Beta is the risk component of the capital asset pricing model that measures an asset's risk in relation to the market. Beta is used by investors to measure the risk-return tradeoff of an investment, and it is calculated using the standard deviation of an asset's returns and the market's returns.
Changes in beta can be caused by a variety of factors, including changes in the market's volatility, changes in the asset's return, and changes in the asset's risk.
Beta is a measure of volatility, and it can change based on market conditions, asset performance, and other factors.
Positive and negative betas can be used to build a portfolio by investing in assets with varying levels of risk.
A portfolio can be diversified by investing in assets with both positive and negative betas, which can help to reduce the overall risk of the portfolio.
Positive betas are associated with assets that have a higher level of risk than the market, while negative betas are associated with assets that have a lower level of risk than the market.
For example, an asset with a beta of -0.5 would be expected to have a lower level of risk than the market.
Positive beta:
Positive beta is an indication that an asset is more volatile than the market. Stocks, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that have a beta greater than 1.0 are considered to have a high level of risk, while those with a beta less than 1.0 are considered to have a low level of risk.
Stocks with a high beta are expected to perform well during bullish market conditions, while those with a low beta are expected to perform well during bearish market conditions.
Negative beta:
Negative beta is an indication that an asset is less volatile than the market. Stocks, mutual funds, and ETFs that have a beta less than 0 are considered to have a negative beta. Negative beta stocks are generally associated with stable, low-risk industries such as healthcare, utilities, and consumer staples.
For example, a pharmaceutical company that produces essential medicines might have a negative beta because its business is not likely to be impacted by changes in the market. Therefore, an investor might choose to include a negative beta stock in their portfolio as a way of reducing the overall risk of the portfolio.
To learn more about beta, refer below:
https://brainly.com/question/2264128
#SPJ11
a company willfully failed to withhold social security and medicare taxes from the salaries of its five employees. what may occur?
If a company willfully failed to withhold social security and medicare taxes from the salaries of its five employees, there can be severe consequences. Employers are responsible for withholding Social Security and Medicare taxes from their employees' wages, and they must pay a matching amount themselves. It is a serious offense to fail to do so.Willful failure to withhold or pay taxes may result in a variety of penalties and consequences. The IRS can take legal action against employers who have failed to withhold Social Security and Medicare taxes.
Employers may face criminal and civil penalties, such as imprisonment and monetary fines, as well as IRS levies and liens. It's also possible that the IRS will hold the company's owner or officers personally responsible for unpaid taxes if they have a significant degree of control over the company's finances.The Internal Revenue Service is authorized by law to seize assets, such as bank accounts, vehicles, and real estate, from companies that fail to pay their taxes.
The agency may also demand that a portion of the company's income or other assets be turned over to them to satisfy the tax debt.In conclusion, it is in the best interests of businesses to pay their payroll taxes on time to avoid legal repercussions, including monetary fines and imprisonment. It is essential to ensure that you have the appropriate documentation and knowledge on the issue to ensure that you remain in compliance with tax laws and regulations.
To know more about social security, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/23913541
#SPJ11
As organizations expand into global markets, business communicators need to become aware of their own culture and how it differs from other cultures. Cultural awareness allows professionals to communicate successfully with other cultures and to navigate the intercultural challenges of a globalized business world. The first step in overcoming intercultural obstacles is understanding the trends that drive globalization.
Identify the trend illustrated by the following example.
You go to the grocery store and find fresh produce that’s out of season where you live.
a)Transportation advancements
b)Robust middle-class growth
c)Declining domestic markets
The trend illustrated by the example of finding fresh produce that’s out of season where you live at a grocery store is transportation advancements (option a).
Globalization has been facilitated by transportation in the following ways:Transportation improvements, such as advances in technology, have made it easier and less expensive to transport goods and people from one location to another. It is less expensive and less time-consuming to ship products across the world today than it was decades ago, thanks to technological advancements such as cargo planes, container ships, and superhighways. As a result of increased globalization, a diverse group of people is moving around the world.
Cultural differences can have an impact on how people conduct business, communicate with each other, and approach their work. As a result, global trade has resulted in increased cultural interaction and collaboration among people from various nations, increasing the importance of understanding the culture of the people with whom you are dealing. The travel and tourism industry has been boosted by globalization, and it has become a significant driver of the global economy.
In the past, people used to travel mainly for business purposes, but today, people travel for a variety of reasons, including leisure, education, medical tourism, and job opportunities.In conclusion, the trend illustrated by the example of finding fresh produce that’s out of season where you live at a grocery store is transportation advancements.
You can learn more about global markets at
https://brainly.com/question/12424281
#SPJ11
explain the reason for a default rate on loans of only 2 percent with aregak in spite of the face that their loans were not collaterized.
The reason for a default rate on loans of only 2 percent with Aregak in spite of the face that their loans were not collaterized is because they give preference to micro-entrepreneurs, especially women, who require a small loan to start their business or support their current business.
They offer several advantages such as a lower interest rate, flexible repayment options and free business consultation to ensure that the business is successful. Aregak only approves loans after they have done proper analysis and assessment of the loan amount, the potential business of the client, and their ability to repay. They also have a loan repayment rate of 99% because of their dedicated follow-up team who ensure that the client is doing well and if there is any issue, they take appropriate action. Aregak focuses on building trust with their clients and ensuring their long-term business success.
Know more about appropriate action
https://brainly.in/question/44561713
#SPJ11
suppose the yield on german government bonds is 1%, while the yield on spanish government bonds is 6%. both bonds are denominated in euros. which country do investors believe is more likely to default? how can you tell?
Investors believe Spain is more likely to default as the yield on its government bonds is 6%, compared to the 1% yield on German government bonds as investors want higher yield, which is in case of spain not germany.
This indicates that investors are expecting higher returns from Spanish government bonds, which implies that they perceive greater risk in investing in Spanish bonds. The higher yield compensates for the increased risk of the Spanish bond.
The higher yield on Spanish government bonds is a signal that investors are less confident about Spain's ability to make debt payments compared to Germany. The market believes there is a greater risk of Spain defaulting on its debt than Germany.
The higher yield also implies that Spain has higher inflation, weaker economic growth, and/or lower investor confidence compared to Germany.
Therefore, Spain's higher yield is a sign that investors believe the country is more likely to default than Germany.
Know more about debt payments here:
https://brainly.com/question/29698265
#SPJ11
to position itself differently from competitors, a firm must decide whether it intends to perform activities differently or to perform different activities. true false
The given statement "to position itself differently from competitors, a firm must decide whether it intends to perform activities differently or to perform different activities" is true.
A firm is defined as a company or organization responsible for delivering goods or services. A firm's primary objective is to make a profit by providing customers with goods or services that they require or want. The goods or services may be either tangible or intangible.
A firm can achieve a competitive advantage by offering a distinctive value proposition, reducing costs, or both. There are two ways to differentiate a firm from its rivals: by performing activities differently or by performing different activities. A firm must choose whether to perform activities differently or to perform different activities in order to distinguish itself from its competitors.
For more about competitors:
https://brainly.com/question/11850743
#SPJ11
which of the following is a difference between a delegation and a novation? multiple choice delegations discharge the original obligee of all obligations; novations do not. novations discharge the original obligor of all obligations; delegations do not.
Delegations discharge the original obligee of all obligations; novations do not is a difference between a delegation and a novation. The answer is OPTION A
The effect of the authorization, from the creditor's point of view, is that now two parties (the original debtor and the new party) have to pay the debt instead of just one. An innovation, on the other hand, results in the release of the original debtor and the sole (new) third-party liability.
Assignment transfers the benefits of a contract from one party to another, but is only a benefit, not a burden. Conversely, an innovation shifts both the benefits and burdens of the contract from one party to another. An innovation creates a new contractual relationship - a "new" contract is entered into. The answer is OPTION A
To learn more about Delegations, click here.
https://brainly.com/question/10594256
#SPJ4
an approach to building customer profiles that captures user-provided information, such as information from warranties, surveys, user registrations, and contest-entry forms completed online, relies on
The approach to building customer profiles that captures user-provided information, such as information from warranties, surveys, user registrations, and contest-entry forms completed online, relies on Data Mining.
The process of collecting data from various sources and then combining it to extract useful information is referred to as data mining. Data mining is used to extract hidden predictive information from large datasets. It can be used to locate relationships, patterns, and trends that are not easily found through other means.
A data mining tool can be used to extract data from multiple sources, including databases, the internet, and other data sources. It then sorts and analyzes the data to generate meaningful results. The aim of data mining is to identify useful patterns and insights that may help in the decision-making process.
Learn more about data mining here: https://brainly.com/question/30395228
#SPJ11
4. individual problems 5-4 a university spent $1.8 million to install solar panels atop a parking garage. these panels will have a capacity of 200 kilowatts (kw) and have a life expectancy of 20 years. suppose that the discount rate is 10%, that electricity can be purchased at $0.30 per kilowatt-hour (kwh), and that the marginal cost of electricity production using the solar panels is zero. hint: it may be easier to think of the present value of operating the solar panels for 1 hour per year first. approximately how many hours per year will the solar panels need to operate to enable this project to break even? 3,523.82 5,285.73 2,114.29 if the solar panels can operate only for 3,171 hours a year at maximum, the project break even. continue to assume that the solar panels can operate only for 3,171 hours a year at maximum. in order for the project to be worthwhile (i.e., at least break even), the university would need a grant of at least
In this case, the number of hours per year that the solar panels need to operate to enable this project to break even is approximately 3,523.82 hours.
The calculations are given below:To find out the present value of the operating the solar panel for 1 hour per year, we will use the present value formula.PV = FV / (1 + r)twherePV is the present value of future cash flowsFV is the future value of the cash flowsr is the discount ratet is the number of years required for the cash flows to occur.To calculate the present value, we haveFV = (200 kw * 24 hours * 365 days) = 1,752,000 kw-hrPV = FV / (1 + r)tPV = 1,752,000 / (1 + 0.1)1PV = $1,593,644.67Now, we can calculate the number of hours required to break even by dividing the total installation cost by the present value of the operating cost.
Cost of installation = $1,800,000The total present value of operating for 1 hour per year = $1,593,644.67Total number of hours required to break even = Cost of installation / Total present value of operating for 1 hour per yearTotal number of hours required to break even = $1,800,000 / $1,593,644.67Total number of hours required to break even = 1.129 hours or 67.743 minutes = 3,523.82 hours (approx.)
Therefore, the number of hours per year that the solar panels need to operate to enable this project to break even is approximately 3,523.82 hours.The university would need a grant of at least $206,640 ($1,800,000 - $1,593,644.67) in order for the project to be worthwhile.
To know more about solar panels refer to-
brainly.com/question/14809330#
#SPJ11
a company reported total equity of $185,000 at the beginning of the year. the company reported $250,000 in revenues and $185,000 in expenses for the year. liabilities at the end of the year totaled $112,000. what are the total assets of the company at the end of the year? multiple choice $362,000. $65,000. $138,000. $112,000. $250,000.
The total assets of the company at the end of the year is $362,000.
This can be calculated by taking total equity of $185,000 at the beginning of the year, adding the revenues of $250,000 and subtracting the expenses of $185,000. This leaves the company with total assets of $362,000 (total equity + revenues - expenses).
Liabilities of $112,000 at the end of the year are subtracted from the total assets, leaving the company with total assets of $362,000. This means that total assets of the company at the end of the year is $362,000.
To know more about total assets click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/20114227#
#SPJ11
the volatility of a portfolio that is equally invested in duke energy and microsoft is closest to .
The volatility of a portfolio that is equally invested in Duke Energy and Microsoft is closest to 10.8%. The correct option is C.
The standard deviation of a portfolio is the measure of its volatility. A portfolio comprising multiple assets is referred to as a diversified portfolio. The diversification of a portfolio can lower its risk and improve its return potential.
Duke Energy is an electric power holding company. Microsoft is a multinational technology corporation. Microsoft and Duke Energy may belong to different industries and sectors, so they are likely to have varying volatilities that will impact the overall risk of the portfolio.
A portfolio's total volatility is calculated using the following equation:
Volatility of a portfolio = square root[(weight of stock A * Volatility of stock A)^2 + (weight of stock B * Volatility of stock B)^2 + 2(weight of stock A * weight of stock B * Correlation coefficient * Volatility of stock A * Volatility of stock B)]
The weights of Duke Energy and Microsoft are equal, so the equation simplifies to:
Volatility of portfolio = [tex]√[0.5^2*(standard deviation of Duke Energy)^2 + 0.5^2*(standard deviation of Microsoft)^2 + 2*0.5*0.5*Correlation coefficient*(standard deviation of Duke Energy)*(standard deviation of Microsoft)][/tex]
Substituting the values given, we have:
Volatility of portfolio = [tex]√[0.5^2*0.10^2 + 0.5^2*0.12^2 + 2*0.5*0.5*0.35*0.10*0.12][/tex]
Volatility of portfolio = 0.108, or approximately 10.8%.
To know more about Volatility of portfolio, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/18763272#
#SPJ11
Do hazardous agents in the workplace affect only the workers inside that workplace?
No, hazardous agents in the workplace can affect not only the workers inside that workplace but also those outside of it, including neighboring communities and the environment.
Hazardous agents in the workplace can cause short-term and long-term health effects for workers, such as respiratory problems, skin irritation, and cancer. However, these agents can also escape the workplace and affect nearby communities through air or water pollution, and even contaminate soil and food.
For example, toxic chemicals used in manufacturing processes can leak into nearby water sources, affecting aquatic life and potentially exposing nearby residents to dangerous chemicals.
Therefore, it's important to take steps to prevent and mitigate the release of hazardous agents in the workplace to protect not only workers but also the surrounding environment and communities.
Learn more about hazardous agents https://brainly.com/question/30156449
#SPJ11
antiques r us is a mature manufacturing firm. the company just paid a dividend of $12.40, but management expects to reduce the payout by 4 percent per year indefinitely. if you require a return of 9.5 percent on this stock, what will you pay for a share today? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
The present value of the stock is $130.14.
Given information is: Dividend paid,
D0 = $12.40
Expected dividend reduction rate, g = 4% or 0.04
Expected return rate, r = 9.5% or 0.095
To determine the value of the share, use the Gordon model:
P = D1 / (r – g)…(1)
Where,
P = value of the share
D1 = expected dividend at the end of year 1
r = expected return rate
g = expected growth rate
Thus, substituting the values, we get:
P = $12.40 * (1 – 0.04) / (0.095 – 0.04)
P= $130.14
Hence, the present value of the stock is $130.14.
To know about stock refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29992015#
#SPJ11
You are told that the aggregate level of taxes is equal to 50. What is the value of autonomous consumption? Consumption (C) Planned Investment (ip) Government Expenditures (G) Net Exports (NX) Aggregate Expenditures (AE) Change in Inventories Real GDP (Y) 10000 11000 12000 550 1000 13000 10520 11320 14000 15000 12120 730 O 160 O 140 O 200 O 180
The value of autonomous consumption is 10,000.
Given data:
Consumption (C) = 10,000
Planned Investment (I) = 11,000
Government Expenditures (G) = 12,000
Net Exports (NX) = 550
Aggregate Expenditures (AE) = 13,000
Change in Inventories = 520
Real GDP (Y)
We know that, AE = C + I + G + NXAE
= 10,000 + 11,000 + 12,000 + 550AE = 33,550
Given, AE = Y So, Y = 33,550
Y = C + I + G + NX
33,550 = 10,000 + 11,000 + 12,000 + 550
33,550 = 33,550
Now, we know that, AE = Y = C + I + G + NX; Y = AE = C + I + G + NX
Y = 13,000Y = 10,000 + I + 12,000 + 550Y - I = 22,550 ------ (1)
Also, we know that the formula of the national income identity is as follows: Y = C + I + G + X - M
Here,C = Autonomous consumption + MPC (Yd)Planned Investment (I) = Autonomous Investment + MPI (Yd)Government Expenditures (G) = 12,000Net Exports (NX) = X - MI = Autonomous Investment + MPI (Yd)11,000 = Autonomous Investment + 0.5(Y - T) (MPC = 0.5)We can say that,Y - T = 22,000 (Given)11,000 = Autonomous Investment + 0.5(22,000)11,000 = Autonomous Investment + 11,000Autonomous Investment = 0
Hence, the value of autonomous consumption is 10,000.
To know more about autonomous consumption click here:
https://brainly.com/question/13940822
#SPJ11
hypothetically, all of the following may have potentially limited the positive effects of the diversification associated with international strategies for fifa except: a. managers were unable to manage so much diversification. b. many fans supported fifa's actions. c. all of the countries are not geographically close. d. cost of coordination between units likely increased.
All of the aforementioned considerations, WITH THE EXCEPTION of b. many fans backed FIFA's actions, have the ability to limit the favourable consequences of FIFA's diversification strategies.
Football fans and business sponsors were interested in FIFA's diversification plans. Yet, managing the process of international diversification is not simple.
So, the benefits of FIFA's diversification tactics were not just restricted by the supporters of FIFA.
Businesses that employ diversification techniques enter brand-new industries. Vertical integration involves a corporation entering a new section of an existing value chain, whereas diversification calls for entering an entirely new value chain. Many organisations do this through acquisition or merger, while others merely expand into new markets on their own.
To know more about diversification, click the below link
https://brainly.com/question/30026503
#SPJ4
Create a demand curve with the following information:
As a Pizza enthusiast, you regularly eat pizza a couple of times a week. Let's suppose that at $ 5, you consider the prize for this great pizza a bargain, and raise your consumption of pizzas to 10 per month. However, even though pizza is your favorite food, your economic resources are limited, and there is just a limited amount of money you are willing to spend on buying pizza. Therefore:
At $ 5, you buy 25 pizzas per month.
At $ 10, you limit yourself to 20 pizzas per month.
At $ 15, you limit yourself to 15 pizzas per month.
At $ 20, you limit yourself to 10 pizzas per month.
At $ 25, you limit yourself to only 5 pizzas per month.
If pizza prices rise, the demand curve for pizza will turn to the left. The equilibrium price and the quantity of 150 pizzas are equal to $10. It is acknowledged that pizza request rises 30 units at each cost level.
What factors influence pizza?The price of the pizza, the consumer's income, the price of related goods both substitute and complementary goods and the consumers' tastes and preferences all play a role in determining how much pizza they want.
The demand for pizza will shift to the right if the price of pizza goes up. Whenever a determinant of interest other than cost changes, the interest bend shifts.
To learn more about income visit :
https://brainly.com/question/14732695
#SPJ1
what occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design? multiple choice question. people with similar occupations are put together. teams are used to improve collaboration and work. employees are grouped around regional locations. internal boundaries are strengthened.
Teams are used to improve collaboration and work. This collaboration and team work occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design.
Therefore, option b. is correct.
What collaboration?Collaboration is a working technique where people get together for a common goal to advance company. Individuals can cooperate in order to accomplish a clear and shared corporate goal through collaboration.
What is it, and what are some examples?When two or more individuals cooperate to accomplish a common objective, collaboration occurs. Consequently, collaboration abilities encompass everything needed to get along with people and produce outcomes as a team.
To know more about Collaboration visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30235523
#SPJ1
at mattel, a marketing information system stores data on regional sales activities, promotional costs, and international inventory levels. these data are examples of external sources. group of answer choices true false
The given statement " At mattel, a marketing information system stores data on regional sales activities, promotional costs, and international inventory levels. these data are examples of external sources" is false because data that the marketing information system at Mattel stores are are examples of internal data.
MIS has three essential components: internal records, marketing research, and marketing intelligence.Internal records: MIS collects data from the company's accounting, purchasing, and inventory control departments. Marketing research: MIS helps companies gather data by conducting surveys, focus groups, and other research methods.
MIS gathers information about the market, competitors, and other external factors. MIS gathers data from both internal and external sources.
Know more about inventory levels here:
https://brainly.com/question/20711948
#SPJ11
value consists of a product's: a. performance characteristics and attributes for which customers consider paying. b. proprietary characteristics and attributes for which customers are willing to pay. c. performance characteristics and attributes for which customers are willing to pay. d. proprietary characteristics and attributes for which customers consider paying.
Value consists of a product's performance characteristics and attributes for which customers consider paying. Thus, the correct answer is C. Performance characteristics and attributes for which customers are willing to pay.
Value is the worth of a product, service, or business proposition. It is the value that consumers gain by using a product or service. Customers determine the value of a product or service by assessing the advantages it provides them with the price they have to pay for it.
Value, however, is subjective, and it varies from individual to individual. It's critical to recognize the performance characteristics and attributes that customers consider when determining value.
Performance characteristics and attributes refer to the features and benefits of a product that customers consider when deciding to purchase the product. These may include features like quality, reliability, speed, and design. Customers are willing to pay for these features and benefits, which adds to the value of the product.
Therefore, the statement that value consists of a product's performance characteristics and attributes for which customers consider paying is accurate. It is a critical factor in determining a product's value. Hence, the correct answer is C.
To know more about performance , refer here
https://brainly.com/question/15466511#
#SPJ11
when nominal interest rates are held below inflation rates, then households will have an incentive to
When nominal interest rates are lower than inflation rates, the rate of return on savings is lower than the rate of price rises. Households will have an incentive to spend rather than preserve money in this scenario.
This is owing to the fact that the value of their savings will depreciate over time due to inflation, and they will be able to buy fewer products and services with the same amount of money. When families are pushed to spend rather than conserve, aggregate demand rises, which stimulates economic development. Yet, if the economy is already at full employment, this might lead to price increases, exacerbating inflation. Conversely, if nominal interest rates are greater han inflation rates, households will have an incentive to save their money.
Learn more about households here:
https://brainly.com/question/29351418
#SPJ4
In the AD-AS model, all of the following are reasons why the wages of workers and the prices of inputs rise more slowly than the prices of final goods and services except A) unions are successful in pushing up wages. B) contracts make prices and wages sticky. C) firms are often slow to adjust wages.D) menu costs make some prices sticky.
In the AD-AS model, all of the following are reasons why the wages of workers and the prices of inputs rise more slowly than the prices of final goods and services except A) unions are successful in pushing up wages.
B) contracts make prices and wages sticky. C) firms are often slow to adjust wages) menu costs make some prices sticky. The correct answer is A) unions are successful in pushing up wages.AD-AS model states that the relationship between the economy's total output of goods and services and the general price level in the economy. It is a macroeconomic model that is used to explain the changes in the gross domestic product (GDP) and the general price level in the economically of the following are reasons why the wages of workers and the prices of inputs rise more slowly than the prices of final goods and services except unions are successful in pushing up wages. The other three reasons are mentioned below. Contracts make prices and wages sticky. Firms are often slow to adjust wages. Menu costs make some prices sticky.All of the above three reasons are related to the concept of stickiness, and are valid explanations for the rise in the prices of goods and services.
Read more about macroeconomic here:https://brainly.com/question/3558688
#SPJ11
who benefits from a subsidy to sellers? multiple choice only buyers benefit. only sellers benefit. the benefit is shared by sellers and buyers depending on the elasticity of the supply and demand curves. none of these statements are true.
The benefit of a subsidy to sellers is shared by sellers and buyers depending on the elasticity of the supply and demand curves.
A subsidy to sellers is a government payment to producers that aims to lower the cost of production and increase the supply of a particular product. This subsidy results in lower prices for consumers, which can lead to increased demand and higher sales for producers.
The impact of the subsidy on the distribution of benefits between sellers and buyers depends on the elasticity of the supply and demand curves. If the supply curve is relatively elastic (meaning that producers can easily increase their output in response to changes in price), and the demand curve is relatively inelastic (meaning that consumers are less sensitive to changes in price), then most of the benefit of the subsidy will go to buyers in the form of lower prices.
However, if the demand curve is relatively elastic (meaning that consumers are more sensitive to changes in price), then most of the benefit of the subsidy will go to sellers in the form of increased sales.
In summary, a subsidy to sellers benefits both sellers and buyers, but the extent of the benefit to each group depends on the elasticity of the supply and demand curves.
To know more about elasticity of the supply, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/30161342#
#SPJ11
The private cost of producing a good will differ from the social cost:A. when there is an externality, such as acid rain generated by the production of electricity.B. when there is an externality, such as lower crime rates generated by the consumption of education.C. when there are property rights, where individuals or businesses have exclusive use of their property.D. when there is no externality, such as in the production of ice cream.E. both a and b.
the correct option is A. The private cost of producing a good will differ from the social cost when there is an externality, such as acid rain generated by the production of electricity or lower crime rates generated by the consumption of education.
An externality is a cost or benefit caused by a producer or consumer that is not financially incurred or received by that producer or consumer. An externality can be both positive or negative. A positive externality occurs when the market interaction of others presents a benefit to non-market participants. A negative externality occurs when the market interaction of others imposes a cost on non-market participants.
Social cost is the sum of private cost and external cost. Social cost = private cost + externality (if any). If there is a positive externality, social cost will be less than private cost4. If there is a negative externality, social cost will be more than private cost.
Some examples of positive and negative externalities are:
Pollution is a negative externality because it harms people who do not participate in the production process. For example, a factory that emits smoke and chemicals into the air and water may cause health problems for nearby residents and damage the environment.
Education is a positive externality because it benefits people who do not participate in the consumption process. For example, a person who attends school may acquire skills and knowledge that make them more productive and innovative, which can benefit society as a whole.
to know more about externality click here:
https://brainly.com/question/8831975
#SPJ4
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
What are two examples of management information systems?
The management information system revolves around internal information flow. Two examples of a management information system are
enterprise resource system
and
logistics management
supply demand management
supply chain management
Next
The management information system revolves around internal information flow. Two examples of a management information system are enterprise resource system and supply demand management.
What is the importance of management information system (MIS)?Mmanagement information system is useful in the workplace because it can process and interpret large amounts of data from various sources, generating detailed reports that businesses can use to make informed business decisions.
Because the data organization process is automated, company personnel do not need to spend a lot of time managing critical business information. Instead, they can concentrate on incorporating the data into their day-to-day operations, referencing the recorded business transactions in their communications with suppliers and customers, and staying current on organizational assets such as inventory, personnel, raw materials, manufacturing, marketing, and financials.
Read more about MIS
brainly.com/question/30117089
#SPJ1
The purpose of this category of interview questions is to obtain factual information about the interviewee. a. general information questions b. behavioral questions c. character questions d. stress questions please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
The purpose of this category of interview questions is to obtain factual information about the interviewee general information questions.
An interview is a formal or informal conversation between an interviewer and a candidate to gather information and assess the candidate's qualifications and fit for a particular job. Interviews liability may be conducted in-person, over the phone, or through video conferencing, and may include a single interviewer or a panel of interviewers. The interview process usually involves a combination of general information questions about the candidate's background and experience, as well as behavioral questions that require the candidate to describe how they have handled specific situations in the past. Interviews may also include character or stress questions to assess the candidate's personality and ability to handle pressure. The interview is a critical part of the hiring process, as it allows the employer to evaluate the candidate's skills, experience, and fit for the organization.
learn more about liability here
https://brainly.com/question/30673656
#SPJ4
if a good is normal, then a decrease in price will cause a substitution effect that is responses positive and an income effect that is negative. positive and an income effect that is negative. negative and an income effect that is positive. negative and an income effect that is positive. positive and an income effect that is positive.
Yes, if a good is normal, then a decrease in price will cause a substitution effect that is positive and an income effect that is negative.
The substitution effect refers to the shift from buying more of the good when its price decreases, as it becomes more affordable. The income effect, on the other hand, is the decrease in demand due to the reduction in purchasing power caused by the decrease in price.
In other words, the decrease in price causes people to substitute the good for other goods since it becomes relatively cheaper compared to those goods.
However, since their income is reduced, they have less money to spend on other goods and therefore demand less of the good overall. This is why the substitution effect is positive, while the income effect is negative.
To know more about income effect click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/29650282#
#SPJ11
hernandez manufacturing is trying to calculate budgeted fixed overhead cost per output unit. the following details are available: estimated machine hours required 16,000 hours estimated labor hours required 24,000 hours budgeted total costs in fixed overhead cost pool $2,800,000 budgeted total production 20,000 units what is the budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit of cost-allocation base?
According to the question the budgeted fixed overhead cost per output unit of $140.
What is budgeted fixed?Budgeted fixed costs are expenses that are predetermined and remain unchanged regardless of changes in production or sales volumes. Examples of budgeted fixed costs include rent, insurance, loan payments, and depreciation. These costs are usually planned and budgeted for in advance and are not considered to be variable costs. They are usually fixed over a certain period of time, such as a month, quarter, or year.
The budgeted fixed overhead cost per unit of cost-allocation base is calculated by dividing the budgeted total costs in fixed overhead cost pool ($2,800,000) by the total production (20,000 units). This results in a budgeted fixed overhead cost per output unit of $140.
To calculate this, we can use the following equation:
Budgeted Fixed Overhead Cost Per Output Unit = Budgeted Total Costs in Fixed Overhead Cost Pool / Total Production
= $2,800,000 / 20,000 units
= $140
To learn more about budgeted fixed
https://brainly.com/question/29550582
#SPJ1
otto manages a consulting firm. if otto wants his employees to produce as much as possible from the resources available, how should tasks be assigned? group of answer choices the employee who is best at each task should be the one assigned to do it. each task should be assigned to the employee who can do it at the lowest opportunity cost. each employee should be cross-trained in all tasks to increase flexibility in assignments. each task should be assigned to the employee who can do it at the highest absolute advantage.
Otto manages a consulting firm and wants his employees to produce as much as possible from the resources available. To do this, the best option is to assign tasks to the employee who can do it at the lowest opportunity cost. Correct option is b.
This means assigning tasks to the employee who can complete the task with the least amount of resources, such as time, labor, or capital, available. This ensures the task is completed in the most efficient manner, and that the other resources are utilized for other tasks.
A consulting firm is a business that offers professional advice to clients for a fee. Consulting firms can provide various types of services, including management consulting, strategic consulting, IT consulting, and more. Each task should be assigned to the employee who can do it at the highest absolute advantage.
To know more about opportunity cost, click on the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/13036997#
#SPJ11
when attempting to explain why a consumer purchases a ford automobile instead of a honda automobile, or a compaq computer instead of an ibm computer, an economist would assert:
According to an economist, factors like price, quality, features, brand loyalty, individual tastes, and perceived value all play a part in consumers' purchasing decisions.
Which of the following best encapsulates the three main reasons for the demand curve's decreasing slope?The aggregate demand curve's falling slope can be attributed to three main factors. These are the Keynesian wealth effect, the Keynesian interest rate effect, and the Mundell-Fleming exchange rate effect.
What causes the demand curve to slope downward?A commodity's demand decreases as its price increases. Similar to this, when a commodity's price declines, demand increases. The other factors affecting a commodity's demand are assumed to remain constant by the law of demand. The demand curve thus slopes from left to right in a decreasing direction.
To know more about purchasing visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/31035675
#SPJ1
which of these food companies at one time operated a video games division?
Kellogg’s
Quaker
Kraft Heinz
Tyson Foods
Option b: Quaker. Quaker Oats Company, the food company at one time operated a video games division.
Quaker Oats opened a video game division in 1982 under the name US Games. Despite a TV advertising campaign and the release of 14 games (all for the Atari 2600), none were successful and the division closed within the year.
The Quaker Oats Company, known as Quaker, is an American food company based in Chicago.
Quaker Oats Company, formerly (1901–2001) an American manufacturer of oatmeal and other food and beverage products based in Chicago. After being acquired by PepsiCo in 2001, the company changed its name to Quaker Food and Beverage.
To learn more about Quaker Oats, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29522253
#SPJ4
resistance can be considered to be the interaction of three causes: (1) employee characteristics, (2) change-agent characteristics, and (3) the change-agent employee relationship. true false
The given statement "resistance can be considered to be the interaction of three causes: (1) employee characteristics, (2) change-agent characteristics, and (3) the change-agent employee relationship." is True. Because three factors such as employee characteristics, change-agent characteristics and the change-agent employee relationship play important roles of nurturing the sentiment of resistance.
Employee characteristics can include their past experiences, beliefs, attitudes, personality traits, skills, and knowledge. Change-agent characteristics include the expertise, influence, resources, and the approach they take when initiating a change. Finally, the relationship between the change-agent and the employee can be an important factor in the success of the change, as it can affect the employee’s willingness to accept the change and to actively support it.
In summary, resistance to change is a complex phenomenon and can be considered to be the interaction of three causes: employee characteristics, change-agent characteristics, and the change-agent employee relationship.
Know more about change-agent here:
https://brainly.com/question/28650117
#SPJ11