Entropy and the inefficiency of energy transfer are part of __________________. the first law of thermodynamics the second law of thermodynamics the third law of thermodynamics system resiliency feedback systems

The energy that is released for the breaking of bonds is 229 kJ/mol.

We should be able to recall that the enthalpy of the reaction taken to be the energy that is evolved or absorbed in the reaction that is ongoing. We have to note that in the course of the reaction there would be the breaking and the making of bonds.

Now we know that;

The bond energy can be given as;

Sum energy of the broken bonds of reactants  - Sum of the energy of the formed bonds

Hence;

(945 + 498) - 2(607)

1443 - 1214

= 229 kJ/mol

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Answer:

1. Hydrogen ions; acidic

2. Alkali; hydroxide ions; alkaline

3a. Sulfuric acid --> 2 Hydrogen ions + sulfate ion

H₂SO₄ --> 2H+ + SO₄²-

3b. Sodium hydroxide --> Sodium ion + Hydroxide ion

NaOH --> Na+ + OH-

Explanation:

1. Sulfuric acid releases hydrogen ions in solution. This makes the solution acidic.

Acids produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in aqueous solutions.

2. Sodium hydroxide is an alkali. It releases hydroxide ions in solution. This makes the solution alkaline.

Alkalis are soluble bases that produce hydroxide ions in solution.

3a. Sulfuric acid --> 2 Hydrogen ions + sulfate ions

H₂SO₄ --> 2H+ + SO₄²-

The equation above is for the ionization of sulfuric acid

b. Sodium hydroxide --> Sodium ion + Hydroxide ion

NaOH --> Na+ + OH-

The equation above is for the ionization of sodium hydroxide

Answer:a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound. a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together

Explanation:

To determine the pressure of a gas, we need to use the ideal gas law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

We can re-arrange the ideal gas law to solve for pressure:

P = (nRT) / V

We are given that the density of the gas is 3.10 g/L, which we can use to calculate the volume of the gas. Density is defined as mass/volume, so we can rearrange the equation to find volume:

V = mass/density

We know the density is 3.10 g/L, and the mass is n * molar mass of N2O.

Molar mass of N2O = (14.01 + 2 * 16.00) g/mol = 44.01 g/mol

The volume of the gas is:

V = mass / density = n * molar mass of N2O / 3.10 g/L

Now we have all the information needed to use the ideal gas law to determine the pressure of the gas.

We are given that the temperature of the gas is 298K.

We can use the ideal gas constant R = 0.0821 Latm/molK

Plugging in the known values:

P = (nRT) / V = (n * 0.0821 Latm/molK * 298K) / (n * molar mass of N2O / 3.10 g/L)

P = (0.0821 * 298) / (44.01 / 3.10) atm

To convert the pressure in atm to mmHg, we need to multiply the pressure by 760 (1 atm = 760 mmHg)

P = (0.0821 * 298) / (44.01 / 3.10) * 760 mmHg

The pressure of the N2O gas is approximately 739.07 mmHg at 298K and density of 3.10 g/L.

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Answer:

1. Vinegar.

2. a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

* Hypertonic

* isotonic

* hypotonic

AThe half-life of an isotope is the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay. If the half-life of a sample of uranium-234 is 2.5 * 10^5 years, it means that after 2.5 * 10^5 years, half of the atoms in the sample will have decayed.

If you want to know how long it will take for only one sixth of the original mass to be left, you can use the following formula:

t = (half-life) * log(2) / log(1/6)

Plugging in the values, we get:

t = (2.5 * 10^5 years) * log(2) / log(1/6)

This simplifies to:

t = 3.7 * 10^5 years

So it will take approximately 3.7 * 10^5 years for only one sixth of the original mass to be left.nswer:

Corrosion is the process of chemical or electrochemical attack of materials by their external environment.

The tendency/resistance of different metals to corrosion largely depends on the composition of the metal. Iron and steel corrode in the presence of oxygen due to oxidation, while some metals such as chromium, nickel and molybdenum provide a protective layer of oxide film on the surface of the metal which is then resistant to corrosion. Other metals such as aluminum and zinc form sacrificial oxide layers which corrode and protect the metal from becoming completely damaged.

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 40 grams of O₂ are needed to react with 0.50 moles of C₂H₂.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 C₂H₂ + 5 O₂ → 4 CO₂ + 2 H₂O

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The following rule of three can be applied: if by stoichiometry of the reaction 2 moles of C₂H₂ react with 160 grams of O₂, 0.50 moles of C₂H₂ react with how much mass of O₂?

[tex]mass of O_{2} =\frac{0.50 moles of C_{2} H_{2}x160 grams of O_{2} }{2 moles of C_{2} H_{2}}[/tex]

mass of O₂= 40 grams

Finally, 40 grams of O₂ are needed to react with 0.50 moles of C₂H₂.

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Answer:

The primary reason why cars in Mombasa rust faster than those in Nairobi is because the humidity ( water evaporation rate) in Mombasa is higher than that of Nairobi. Since Mombasa has higher temperatures the rate of water evaporation is higher which results into a higer humidity.

Explanation:

This is why cars in Mombasa rust faster than those in Nairobi

The equilibrium concentration of B is 0.325 mol/L.

The correct option is B.

The equilibrium concentration of B in the given reaction is calculated below as follows:

The concentration of A at equilibrium, [A]  = 0.246 mol/L

Constructing an ICE table

          A(g)     +      2B (g)   →      C(g)

I         2 mole         3 moles           -

C      0.524            1.048            0.524

E        0.246         (3 - 1.048) / 6

From the equation of the reaction:

(2 - x) / 6L  =  0.246 mol/L

2 - x = 0.246 * 6

2 - x = 1.476

x = 2 - 1.476

x = 0.524 moles

[B] = (3 - 1.048) / 6

[B] = 0.325 mol/L

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Complete question:

For the reaction given below, 2.00 moles of A and 3.00 moles of B are placed in a 6.00-L container.

A(g) + 2B(g) C(g)

At equilibrium, the concentration of A is 0.246 mol/L. What is the concentration of B at equilibrium? A) 0.246 mol/L B) 0.325 mol/L C) 0.500 mol/L D) 0.492 mol/L E) none of these

A solute is a species that dissolves within a liquid solvent to form a solution—a single, uniform mixture. The total volume of the solution can be expressed in liters.

The total amount of solute contained within can be expressed as a number of moles. The solute concentration in molarity is calculated by combining these two values. The molarity is expressed in "mol/L" according to the required calculation, though it is frequently written in "M" units.

The amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). Molarity is the ratio of a solute's moles to liters of solution. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.

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The following substances does not exist in the indicated solid type : c.) SiO₂- molecular.

SiO2 is a covalent solid and the solid state of silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a covalent crystal with sharing of valence electrons between the silicon atom and oxygen atoms.

Silicon dioxide is a silicon oxide made of linear triatomic molecules in which silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens. Silicon dioxide which is often called silica is the main compound found in sand.

Silicon dioxide is not soluble in water as the interaction between SiO2 and water molecules is not sufficient to overcome the strong and extensive covalent bonds in giant molecule.

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The following geometry for the complex ion [Fe(en)Cl4] is : octahedral.

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule in three dimensions is known as molecular geometry, commonly referred to as the molecular structure. A compound's polarity, reactivity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and biological activity can be determined by knowing its molecular structure.

Tetrahedral molecular geometry is present here (e.g. CH4). Trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry results from having three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons (e.g. NH3). The geometry of the molecule is angular or curved if there are two bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons (e.g. H2O).

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Answer:

13.6 g

Explanation:

The mass of BeF₂ present in 655 ml of a solution that is 0.442 M is equal to 13.82 g.

We can calculate the concentration of a solute in a solution in terms of molarity, molality, and normality.

The molarity of a particular solution can be determined from the number of moles of a solute per unit volume of the solution.

The Molarity of the particular solution can be determined from the mathematical formula mentioned below:

Molarity = Moles/Volume of the Solution

Given, the molarity of BeF₂ solution = 0.442 M

The volume of the BeF₂ solution, V = 655 ml = 0.655 L

The molar mass of the BeF₂, M = 47.01 g/mol

Molarity of BeF₂ solution = m/(M × V)

0.442 = m/ (47.01 × 0.655)

m = 13.82 g

Therefore, 13.82 g of BeF₂ is required for the given solution.

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Remove dry chemicals.Remove contaminated clothing or jewelry. Bandage the burn. Rinse again if needed.

the amount of harm to the skin relies upon on how strong the chemical was, how lots of it become at the skin, and how long it become there. Chemical burns, even minor ones, can be very painful. A minor burn may heal inside a few days. however a extra extreme burn might also take weeks or maybe months to heal completely.you need to now not use ice, or even ice-bloodless water, on a burn. extreme cold carried out to a burn can further damage the tissue. to properly cool and clean a burn, remove any apparel that covers it.

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The two quantities in this module for which we will develop unit factors to do dimensional analysis with chemical substances are mass (usually measured in grams) and volume (usually measured in liters).

Unit factors are developed to convert between two different units of measurement, in this case, mass and volume. We can do this by multiplying the given value by the appropriate unit factor to convert the given value from one unit to the other. For example, if we are given a mass of 10 grams, we can convert this to liters using the unit factor 1 gram = 1 liter. Thus, 10 grams = 10 liters.

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Answer:

"457.2 mm.Hg" is the right solution.

Explanation:

Given:

Pressure,

[tex]P_1=600 \ mm.Hg[/tex]

[tex]P_2 = ?\\[/tex]

Volume,

[tex]V_1=70.0 \ L[/tex]

[tex]V_2=90.0 \ L[/tex]

Temperature,

[tex]T_1=20^{\circ}[/tex]

or,

   [tex]=293 \ K[/tex]

[tex]T_2=15.0^{\circ}[/tex]

or,

    [tex]=288 \ K[/tex]

As we know,

⇒  [tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} =\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

By putting all the given values in the above expression, we get

⇒  [tex]\frac{0.789\times 70}{293} =\frac{P_2\times 90}{288}[/tex]

⇒  [tex]0.188=\frac{P_2\times 90}{288}[/tex]

By applying cross-multiplication, we get

⇒  [tex]P_2=\frac{0.188\times 288}{90}[/tex]

⇒       [tex]=\frac{54.144}{90}[/tex]

⇒       [tex]=0.6016 \ atm[/tex]

or,

⇒       [tex]=457.2 \ mm.Hg[/tex]

An atom that has 13 protons and 14 neutrons will have mass number 27.

Rutherford demonstrated that an atom's nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons, contains the vast bulk of the atom's mass. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is referred to as the mass number. The number of protons(atomic number) and neutrons and their sum can be used to compute it.

We know that,

Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

= 13 + 14 = 27.

The mass number  is 27.

Therefore  an atom that have 13 protons and 14 neutrons will have mass number 27.

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Answer: distance to epicenter: 7600 km, s-wave travel time: 20 minutes

Answer:

Question: What is heat?

Answer: Heat is a form of energy It can be transferred but not destroyed and is the energy that flows from a hotter object to a less hot to a cold one due to a temperature difference between the objects, meaning an object would continually be cold unless it acquires heat from a hot object or source through heat transfer mechanisms which can be conduction, convection, or radiation, and it is measured usually in calories or joules.

Question: In which direction does heat flow?

Answer: Heat practically flows from a hot object which has a higher temperature to a cold object which temperature is lower through conduction, convection, radiation.

Question: What does thermochemistry involve?

Answer: Thermochemistry is the study of heat as a form of energy making it possible to determine the relationship between heat and chemical reactions which is necessary to know if a reaction would take place or not.

Question: How do we measure heat?

Answer: it is measured usually in calories or joules using thermometers and pyrometers.

Explanation:

Causes of climate change are:

1.)Smoke from Vehicles and industrial activities

2.) Burning of polythenes.

3.) Because of green house effect

Effects are:

1.) Extinction of birds,plants and animals

2.) Melting of glaciers

3.) Rise in global temperature

There would be 13.9 moles of the water.

We know that we could be able to use the Avogadro's number so as to determine the number of the molecules. this would stem from the postulation that one  mole of the substances would in it about 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of the water.

We would now be able to say based on the information that have been passed above in the question;

1 mole of water would contain 6.02 * 10^23 molecules of the water

x moles of water would contain 8.37 x 10^24 molecules

x = 8.37 x 10^24 molecules * 1/6.02 * 10^23

x = 13.9 moles

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

A weak acid and a strong base will form a basic salt.

Option A is acidic, this pH would be found in salts formed from reactions between strong acids and weak bases.

B and C are neutral or close to neutral and as such will be formed from weak acids and weak bases, or strong acids and strong bases.

Answer:

Yea what they said^

Explanation:

Option 4 or D is correct

8.7 is your answer

MARK THE OTHER PERSON BRAINLIEST!!!

Iron has a BCC crystal structure, an atomic radius of 0. 124 nm, and an atomic weight of 55. 85 g/mol. its theoretical density is 7.9 g /cm³.

The molar mass of the iron = 55.85 g/mol

The atomic radius = 0.124 nm

the edge length is given as :

a = (4r) / √3

a = ( 4 × 0.124 × 10⁻⁷ cm ) / √3

a = 2.86 × 10⁻⁸ cm

The density is given below :

density = ( Z × M ) / Na × a³

density = ( 2 × 55.85 ) / (6.023 ×10²³) × ( 2.86 × 10⁻⁸ )

density = 7.9 g/cm³

Thus the theoretical density is 7.9 g/cm³.

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Answer:

electron are on the outside of the nucleus and form rings

Explanation:

Given :

Mass of gold ( Au ) is 212 gram.

To Find :

Atoms of gold present in 212 gram of gold.

Solution :

Molecular mass of gold is 197 gram.

So, number of moles of gold in 212 gram is :

[tex]n = \dfrac{212}{197} \ moles\\\\n = 1.076 \ moles[/tex]

Now, we know 1 mole of any element contains [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] atoms.

So, number of atoms present in 1.076 moles are :

[tex]N = 1.076 \times 6.022\times 10^{23}\\\\N = 6.48 \times 10^{23}[/tex]

Hence, this is the required solution.