The technique that allows one to quickly advance the read-out of the observed optical rotation is known as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
It is a technique that uses infrared light to observe the absorption, emission, and reflection of light in a sample. In FTIR spectroscopy, a beam of infrared light is passed through a sample, and the amount of light absorbed or reflected is measured. This information is then Fourier transformed to obtain a spectrum that is characteristic of the sample. The FTIR spectrum can be used to identify the molecular structure of the sample.
It is an essential technique in the fields of chemistry, biology, and materials science. It has applications in the analysis of polymers, proteins, and other biomolecules. FTIR spectroscopy is also used in the characterization of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. It is a valuable tool for understanding the molecular structure of materials and for developing new materials with specific properties.
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Please help me explain how the visible spectrum is formed as
a rainbow appears after it rains. In your answer,
explain what white light is composed of?
Answer:
"When sunlight hits a rain droplet, some of the light is reflected. The electromagnetic spectrum is made of light with many different wavelengths, and each is reflected at a different angle. Thus, spectrum is separated, producing a rainbow."
"White light is a combination of all colors in the color spectrum."
Explanation:
A camper walked from point A to point B taking the path shown by the dotted line. What is the approximate distance the camper walked? a. 2.0 miles downhill b. 30 miles downhill c. 2.0 miles uphill d. 30 miles uphill
Therefore, the most reasonable answer is (b) 30 miles downhill distance.
What does the calculation for distance mean?The space between two parallel lines is also known as their perpendicular distance. Consider the two parallel lines y = mx + c1 and y = mx + c2 to be one line. Let d represent the separation between the two lines. The following formula can be used to determine the minimum distance between two non-intersecting lines: d = | C 1 − C 2 | A 2 + B 2.
What are distance, its SI measurement, and its definition?The metre is the metric measure of length. Long distances can be counted in kilometers, while short distances can be gauged in centimetres (cm). (km). For instance, you might estimate the distance in centimetres between the bottom and top of a piece of paper and the kilometres between your home and school.
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filters allow light to pass through. polaroid filters are very selective about the orientation of the light vibrations that are allowed through. the light that passes through a polaroid filter is vibrating in a direction that is . a. parallel to the orientation of the molecules that make up the alignment b. parallel to the polarization axis or transmission axis of the filter c. parallel to the ceiling or the sky (if the source of light is on the ceiling or in the sky) d. always horizontal, regardless of what the light source is
The light that passes through a polaroid filter is vibrating in a direction that is parallel to the polarization axis or transmission axis of the filter. Option b is correct.
Polaroid filters are made up of long-chain molecules that are aligned in a particular direction. These molecules only allow light waves that vibrate parallel to their alignment to pass through the filter.
The orientation of the light waves that pass through the filter is perpendicular to the polarization axis or transmission axis of the filter. Therefore, the light that passes through a polaroid filter is vibrating in a direction that is parallel to the polarization axis or transmission axis of the filter. Hence option b is correct choice.
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Describe a type of force actung at a distance where the force is not gravitational
Answer:
Explanation:
One example of a force acting at a distance that is not gravitational is the electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force is responsible for the interaction between electrically charged particles, such as protons and electrons. This force can attract or repel particles depending on their charges, and it can act over long distances. For example, the electromagnetic force is responsible for the attraction between the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons in an atom, as well as the interaction between magnets.
why would it be a dangerous mistake for a bungee jumper to use a steel cable rather than an elastic cord?
Using a steel cable instead of an elastic cord for bungee jumping is a dangerous mistake due to the differences in elasticity, flexibility, weight, and comfort between the two materials. The elastic cord is specifically designed to ensure a safe and enjoyable bungee jumping experience, while a steel cable could lead to serious injuries.
A bungee jumper using a steel cable instead of an elastic cord would be a dangerous mistake for several reasons:
1. Absorption of impact force: Elastic cords are specifically designed to stretch and absorb the force of the jumper's fall, reducing the risk of injury. Steel cables, on the other hand, do not have the same elasticity, causing a sudden stop that could result in severe injuries.
2. Flexibility: Elastic cords are more flexible than steel cables, allowing for smoother jumps and minimizing the chances of getting tangled or twisted during the jump.
3. Weight: Steel cables are much heavier than elastic cords, making them more difficult to handle and transport. Additionally, the increased weight could affect the jumper's freefall speed, potentially increasing the risk of injury.
4. Comfort: An elastic cord provides a smoother, more comfortable experience for the jumper, while a steel cable would cause a jarring, abrupt stop that could be extremely uncomfortable and potentially harmful.
In summary, using a steel cable instead of an elastic cord for bungee jumping is a dangerous mistake due to the differences in elasticity, flexibility, weight, and comfort between the two materials. The elastic cord is specifically designed to ensure a safe and enjoyable bungee jumping experience, while a steel cable could lead to serious injuries.
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Look at the graph. What is the slope of the line?
Answer: B. 2
Explanation:
We will use the given formula to find the slope. Then, we will solve by substituting two points and simplifying.
[tex]\displaystyle \frac{y_{2} -y_{1} }{x_{2} -x_{1} } =\frac{8-4}{4-2}=\frac{4}{2} =2[/tex]
At first glance it may seem like a slope of one, but then we notice that the x-axis and y-axis have different scales. The slope of the line is 2.
Sample Response: The work-energy theorem describes work as the change in energy brought about by the change in velocity. When the velocity of an object increases, the environment has done work on the object and the energy of that object is increased. When the velocity of an object decreases, the object has done work on the environment and the energy of the object is decreased. What did you include in your response? Check all that apply. Work is the change in energy brought about by a change in velocity. When the velocity of an object increases, the environment has done work on the object and the energy of that object is increased. When the velocity of an object decreases, the object has done work on the environment and the energy of the object is decreased.
The correct responses are:
1. Work is the change in energy brought about by a change in velocity.
2. When the velocity of an object increases, the environment has done work on the object and the energy of that object is increased.
3. When the velocity of an object decreases, the object has done work on the environment and the energy of the object is decreased.
The work-energy theorem is a fundamental principle in physics that relates the work done on an object to the change in its kinetic energy. It says that an object's net work is equivalent to the change in its kinetic energy. In other words, work is a measure of how much energy is transferred to or from an object.
When an object's velocity increases, it means that it has gained kinetic energy. According to the work-energy theorem, this increase in kinetic energy is equal to the work done on the object by the environment. For example, if you push a ball on the ground, the force you exert on the ball does work on it, increasing its kinetic energy and causing its velocity to increase.
On the other hand, when an object's velocity decreases, it means that it has lost kinetic energy. In this case, the object has done work on the environment.
For example, if you throw a ball upwards, the ball will eventually stop moving and fall back down. As it rises, its velocity decreases and it loses kinetic energy. This loss of kinetic energy is equal to the work done by the force of gravity on the ball.
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unit 3 progress check frq ap phyics
bro there's no question
A tennis ball is a hollow sphere with a thin wall. It is set rolling without slipping at 4.14 m/s on a horizontal section of a track as shown in the figure below. It rolls around the inside of a vertical circular loop of radius r = 47.6 cm. As the ball nears the bottom of the loop, the shape of the track deviates from a perfect circle so that the ball leaves the track at a point h = 15.0 cm below the horizontal section. (a) Find the ball's speed (in m/s) at the top of the loop. m/s (b) Find its speed (in m/s) as it leaves the track at the bottom of the diagram. m/s (c) What If? Suppose that static friction between ball and track were negligible so that the ball slid instead of rolling. Describe the speed of the ball at the top of the loop in this situation. -higher -lower -the same The ball never makes it to the top of the loop.
The speed of the ball as it leaves the track at the bottom of the diagram is 2.34 m/s.(c) If the static friction between the ball and track were negligible so that the ball slid instead of rolling, the speed of the ball at the top of the loop would be lower. This is because the ball would lose some of its kinetic energy due to friction with the track, resulting in a lower speed at the top of the loop.
When answering questions on the Brainly platform, it is important to be factually accurate, professional, and friendly. It is also important to be concise and provide relevant details to support your answer. Typos and irrelevant parts of the question should not be ignored, as they can impact the accuracy of your answer.
In this specific question, the given information is:A tennis ball is a hollow sphere with a thin wall. It is set rolling without slipping at 4.14 m/s on a horizontal section of a track as shown in the figure below. It rolls around the inside of a vertical circular loop of radius r = 47.6 cm. As the ball nears the bottom of the loop,
the shape of the track deviates from a perfect circle so that the ball leaves the track at a point h = 15.0 cm below the horizontal section.The answer to each part of the question is given below:
(a) The speed of the ball at the top of the loop can be found using the principle of conservation of energy. The initial kinetic energy of the ball is given as:Initial Kinetic Energy = (1/2)mv²where m is the mass of the ball and v is its velocity.
Since the ball is set rolling without slipping, the rotational kinetic energy is also given as:(1/2)Iω²where I is the moment of inertia of the ball and ω is its angular velocity.Since the ball is not slipping, the velocity can be related to the angular velocity as:
v = rωwhere r is the radius of the loop.Using the conservation of energy principle, we can write:Initial Kinetic Energy + Initial Potential Energy = Final Kinetic Energy + Final Potential Energywhere potential energy is given as mgh, where h is the height above the reference level.Using this equation, we get:v² = 2gh + r²ω²Substituting ω with v/r and simplifying,
we get:v = √(2gh + r²(v/r)²)The ball reaches the top of the loop when h = 2r, which gives:v = √(4gr + r²v²/r²) = r√(4g/r + v²)Plugging in the values, we get:v = √(4*9.81*0.476 + 4.14²) = 5.67 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the ball at the top of the loop is 5.67 m/s.(b) The speed of the ball as it leaves the track at the bottom of the loop can also be found using the principle of conservation of energy.
At the bottom of the loop, the ball has lost some of its gravitational potential energy due to the deviation of the track from a perfect circle. Therefore, we can write:Initial Kinetic Energy + Initial Potential Energy = Final Kinetic Energy + Final Potential Energywhere the final potential energy is mgh - mv²/2g,
where h is the height above the reference level, and v is the velocity of the ball.Using this equation, we get:v² = 2gh - 2gh (r/h) + r²/r - r²/h²Substituting the values, we get:v = √(2*9.81*0.15 - 2*9.81*0.476 + 0.476 - 0.476²/0.15²) = 2.34 m/s
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if the fuel pellets in spent fuel rods do not have the plutonium removed, how long must that high-level radioactive waste be stored before it is considered safe
If the fuel pellets in spent fuel rods do not have the plutonium removed, the high-level radioactive waste must be stored for approximately 10,000 years before it is considered safe.
What is radioactive? Radioactive means that the nucleus of an atom is unstable and is continuously decaying to form a different nucleus, emitting radiation in the process. This radiation can be in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.What are fuel pellets?Fuel pellets are a type of fuel that is made of small cylinders or pellets that have been compressed from natural uranium, mixed oxide, or plutonium dioxide powder. These pellets are then loaded into fuel rods to produce energy in nuclear reactors.What is plutonium?Plutonium is a radioactive, silvery-grey metallic element that is a by-product of nuclear fission reactions. It is a highly toxic substance and is considered one of the most dangerous materials on Earth because it can cause cancer and other diseases if ingested or inhaled.How long must the high-level radioactive waste be stored before it is considered safe?High-level radioactive waste from nuclear reactors must be stored for thousands of years before it is considered safe. This is because the waste is highly radioactive and can remain dangerous for a very long time. If the fuel pellets in spent fuel rods do not have the plutonium removed, the high-level radioactive waste must be stored for approximately 10,000 years before it is considered safe.
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what is the wavewhat is the wavelength (in nm) for light that has a frequency of 517 thz while traveling through a vacuum?
Explanation:
517 THz = 5.17 x 10^14 Hz
speed of light = wavelength * frequency
3 x 10^8 m/s = wavelength * 5.17 x 10^14 Hz
wavelength = 5.8 x 10 ^-7 m
= 580 x 10^-9 m = 580 nm
The wavelength of light with a frequency of 517 THz while traveling through a vacuum is 579.2 nm.
The speed of light in a vacuum is constant, which is approximately 299,792,458 meters per second. The relationship between the speed of light (c), frequency (f), and wavelength (λ) is given by the equation c = λf.
To find the wavelength, we can rearrange the equation to solve for λ: λ = c / f.
Substituting the values, we have λ = (299,792,458 m/s) / (517 x 10¹² Hz).
To convert meters (m) to nanometers (nm), we can multiply by 10⁹, so the wavelength is λ = (299,792,458 x 10⁹ nm/s) / (517 x 10¹² Hz) = 579.2 nm.
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a straight wire produces a magnetic field of 4 t at a distance of 4 cm from the wire. what is the magnetic field at a distance of 8 cm from the wire? group of answer choices 4 t
The magnetic field at a distance of 8 cm from the wire is 2 T.
The magnetic field at a distance of 8 cm from a straight wire can be determined using the formula for the magnetic field produced by a straight wire:
B = μ₀I / (2πr), where B is the magnetic field, μ₀ is the permeability of free space, I is the current in the wire, and r is the distance from the wire.
Given that the magnetic field is 4 T at a distance of 4 cm, we can first find the current in the wire:
4 T = μ₀I / (2π(0.04 m))
Now, we can use the same formula to find the magnetic field at a distance of 8 cm (0.08 m):
B = μ₀I / (2π(0.08 m))
Since the current in the wire is the same, we can notice that the only difference between the two equations is the distance (r). The relationship between the magnetic field and distance is inverse, so when the distance is doubled (from 0.04 m to 0.08 m), the magnetic field will be halved.
Therefore, the magnetic field at a distance of 8 cm from the wire is 4 T / 2 = 2 T.
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the cable is moved so that it is attached to a different point on the pole. if the new vertical force exerted by the wall is 0 n, where is the cable attached?
The cable is attached to the pole at the same height as the point where it connects to the wall. This creates a completely horizontal force and results in a 0 N vertical force exerted by the wall.
To determine where the cable is attached when the new vertical force exerted by the wall is 0 N, follow these steps:
1. Understand the situation: The cable is attached to a pole and exerts a vertical force on the wall. If the vertical force becomes 0 N, it means that the force is now completely horizontal.
2. Analyze the forces: Since the vertical force is 0 N, the force exerted by the cable must be completely horizontal. This means that the cable is exerting a force parallel to the ground.
3. Determine the attachment point: To exert a completely horizontal force, the cable must be attached to the pole at the same height as the point where it connects to the wall. This ensures that the cable is parallel to the ground, and the vertical force exerted by the wall is 0 N.
In conclusion, the cable is attached to the pole at the same height as the point where it connects to the wall. This creates a completely horizontal force and results in a 0 N vertical force exerted by the wall.
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on an optical bench, a student places a small screen and a light source 54cm apart. the student then slowly moves a lens along the optical bench from the light source toward the screen. the student measures distances of 18cm and 36cm between the lens and the light source at two locations where a clear image is produced on the screen. what kind of lens did the student use, and what is the focal length of the lens?
The lens is a converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm.
The situation described in the problem is consistent with the use of a converging lens, which is also called a convex lens. When a converging lens is placed between a light source and a screen, it can form a real image of the light source on the screen.
The distance between the lens and the light source at which the image is formed depends on the focal length of the lens and the distance between the lens and the screen.
Let's call the focal length of the lens "f", the distance between the light source and the lens "d₁", and the distance between the lens and the screen "d₂". According to thin lens equation;
1/f = 1/d₁ + 1/d₂
When the lens is positioned at the first location where a clear image is produced on the screen, the distances are;
d₁ = 18 cm
d₂ = 54 - 18 = 36 cm
Plugging these values into the thin lens equation, we get;
1/f = 1/18 + 1/36
1/f = 1/12
f = 12 cm
Therefore, the focal length of the lens will be 12 cm.
When the lens is positioned at the second location where a clear image is produced on the screen, the distances are;
d₁ = 36 cm
d₂ = 54 - 36 = 18 cm
Plugging these values into the thin lens equation, we get;
1/f = 1/36 + 1/18
1/f = 3/36
1/f = 1/12
f = 12 cm
This confirms that the lens is a converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm.
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A car travels 500 km in 3.5 hrs
A) What is it’s average speed?
B) How far will it travel in 5 hr?
C) How long will it take to travel 750 km?
Answer:
A) The average speed of the car is given by the formula:
average speed = distance / time
where distance is measured in kilometers (km) and time is measured in hours (hr).
In this case, the distance is 500 km and the time is 3.5 hrs. Therefore,
average speed = 500 km / 3.5 hrs = 142.857 km/hr (rounded to three decimal places)
Therefore, the average speed of the car is 142.857 km/hr.
B) To find out how far the car will travel in 5 hours, we can use the average speed calculated above.
distance = average speed x time
where time is measured in hours (hr).
In this case, the time is 5 hrs. Therefore,
distance = 142.857 km/hr x 5 hrs = 714.285 km (rounded to three decimal places)
Therefore, the car will travel approximately 714.285 km in 5 hours.
C) To find out how long it will take to travel 750 km, we can use the average speed calculated above.
time = distance / average speed
where distance is measured in kilometers (km) and average speed is measured in kilometers per hour (km/hr).
In this case, the distance is 750 km. Therefore,
time = 750 km / 142.857 km/hr = 5.25 hrs (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, it will take approximately 5.25 hours to travel 750 km
a system consisting of blocks, a light frictionless pulley, a frictionless incline, and very light connecting wires is shown in the gure. the 9.0-kg block accelerates downward when the system is released gently from rest. what is the tension in the wire connecting the two blocks on the incline?
The tension in the wire connecting the two blocks on the incline is approximately 10.8 N.
Since the system is released gently from rest, can assume that the acceleration of both blocks is the same and is given by:
a = (m1-m2)g / (m1+m2)
where m1 and m2 are the masses of the two blocks and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
Substituting the given values, can get:
a = (9.0 kg - 4.0 kg) * 9.81 m/s^2 / (9.0 kg + 4.0 kg) ≈ 3.08 m/s^2
Since the 4.0 kg block is on an incline, its weight can be resolved into components parallel and perpendicular to the incline. The perpendicular component is balanced by the normal force from the incline, so the net force acting on the 4.0 kg block is:
Fnet = m2g sin θ - T
where θ is the angle of the incline and T is the tension in the wire connecting the two blocks.
Using Newton's second law, can write:
Fnet = m2a
m2g sin θ - T = m2a
4.0 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * sin 30° - T = 4.0 kg * 3.08 m/s^2
T ≈ 10.8 N
Therefore, the tension in the wire connecting the two blocks on the incline would be approximately 10.8 N.
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A 0.45 kg stone is thrown at an initial velocity of 23.1 m/s [R 32o U]. Assuming the stone undergoes projectile motion, how much kinetic energy does it have at the top of its flight?
Answer:
To solve this problem, we need to use the conservation of energy principle. At the top of its flight, the stone has zero kinetic energy and only potential energy due to its position above the ground. Therefore, we can calculate the potential energy and then use the conservation of energy to find the kinetic energy at the top of its flight. The gravitational potential energy of an object is given by the formula: PE = mgh where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the object above the ground. The stone is thrown at an angle of 32 degrees above the horizontal, so its maximum height can be found using the formula: h = (v^2 * sin^2θ) / (2g) where v is the initial velocity, θ is the angle of projection, and g is the acceleration due to gravity
if light consisted of classical particles and was sent through a double slit, the pattern on the wall would be which of the following? a single bright fringe dependent on the size of the slit an interference pattern of light and dark fringes a large round dot a bright blob with no distinct shape if light is actually a wave that only behaves like a particle in certain situations then, when light passes through a double slit, the pattern on the wall would be which of the following? a single bright fringe dependent on the size of the slit an interference pattern of light and dark fringes a large round dot two lines proportional to the shape of the two slits
When light passes through a double slit, the pattern on the wall would be an interference pattern of light and dark fringes.
If light consisted of classical particles and was sent through a double slit, the pattern on the wall would be a bright blob with no distinct shape. If light is actually a wave that only behaves like a particle in certain situations then, when light passes through a double slit, the pattern on the wall would be an interference pattern of light and dark fringes.What is a double slit?A double-slit experiment is an experiment that demonstrates the wave-like nature of light. Light passes through two small slits that are positioned close together in a double-slit experiment. Two waves emerge from the two slits and interact with each other, producing an interference pattern on a screen. The pattern will consist of a series of alternating bright and dark fringes, known as interference fringes.
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9. a 6 kw lathe can move an iron block at a constant speed by applying a force of 5.2 kn. find the speed of the block.
The speed of the iron block is approximately 1.15 m/s.
To find the speed of the iron block, we can use the formula for power, which is:
Power = Force × Speed
We are given the power (6 kW) and the force (5.2 kN), so we can solve for the speed.
Step 1: Convert the given values to the same unit.
Power: 6 kW = 6,000 W
Force: 5.2 kN = 5,200 N
Step 2: Rearrange the formula to solve for speed.
Speed = Power / Force
Step 3: Plug in the values and calculate the speed.
Speed = 6,000 W / 5,200 N = 1.1538461538461539 m/s
Therefore, the speed of the iron block is approximately 1.15 m/s.
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pls help
Problem 1:
The 2022 Tesla Model S Plaid can accelerate from 0-60 mph in 2.28 seconds. How many g’s does the
driver experience during this acceleration? How far does the car travel to hit 60 mph?
The driver experiences about 0.835 g, g-force during the acceleration. and the car travels about 49.8 meters (163 feet) to hit 60 mph.
What is g-force?
To calculate the g-force experienced by the driver during the acceleration, we need to use the formula:
g-force = acceleration due to gravity / acceleration of the car
The acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s², or 32.2 ft/s².
The acceleration of the car can be calculated by converting the acceleration from 0-60 mph to meters per second squared (m/s²). We can use the following formula to convert:
a = (v_f - v_i) / t
where:
a = acceleration
v_f = final velocity (60 mph in this case, which is 26.8 m/s)
v_i = initial velocity (0 mph in this case, which is 0 m/s)
t = time taken to reach final velocity (2.28 seconds in this case)
Plugging in the values, we get:
a = (26.8 m/s - 0 m/s) / 2.28 s
a ≈ 11.75 m/s²
Now we can calculate the g-force experienced by the driver:
g-force = 9.81 m/s² / 11.75 m/s²
g-force ≈ 0.835 g
Therefore, the driver experiences about 0.835 g during the acceleration.
To calculate the distance traveled by the car to hit 60 mph, we can use the following formula:
d = v_i * t + 0.5 * a * t²
where:
d = distance traveled
v_i = initial velocity (0 mph in this case, which is 0 m/s)
t = time taken to reach final velocity (2.28 seconds in this case)
a = acceleration (11.75 m/s²)
Plugging in the values, we get:
d = 0 m/s * 2.28 s + 0.5 * 11.75 m/s² * (2.28 s)²
d ≈ 49.8 m
Therefore, the car travels about 49.8 meters (163 feet) to hit 60 mph.
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Complete question is: The 2022 Tesla Model S Plaid can accelerate from 0-60 mph in 2.28 seconds. The driver experiences about 0.835 g, g-force during the acceleration. and the car travels about 49.8 meters (163 feet) to hit 60 mph.
a passenger weighs 897 n at the weight-guessing booth on the ground. what is his apparent weight at the lowest point on the ferris wheel?
The passenger's apparent weight at the lowest point on the Ferris wheel can be calculated using the formula given below.
Apparent weight = True weight - (density of fluid x volume of the fluid displaced)`` `Where True weight = 897 N` Density of fluid = density of air `Volume of fluid displaced = 0At the lowest point on the Ferris wheel, the passenger experiences maximum weight or a sensation of heaviness. This is because the passenger's weight is equal to the sum of his mass and the centripetal force acting on him. We can thus calculate the passenger's weight or apparent weight at the lowest point on the Ferris wheel using the formula given below.` Apparent weight = True weight + centripetal force`` `Where; `True weight = 897 N `Centripetal force = (mass x velocity²) / radius Let's now calculate the centripetal force;` Centripetal force = (mass x velocity²) / radius = (897 N / 9.81 m/s²) x (2π x 0.84 m / 10 s)² / 0.84 m` `= 32.94 N` Substituting this value in the formula for apparent weight,` Apparent weight = True weight + centripetal force` `= 897 N + 32.94 N` `= 929 N` Therefore, the passenger's apparent weight at the lowest point on the Ferris wheel is 929 N.
At the lowest point of the ferris wheel, the passenger's apparent weight will be the same as their actual weight. Therefore, the apparent weight at the lowest point is 897 N.
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select each of the true statements below think about initial/final states! what's a conservative force? a. the kinetic energy can never be negative. b. spring a is stiffer than b ( ). a person must do less work on the block connected to spring a if both springs are ideal and the blocks are pulled by the same amount. c. the work a person must do to raise a box onto a platform does not depend on how fast it is raised. d. the kinetic energy of an object depends on the reference frame of the observer. e. if the moon revolves around earth in a perfectly circular orbit, then earth does do work on the moon. f. the friction force is a non-conservative force. g. work can be done in the absence of motion. h. the kinetic energy of an object does not depend on the direction of the motion involved. i. none of the above.
The true statements according to initial/final states are : the kinetic energy can never be negative, the work a person must do to raise a box onto a platform does not depend on how fast it is raised. the kinetic energy of an object depends on the reference frame of the observer. the kinetic energy of an object does not depend on the direction of the motion involved. The correct options are a,c, d, h
The kinetic energy can never be negative: The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. The kinetic energy is always positive or zero because it is proportional to the square of the speed, and the speed cannot be negative.
The work a person must do to raise a box onto a platform does not depend on how fast it is raised: When a person raises a box onto a platform, the work done depends only on the initial and final states of the box-platform system, which are determined by the gravitational potential energy difference. The speed at which the box is raised does not affect the work done.
The kinetic energy of an object depends on the reference frame of the observer: The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. The kinetic energy depends on the speed of the object, which is relative to the observer's reference frame.
The kinetic energy of an object does not depend on the direction of the motion involved: The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. The kinetic energy depends only on the speed of the object and not on the direction of motion.
Therefore, options a,c,d and h are true.
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1.15 The speed of light in Crown glass is greater than its speed in
so the answer is easy it's air
you tie a cord to a pail of water, and you swing the pail in a vertical circle of radius 0.600 m. what minimum speed must you give the pail at the highest point of the circle if no water is to spill from it?
When you tie a cord to a pail of water and swing it in a vertical circle of radius 0.600 m, the minimum speed you should give the pail so that no water is to spill is calculated using conservation of energy which is 3.43 m/s.
Mechanical energy conservation can be expressed as follows:Ei = Ef where Ei is the initial energy of the system and Ef is the final energy of the system. We'll set the lowest point of the circle as the reference point. Then, for the initial and final positions, we obtain: Ei = KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf where KEi and KEf are the kinetic energies of the water at the initial and final positions, respectively, while PEi and PEf are the potential energies of the water at the initial and final positions, respectively, while PEi and PEf are the potential energies of the water at the initial and final positions, respectively.
When the water reaches the top of the circle, its velocity is zero because it reaches a maximum height at the top of the circle. As a result, we can neglect the final kinetic energy (KEf). Hence,Ei = KEi + PEi = PEfWe can solve for the initial velocity (v) using the law of conservation of energy. Initial gravitational potential energy is equal to initial kinetic energy. Therefore, mgh = 1/2 mv² where m is the mass of the water in the pail, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height of the highest point of the circle, and v is the minimum velocity required to keep the water in the pail.
The minimum velocity at the highest point can be found by rearranging this equation: V = √2gh where, V = minimum velocity, h = 0.600 mg = 9.81 m/s². So, we get, V = √2gh = √(2 × 9.81 × 0.600) = 3.43 m/s. Therefore, the minimum velocity to prevent water from spilling from the pail is 3.43 m/s.
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what is the angular momentum of a 0.270-kg ball revolving on the end of a thin string in a circle of radius 1.35 m at an angular speed of 10.4 rad/s?
the angular momentum of a 0.270-kg ball revolving on the end of a thin string in a circle of radius 1.35 m at an angular speed of 10.4 rad/s is approximately 5.11 kg*m²/s.
The angular momentum (L) of an object can be calculated using the formula L = Iω, where I is the moment of inertia and ω is the angular speed. For a point mass (like the ball) moving in a circle, the moment of inertia (I) can be calculated using the formula I = mr², where m is the mass and r is the radius of the circle.
In this case, the mass (m) of the ball is 0.270 kg, the radius (r) of the circle is 1.35 m, and the angular speed (ω) is 10.4 rad/s.
First, calculate the moment of inertia (I):
I = mr² = (0.270 kg) * (1.35 m)² = 0.270 kg * 1.8225 m² = 0.491475 kg*m²
Next, calculate the angular momentum (L):
L = Iω = (0.491475 kg*m²) * (10.4 rad/s) = 5.11054 kg*m²/s
Therefore, the angular momentum of the 0.270-kg ball revolving on the end of a thin string in a circle of radius 1.35 m at an angular speed of 10.4 rad/s is approximately 5.11 kg*m²/s.
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as the person climbs the ladder, what happens to the magnitude of the normal contact force acting on the top end of the ladder due to the wall as long as the ladder doesn't slip?
As the person climbs the ladder, the magnitude of the normal contact force acting on the top end of the ladder due to the wall increases, as long as the ladder doesn't slip.
This is because the normal force acting on the ladder is a reaction force to the weight of the ladder and the person. As the person climbs higher up the ladder, the weight of the person+ladder system also increases. This results in an increase in the force required to maintain static equilibrium, which is provided by the normal force from the wall acting on the ladder. However, if the coefficient of static friction between the ladder and the wall is not high enough, the ladder may slip and the normal force acting on the ladder will decrease. But as long as the ladder doesn't slip, the magnitude of the normal contact force acting on the top end of the ladder due to the wall will increase as the person climbs higher up the ladder.
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which of the following explains why the stars visible in our sky just after sunset are different from those visible just before sunrise? group of answer choices stars appear to move randomly relative to our sun in the local solar neighborhood. the direction of earth's axis in space processes with a period of about 26,000 years. earth orbits the sun once each year. the universe is expanding. earth rotates once each day.
The correct answer is "Earth rotates once each day." This explains about explains why the stars visible in our sky just after sunset are different from those visible just before sunrise.
The reason why the stars visible in our sky just after sunset are different from those visible just before sunrise is that Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.
As Earth rotates, different parts of the sky come into view, while others disappear below the horizon. So, as the Earth rotates, the stars visible in the sky change throughout the night.
Additionally, Earth's orbit around the Sun causes the position of the stars to shift slightly over the course of the year, but this motion is much slower than the rotation of the Earth and is not the primary reason for the difference in the stars visible before sunrise and after sunset.
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a cosmic catastrophic event occurred that caused the tilt of the earth's axis relative to its plane of orbit to increase from 23.5 degrees to 90 degrees. the most obvious effect of this change would be * 5 points a) the elimination of trade winds. b) an increase in the length of night. c) an increase in the length of a year. d) the elimination of seasonal variation.
The cosmic catastrophic event that occurred, which caused the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its plane of orbit to increase from 23.5 degrees to 90 degrees, the most obvious effect of this change would be d. the elimination of seasonal variation.
Seasonal variation refers to the occurrence of climatic conditions that can be seen to vary from one season to the next. This seasonal variation is brought about by the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its plane of orbit, which results in the hemispheres receiving different amounts of sunlight at different times of the year. This results in the appearance of seasons such as winter, spring, summer, and fall. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees relative to its plane of orbit around the sun. This angle results in the Earth's axis always pointing in the same direction as it orbits the sun, resulting in seasonal variation.
In the absence of this tilt, there would be no seasonal variation, the most noticeable effect of the increased tilt of the Earth's axis from 23.5 degrees to 90 degrees would be the elimination of seasonal variation, as there would no longer be any change in the amount of sunlight that the hemispheres receive. Therefore, option d) the elimination of seasonal variation would be the correct answer.
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The apparatus shown in Figure 1 is used to measure the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water. The
balance reading decreased from 0.152 kg to 0.144 kg in the time taken to supply 18 400 I of energy to
the boiling water. Use the data to calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water.
The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2,300,000 J/kg.
To calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water
we need to use the formula:
L = Q/m
Where
L is the specific latent heat of vaporisationQ is the energy supplied to the waterm is the mass of water that is vaporizedFrom the information given, we know that 18,400 J of energy was supplied to the boiling water. We can calculate the mass of water that was vaporized using the change in mass on the balance:
m = 0.152 kg - 0.144 kg = 0.008 kg
Now we can substitute these values into the formula to find the specific latent heat of vaporisation:
L = Q/m = 18,400 J / 0.008 kg = 2,300,000 J/kg
Therefore, the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2,300,000 J/kg.
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determine the total force and the absolute pressure on the bottom of a swimming pool 24.0 m by 8.5 m whose uniform depth is 1.8 m. (b) what will be the absolute pressure against the side of the pool near the bottom?
The absolute pressure against the side of the pool near the bottom is 19,620 Pa.
(a) To determine the total force and the absolute pressure on the bottom of the swimming pool, we need to use the formula for pressure at a depth in a fluid:
P = ρgh
where P is the pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth of the fluid.
Assuming that the swimming pool is filled with water, we can use the density of water at room temperature, which is approximately 1000 kg/m^3. We can also use the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.81 m/s^2.
The depth of the water in the swimming pool is 1.8 m. Therefore, the pressure at the bottom of the swimming pool is:
P = ρgh = (1000 kg/m^3)(9.81 m/s^2)(1.8 m) = 17,676 Pa
To determine the total force on the bottom of the swimming pool, we need to multiply the pressure by the area of the bottom of the pool.
F = PA = (17,676 Pa)(24.0 m)(8.5 m) = 4,053,936 N
Therefore, the total force on the bottom of the swimming pool is 4,053,936 N, and the absolute pressure is 17,676 Pa.
(b) To determine the absolute pressure against the side of the pool near the bottom, we can use the same formula as before, but this time we need to use the depth from the surface of the water to the side of the pool:
P = ρgh = (1000 kg/m^3)(9.81 m/s^2)(1.8 m + 0.5 m) = 19,620 Pa
where we added 0.5 m to account for the height of the side of the pool above the water surface.
Therefore, the absolute pressure against the side of the pool near the bottom is 19,620 Pa.
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