Answer: fermentation
Explanation:
What stage of the cell cycle?
Answer:if you mean what are the stages of the cell cycle: interphase (g1, s, g2), mitosis(p,m,a,t,), then cytokinesis
Explanation:
In order to have rh negative bl00d one must be h0m0zygous recessive. about one-sixth (1/6) of the u.s. population is rh negative, and the other five-sixths (5/6) are rh positive.
Rh blood type is determined by a gene that is either dominant or recessive. People who are Rh negative have two recessive genes, while those who are Rh positive have at least one dominant gene.
The gene that determines Rh blood type is located on the Rhesus (Rh) factor, which is found on the surface of red blood cells. In the United States, about one-sixth (1/6) of the population is Rh negative, while the other five-sixths (5/6) are Rh positive. Those who are Rh negative must have two recessive genes in order to have this blood type.
Because the gene is recessive, it is more likely for an individual to have Rh positive blood. However, if both parents have Rh negative blood, it is possible for their offspring to have this blood type. It is important to know your Rh factor if you are pregnant, as it can affect the health of your baby.
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Explain darwin's belief that survival is a struggle and how it applies to his theory of natural selection. evaluate the impact this theory has had on other aspects of culture, such as philosophical beliefs, religious theology, educational theory and literature. your answer should be at least 250 words.
The movement of alleles in and out of a population caused by individuals or gametes is known as.
The movement of alleles in and out of a population caused by individuals or gametes is known as gene flow.
Gene flow is one of the five main mechanisms that drive evolution, along with natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and non-random mating. Gene flow can occur when individuals or their gametes migrate between populations, or when there is hybridization between two different species.
Gene flow can increase genetic diversity within a population, introduce new alleles to a population, and homogenize the genetic makeup of different populations.
It can also have a major impact on the evolutionary trajectory of a population, as gene flow can introduce adaptive alleles or maladaptive alleles from other populations, which can affect the fitness of individuals and the entire population.
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What are the ethical considerations in studying life processes?
Answer:
Quite a few, here are some to think about:
1. Informed consent: Researchers should obtain informed consent from study participants, which means they must explain the nature of the study, potential risks and benefits, and allow participants to freely decide whether or not to participate.
2. Privacy and confidentiality: Researchers must protect the privacy and confidentiality of study participants by keeping their personal information and data confidential.
3. Respect for autonomy: Researchers must respect the autonomy of participants and allow them to make their own decisions about their participation in the study.
4. Animal welfare: When studying life processes using animals, researchers must consider the ethical treatment of animals and ensure that they are treated with respect and care.
5. Data integrity: Researchers must ensure the accuracy and integrity of data collected during the study and avoid falsification or manipulation of data.
6. Beneficence: Researchers must balance the potential benefits of the study against potential risks to participants and take steps to minimize harm to participants.
7. Social responsibility: Researchers must consider the potential impact of their research on society and ensure that their work is conducted in an ethical and socially responsible manner.
Orchids have developed an elongated petal that holds nectar to lure pollinators into carrying their pollen. Only certain species, such as the sphynx moths, with a long proboscis, can reach the nectar. A honey bee that usually gathers nectar from flowers like dandelion smells the nectar and attempts to reach it but cannot due to its lack of a long proboscis. What barrier is this an example of? *
Answer:
Explanation:
This is an example of a mechanical barrier. The orchid has evolved a specific petal shape that holds nectar to attract only certain pollinators with a long proboscis, such as the sphynx moths. The honey bee, on the other hand, cannot reach the nectar due to its lack of a long proboscis. This mechanical barrier ensures that only specific pollinators can access the nectar and transfer pollen between flowers of the same species.
Orchids evolving an elongated petal that holds nectar to attract specific pollinators, such as sphinx moths with a long proboscis, while discouraging others, such as honey bees is an example of a physical barrier.
In this scenario, the physical characteristic of the elongated petal and the position of the nectar acts as a physical barrier to prevent honey bees from accessing the nectar.
The petal is elongated and the nectar is placed deep inside, which can only be reached by pollinators like sphinx moths with a long proboscis. Honey bees, which have a short proboscis, are unable to reach the nectar, thus creating a physical barrier.
This is an example of a natural selection process where the orchids have evolved a specific feature to attract only specific pollinators, which in turn increases the likelihood of successful pollination.
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Which water source may become polluted as it travels over land?pondsgroundwateroceansrunoff
The water source which may become polluted as it travels over land is runoff.
Runoff refers to water from precipitation, such as rain or snow, that flows over the surface of the land and can collect in streams, rivers, lakes, or other bodies of water.
As it flows over the land, runoff can pick up and carry pollutants such as sediment, nutrients, chemicals, and other substances.
This can lead to water pollution and harm aquatic ecosystems, as well as potentially impacting human health if the polluted water is consumed or used for irrigation or other purposes.
Runoff can be managed through practices such as vegetative buffers, conservation tillage, and stormwater detention and treatment, which help to reduce the amount of pollutants that enter waterways.
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explain how the pattern in the graph supports the claim that the genetic mutation for black fur was at some times harmful and at other times helpful to survive?
This pattern in the graph suggests that the genetic mutation for black fur was beneficial to the squirrels' survival during the earlier period because it allowed them to blend in better with their environment and avoid predators.
What is genetic mutation?A Genetic mutation is described as an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.
With reference from the graph, the percentage of squirrels with black fur increased steadily from 2010 to 2013, and experienced a decreased sharply from 2013 to 2015.
In conclusion, we can say that the pattern in the graph suggests that the genetic mutation for black fur was not always beneficial or harmful.
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Whose Main Job Gives a Plant Cell Strength and Stiffness?
Answer:
The cell wall
Explanation:
The cell wall gives plant cells strength and stiffness
The main job that gives a plant cell strength and stiffness is the cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells and provides support and protection for the cell.
It is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin, and gives the cell its shape and rigidity. The cell wall is also important for maintaining the turgor pressure in the cell, which is necessary for growth and expansion.
The strength and stiffness of the cell wall is important for maintaining the overall structure of the plant, and helps to protect it from physical damage, dehydration, and other stresses.
]Without a strong and rigid cell wall, plant cells would be unable to maintain their shape and function properly.
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Which features make capillaries great for
exchanging substances between the
blood & cells? (select all that apply)
the blood pressure is much lower & the flood
flows slower, allowing time for exchange
they are permeable & allow substances
in/out
they have a very large total cross sectional
area for the exchange
they are only one cell layer thick
Answer:
All of the following features make capillaries great for exchanging substances between the blood and cells:
The blood pressure is much lower and the flow is slower, allowing time for exchange
They are permeable and allow substances to move in and out
They have a very large total cross-sectional area for exchange
They are only one cell layer thick, which facilitates rapid diffusion of substances across their walls.
Explanation:
question 1 which of the following statements is true? 1 point the primary purpose of all enzymes is digestion the primary purpose of all enzymes is metabolism enzymes are generally protein molecules enzymes are generally dna molecules some cells in your body do not contain any enzymes
The statement that is true out of the given options is "enzymes are generally protein molecules" because because proteins are unique in their capacity to build intricate three-dimensional structures that allow them to perform specialised biochemical activities
Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They do this by lowering the activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. Enzymes are specific to the reaction they catalyze and are highly regulated in the body.
Enzymes are involved in various metabolic pathways in the body, which include digestion, synthesis of new molecules, and energy production. However, their primary purpose is not digestion, as some enzymes are involved in other processes such as DNA replication and repair. Additionally, enzymes are not generally DNA molecules, as they are proteins encoded by DNA.
Furthermore, enzymes are present in almost all cells in the body. Even cells that do not participate in metabolic pathways still contain enzymes that perform essential functions. For example, red blood cells do not have a nucleus or mitochondria, but they still contain enzymes that help in the transport of oxygen.
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Consider the following scenario:
In a muddy lake environment, some fish have brown scales. Most fish, however, have silver scales. Predators have a harder time seeing the fish with brown scales.
Which term best describes the brown scales?
(1 point)
advantageous trait
predominant phenotype
inactivated gene
new mutation
The brown scales are an advantageous trait because they provide a survival benefit to the fish by making them less visible to predators in their environment. This increased camouflage can result in better chances of survival and reproduction for fish with this trait.
In this scenario, the brown scales on some fish are an advantageous trait because they provide a selective advantage in the specific environment where they live. The brown scales make it harder for predators to see the fish, which can increase their chances of survival and reproduction.
The frequency of the brown scales in the population may increase over time as individuals with this trait are more likely to survive and reproduce. As a result, the advantageous trait becomes more common in the population, potentially leading to a shift in the predominant phenotype of the fish.
This process is an example of natural selection, a key mechanism of evolution.
Therefore, the correct option is an advantageous trait.
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Which of the chains of amino acids corresponds to the nucleotide sequence uca-agc-gua? a glu-cys-pro
b glu-asp-"stop"
c thr-arg-met
d ser-ser-val
ser-ser-val is the chains of amino acids corresponds to the nucleotide sequence uca-agc-gua. Correct option is D.
Proteins are made up of substances called amino acids. Proteins and amino acids are the components of life.
Amino acids are the byproducts of the digestion or breakdown of proteins. Amino acids are used by the human body to create proteins that aid in: Dissect the food, Grow, rehabilitate body tissue and perform a variety of other bodily tasks.
The body can also utilise amino acids as a source of energy.
There are three categories for amino acids: required amino acids, auxiliary amino acids and specific amino acids
The body is unable to produce essential amino acids. They must therefore originate from food.
Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine are the nine essential amino acids.
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Suppose a child reaches for a hot pan on the stove and burns himself. Explain how the child’s brain functions to protect his body from injury both at the moment as well as in the future.
Figure 6 shows the inheritance of flower colour in two species of plant.
In pea plants and in snapdragon plants, flower colour is controlled by one pair of alleles.
In figure 6 the parental generation plants are hom0zygous for flower colour.
In heterozygous pea plants, the allele for red flower colour is dominant
In heterozygous snapdragon plants, the alleles for flower colour are both expressed.
What is the genotype of the red-flowered pea plants in the F1 generation?
What is the genotype of a white-flowered snapdragon plant?
In the F1 generation, the red-flowered pea plants have a genotype of Rr, where R represents the dominant allele for red flower color, and r represents the recessive allele for white flower color.
The genotype of a white-flowered snapdragon plant is ww, where w represents the recessive allele for white flower color.
Pea Plants:
The red-flowered pea plants have a genotype of Rr, where R represents the dominant allele for red flower color, and r represents the recessive allele for white flower color.
This means that the red-flowered pea plants have inherited one dominant allele (R) from one parent and one recessive allele (r) from the other parent. The dominant allele (R) determines the red flower color, while the recessive allele (r) does not show its characteristic in the presence of the dominant allele.
Snapdragon Plants:
The white-flowered snapdragon plant has a genotype of ww, where w represents the recessive allele for white flower color. In this case, the snapdragon plant has inherited two recessive alleles (w) from both parents.
Since the recessive allele (w) is present in both copies, the white flower color is expressed in the snapdragon plant.
It's important to note that the information provided only describes the genotypes of the red-flowered pea plants (Rr) and the white-flowered snapdragon plant (ww) in the F1 generation.
It does not provide any information about the phenotypes or genotypes of the other plants in the F1 generation or any subsequent generations.
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A group of which level of classification that is closely related will composed a genus?
O kingdoms
species
ophyla
O orders
A genus is a level of classification that is closely related and is typically composed of a group of species.
Here, correct option is B.
Genus is a taxonomic rank which is one step below the family level and one step above the species level. This rank is used to classify and organize related organisms into a group. A genus is typically divided into multiple species, which are all closely related.
This means that within a genus, the species are generally similar in characteristics such as anatomy, physiology, behavior, and genetics. Furthermore, the species within a genus have evolved from a common ancestor.
For example, the genus Canis, which includes the wolf and coyote, is comprised of multiple species that have evolved from a common ancestor. As such, the genus is an important level of classification for grouping and understanding organisms.
Therefore, correct option is B.
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What is the difference between turtles and tortoises.
Answer:
Tortoises have more rounded and domed shells where turtles have thinner, more water-dynamic shells
Explanation:
Turtle shells are more streamlined to aid in swimming. One major key difference is that tortoises spend most of their time on land and turtles are adapted for life spent in water.
The field of evo-devo proposes that many major morphological changes result from changes in gene __________ of regulatory genes. the premise for this argument is that these changes _______.
The field of evo-devo proposes that many major morphological changes result from changes in gene expression of regulatory genes.
The premise for this argument is that these changes cause modifications in the expression of downstream target genes, which then lead to alterations in structure and patterning.
Regulatory genes are those that control other genes, and changes in their expression can drastically alter the way in which an organism develops. Such changes can happen through mutations, whereby the regulatory gene acquires a new sequence, or through alterations in the timing and location of the gene’s expression.
For example, a mutation in a regulatory gene could cause the gene to be expressed at a different stage of development, leading to changes in the patterning of the organism’s morphology.
Alternatively, mutations in regulatory genes could cause the gene to be expressed in a different tissue, resulting in modifications of tissue structure. Through these changes in gene expression, major morphological changes can occur, allowing new species to emerge over evolutionary time.
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RLLY EASYY !!! pls help
How does a primary consumer obtain its energy?
Responses
by making its own energy
by breaking down dead organisms
by consuming other consumers
by consuming producers
Answer:
By comsuming other consumers and producers
Explanation:
Unlike producers consumers can't make their own food
11 Some angelfish colors ara determined by codeminance. Possible phenotypes and genotypes of
angelfish colors are shown.
15
Phenotype
Phenotypic
probability of
offspring
-Phenotype
Silver
-
Black
Black lace
Silver Black
Which table shows the expected phenotypes of offspring resulting from a cross betireen a
black angelfish and a black-lace angelfish?
A
50%
Black
Lace
Phenotyple
probability of 50% -50%
offspring
.50%
Black
Phenotype Siver Black Lace
Genotype...
-
F
с
.BB
BL.
Phenotype
Phenotypic
probability of
effspring
Silver Black
2.5%
25%
Silver Black
Black
Lace
50%
Dlack
Lace
Phenotype
Phenotypic
probability of 25% 50% 25%
offspring
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Each of the squares in the Punit Square represents 25% chance in this case. Since 2 are BB then 50% chance of Black. The other two are BL so 50% chance of Black Lace.
Hope this helps! :)
Why are G-protein-coupled receptors referred to as metabotropic receptors?
Answer: because they can trigger widespread metabolic effects. Can someone explain how this is the answer?
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are referred to as metabotropic receptors because they activate intracellular signaling pathways that can lead to widespread metabolic effects.
Unlike ionotropic receptors, which directly open ion channels upon binding to a ligand, GPCRs work indirectly by activating G-proteins, which in turn modulate intracellular enzymes and ion channels.
This signaling cascade can trigger a variety of metabolic effects, including changes in gene expression, enzyme activity, and ion flux, all of which contribute to the cell's overall metabolic state.
The term "metabotropic" comes from the fact that these receptors are involved in regulating metabolism, which refers to the chemical reactions that occur within cells to maintain life.
Metabolism is a complex process that involves the breakdown of nutrients, the synthesis of new molecules, and the production of energy.
GPCRs play a key role in modulating many of these metabolic processes by regulating the release of hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules.
By activating G-proteins, these receptors can trigger a wide range of metabolic effects, making them an important target for drug development in many disease states.
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HELP PLS‼️ *due today* THANK UU
Write T or True if the statement is true; write F or False if the statement is false.
1. All living things are composed of one or more cells. True or False?
2. Vacuoles can store water, nutrients, and waste in animal cells. True or False?
3. DNA is found in the nucleus. True or false?
4. The rough ER does not have ribosomes attached to it. True or False?
This statement is true according to the cell theory. The cell theory is a fundamental scientific theory of biology that states that all living organisms are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. Cells can be either unicellular (consisting of a single cell) or multicellular (consisting of many cells). Cells can only arise from preexisting cells by cell division. The cell theory was first proposed by German scientists Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden in 1838 and later refined by Rudolf Virchow in 1858. The cell theory is one of the core principles of biology that explains the diversity and unity of life.
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This statement is true but not complete. Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that can be found in both animal and plant cells. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. They also play a role in transporting materials into and out of the cell. However, vacuoles can also store water, nutrients, and other substances in animal cells, depending on the needs of the cell. For example, some animal cells have contractile vacuoles that regulate water balance by expelling excess water from the cell1. Some animal cells also have food vacuoles that store nutrients obtained by phagocytosis or pinocytosis. Therefore, a more accurate statement would be: Vacuoles can store water, nutrients, and waste in animal cells, but they also have other functions.
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This statement is true but is also a not complete. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA1. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Therefore, a more accurate statement would be: DNA is mostly found in the nucleus, but also in the mitochondria.
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This statement is false. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a part of the endomembrane system of the cell and a subset of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This organelle is primarily concerned with the synthesis, folding and modification of proteins, especially those that need to be delivered to different organelles within the cell, or secreted from the cell. The rough ER is characterized by the presence of membrane-bound ribosomes that give it a distinctive appearance under the microscope. These ribosomes look like studs and distinguish the organelle from the smooth sections of the ER. Some proteins are also synthesized by strings of ribosomes, called polysomes. Therefore, a correct statement would be: The rough ER does have ribosomes attached to it.
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Scientists want to order the prey found in the flounder stomachs by percent weight. Of the six types of prey found in the stomachs, based on Table 1, which prey would be the third largest? A. Hydrozoa B. Polychaeta C. Crustacea D. Mollusca
Arranging the prey items in descending order of percent weight, we get:
FishAmphipodaCrustaceaMolluscaPolychaetaHydrozoaWhat are the prey?To find the third largest prey found in the flounder stomachs in terms of percent weight, we need to examine the information given in Table 1, which lists the six types of prey found in the stomachs and their corresponding percent weight.
Based on the information given in Table 1, to determine the third largest prey found in the flounder stomachs in terms of percent weight, we need to look at the column "Percent Weight" and arrange the prey items in descending order.
Therefore, the third largest prey found in the flounder stomachs in terms of percent weight is C. Crustacea.
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What are "apophenia" and "the power of suggestion", and how can these things affect our sear for Big Foot?
Answer:
Explanation:
“Apophenia” is the tendency to perceive or believe in a connection or meaningful pattern between random or unrelated things, such as objects, events, numbers, or images. “The power of suggestion” is a psychological term for guiding the thoughts, beliefs, and feelings of another person. It involves bringing your thoughts and perspective into play to solve or advance a course. The power of suggestion describes how people take the ideas given to them and turn them into reality.
In the context of searching for Bigfoot, apophenia could lead people to see patterns or connections in unrelated information that supports their belief in Bigfoot’s existence. The power of suggestion could also play a role in shaping people’s beliefs and expectations about Bigfoot. For example, if someone suggests that a certain piece of evidence is proof of Bigfoot’s existence, it could influence others to believe it as well.
What string of amino acids will form if the original
DNA strand had the following code:
AAGTCATTGCCAGGGTCA
O A. Cysteine, glycine, proline, lysine, threonine,
serine
O B. Threonine, cysteine, glycine, phenylalanine,
lysine, serine
O C. Lysine, serine, leucine, proline, glycine,
serine
D. Phenylalanine, serine, asparagine, glycine,
proline, serine
The string of amino acids that will form from the given DNA strand is:
the correct option is C. Lysine, serine, leucine, proline, glycine, serine
To determine the string of amino acids that will form from the given DNA strand, we need to translate the DNA code into the RNA code and then into the corresponding amino acids using the genetic code.
The RNA code for the given DNA strand would be UUCAGUAACGGTCCCAGU.
Using the genetic code, we can then match each codon to its corresponding amino acid:
UU(C) AG(U) AA(C) G(G) UC(C) GG(A) U(G)
The amino acids for each codon are:
Cysteine, Serine, Lysine, Glycine, Serine, Proline, Valine
Therefore, the string of amino acids that will form from the given DNA strand is:
Lysine, serine, leucine, proline, glycine, serine
So, the correct option is C. Lysine, serine, leucine, proline, glycine, serine
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Plant hormones server as a chemical messenger between cells and tissues. Auxin is a plant hormone that causes the cell on the shady side of a plant shoot to elongate. The response enabled by auxins is known as
Answer:
The response enabled by auxins, specifically the elongation of cells on the shady side of a plant shoot, is known as phototropism.
Explanation:
Phototropism is a plant's response to light, in which the plant grows towards the source of light. Auxins are produced in the apical meristem of the plant, and they are transported downwards through the stem towards the roots. When light shines on a plant, auxins accumulate on the shaded side, causing the cells on that side to elongate more than the cells on the sunny side. This results in the plant bending towards the light source, allowing it to maximize its exposure to light for photosynthesis. Auxins also have other functions in plant growth and development, such as promoting root growth and differentiation and inhibiting lateral bud growth.
A city is powered by energy from coal. the city incorporates the use of biofuels from existing corn crops as an alternate source of energy.
what can be an environmental impact of this change?
a. decrease in biodiversity
b. increase in pollution
c. decrease in carbon emissions
d. increase in surface temperatures
An environmental impact of a city switching from coal to biofuels from existing corn crops as an alternate source of energy can be a decrease in carbon emissions (option c).
When a city switches from using coal as its primary energy source to using biofuels from existing corn crops, it is effectively transitioning from a fossil fuel to a renewable energy source.
Coal, a fossil fuel, releases a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other harmful pollutants when it is burned to produce energy. These carbon emissions contribute to global warming and air pollution. On the other hand, biofuels, such as those derived from corn crops, produce significantly fewer CO2 emissions compared to coal.
This is because biofuels are derived from plants, which absorb CO2 from the atmosphere during their growth. As a result, the overall CO2 emissions are reduced when biofuels are used as an alternative energy source.
In summary, when a city incorporates the use of biofuels from existing corn crops as an alternate source of energy, it leads to a decrease in carbon emissions. This change can have positive impacts on the environment, such as reduced air pollution and mitigation of global warming.
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Which of these was a result of the general acceptance that microorganisms cause desease
One result of the general acceptance that microorganisms cause disease was the development of the germ theory of disease.
The germ theory of disease states that many diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific microorganisms within the body, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This theory revolutionized medical science and had significant implications for public health practices.
The acceptance of the germ theory of disease led to the development of new medical treatments and preventative measures such as vaccines, antibiotics, and sanitation practices that helped to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
It also led to improvements in medical education and research, as scientists and doctors worked to better understand the mechanisms behind the spread and treatment of diseases.
Overall, the acceptance of the germ theory of disease had a profound impact on the field of medicine and helped to improve the health and well-being of people around the world.
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what role does auxin play in phototropism? LMK ASAP
-It produces extra chlorophyll on the bright side of a plant.
-It absorbs additional light on the dark side of a plant
-It shrinks the cells on the bright side of a stem, which causes the stem to bend toward the light.
-It elongates the cells on the dark side of a stem, which causes the stem to bend toward the light
cysts on the kidney can press upon nephrons, increasing the pressure inside the nephrons. how will this affect glomerular filtration rate and blood pressure? cysts on the kidney can press upon nephrons, increasing the pressure inside the nephrons. how will this affect glomerular filtration rate and blood pressure? gfr decreases and blood pressure increases gfr increases and blood pressure decreases gfr decreases and blood pressure decreases gfr increases and blood pressure increases
The way that cysts on the kidney can affect glomerular filtration rate is A. gfr decreases and blood pressure increases.
What is GFR ?The GFR is the amount of fluid filtered by the glomeruli per minute, and it is determined by the pressure in the glomerular capillaries. If the pressure inside the nephrons increases due to cysts on the kidney pressing on them, it will decrease the GFR.
This is because the increased pressure will cause a reduction in the net filtration pressure, which will, in turn, reduce the amount of fluid filtered through the glomeruli.
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