda Accord given the mileage and age of the car (to decimals). Enter negative value as negative number. 20385.25049 b. Is multicollinearity an issue for this model Take the perspective of Deborah Sampson, who joined thePatriots in the conflict by disguising herself as a man. Write a shortautobiography describing what you went through to become a soldier and whytaking part in the war was important to you. How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 3 kg of lead from 15C to 20C? Use the table below and this equation: Q = MCAT.The question is written right above the table given. What is the interquartile range? 1. What is 16.2 kPa in atmospheres? Why is fake news considered a problem? What effect do you think the publication of fake news will have on the United States or on Americans in the near future, if any? Explain the reasoning behind your answer. Variable manufacturing cost $ 15 Fixed manufacturing cost 12 Total manufacturing cost $ 27 The part can be purchased from an outside supplier at $20 per unit. If the part is purchased from the outside supplier, two thirds of the total fixed costs incurred in producing the part can be avoided. The annual financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a result of buying the part from the outside supplier would be: he period of a wave is equal to the time it takes for one wavelength to pass by a fixed point. You stand on a pier watching water waves and see 10 wavelengths pass by in a time of 40 seconds. a. What is the period of the water waves?b. What is the frequency of the water waves?c. If the wavelength is 3 meters, what is the wave speed? Which one of the following is not the formula for the quantity theory of money? O M x Y = P x V. O V = P x Y/MO M = 1/v x P x Y. O M x V = P x Y.