Absorption and emission lines are produced in a stellar spectrum due to the interaction of light with the atoms and molecules present in the stellar atmosphere or in an intervening gas cloud.
Explanation:
1. When light from a star passes through its outer layers (the atmosphere), certain wavelengths of light are absorbed by the atoms and molecules present. This causes the creation of absorption lines in the spectrum, which are dark lines at specific wavelengths.
2. Conversely, when atoms and molecules in the star's atmosphere get excited due to various processes (e.g., collisions, heat), they can emit light at specific wavelengths. This leads to the formation of emission lines, which appear as bright lines in the spectrum.
Absorption lines in the spectrum of a star can reveal information about a cloud of cool gas lying between us and the star. By studying these lines, we can determine:
1. The composition of the gas cloud: Different elements and molecules absorb light at specific wavelengths, so the presence of certain absorption lines can indicate which elements or molecules are present in the cloud.
2. The temperature of the gas cloud: The relative strength and width of the absorption lines can give us information about the temperature of the cloud, as the population of excited atoms and molecules depends on temperature.
3. The motion of the gas cloud: If the absorption lines are shifted from their expected positions, this can indicate the motion of the cloud relative to us (the observer) due to the Doppler effect. This can reveal information about the cloud's velocity and direction of motion.
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an electron moves at right angles to a magnetic field of 0.23t. what is its speed if the force exerted on it is 8.9 x 10- 15n?
The electron's speed force is 2.39 x 105 metres per second.
How quickly does one electron move?The electron is moving at a speed of around 2,200 kilometres per second, according to a computation. The Earth can be round in just over 18 seconds at that speed, which is less than 1% of the speed of light.
The following equation describes the force acting on a charged particle travelling in a magnetic field:
F = q v B
where F is the force, q is the particle's charge, v is its speed, and B is the intensity of the magnetic field.
v = F / (q B)
Substituting the values given, we get:
[tex]v = (8.9 x 10^-15 N) / (-1.602 x 10^-19 C)(0.23 T)[/tex]
[tex]v = -2.39 x 10^5 m/s[/tex]
The electron is travelling against the magnetic field, as seen by the electron's sign being negative.
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1
Q
A
Z
6
3.
The following apparatus is set up to investigate stationary sound waves in air,
metal-
plate
(b)
microphone
(a) Explain how stationary waves are produced in the space between the speaker and the metal
13T
Speaker Can Produce stationary
waves easily because everything
can procul int. however a metal
Plate cannot because it's metal
and stationary wave cannot pass metal
Calculate the separation between the nodes when the generator is set to 1700 Hz.
[3]
(Speed of sound in air = 340 ms ¹).
(i)
^=
аду
Speed 340:
Intensity
(arbitrary units)
speaker
0
2
to signal
generator
340
1700
-0.21
(ii) The microphone initially detects no sound. It is then moved at a speed of 5 cms
towards the metal plate for 4 seconds. The intensity of the sound detected by the
microphone is recorded. Sketch, on the grid below, how the intensity varies over the
4 seconds. You are not expected to calculate values of intensity.
131
3
4
Time (seconds)
(iii) What are the points of maximum intensity called?
Total internal reflection
Backspace
D
Delete
Enter
2
In
Answer:
(a) Stationary waves are produced in the space between the speaker and the metal plate by setting up a standing wave pattern through interference between the sound waves emitted by the speaker and the waves reflected back from the metal plate. This interference results in certain points along the wave pattern having a constant phase relationship, causing constructive interference and the formation of stationary waves with nodes (points of minimum amplitude) and antinodes (points of maximum amplitude).
To create a standing wave pattern, the distance between the speaker and the metal plate should be an integer multiple of half-wavelengths of the sound wave being produced. This means that the distance between the nodes (or antinodes) in the standing wave pattern is equal to half the wavelength of the sound wave.
(b) To calculate the separation between the nodes when the generator is set to 1700 Hz, we can use the formula:
λ = v/f
where λ is the wavelength, v is the speed of sound in air (given as 340 m/s), and f is the frequency of the sound wave (given as 1700 Hz).
λ = 340 m/s / 1700 Hz = 0.2 m
The distance between nodes is equal to half the wavelength, so the separation between nodes is:
0.2 m / 2 = 0.1 m
Therefore, the separation between nodes when the generator is set to 1700 Hz is 0.1 m.
(ii) The sketch of the intensity variation over the 4 seconds would show a periodic pattern with alternating maxima and minima. The maxima would occur at intervals corresponding to the time it takes for the microphone to move a distance equal to half the wavelength of the sound wave (since this is where the constructive interference occurs), while the minima would occur at intervals corresponding to the time it takes for the microphone to move a distance equal to a whole wavelength of the sound wave (since this is where the destructive interference occurs). The pattern would repeat every half-wavelength, corresponding to the distance between the nodes in the standing wave pattern.
(iii) The points of maximum intensity are called antinodes. These are the points along the standing wave pattern where the sound wave amplitude is at its maximum due to constructive interference. The points of minimum intensity are called nodes, where the sound wave amplitude is at its minimum due to destructive interference.
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Give the condition for constructive and destructive interference in terms of phase difference and path difference.
Constructive interference occurs when the phase difference is 2πn and destructive interference occurs when the phase difference is (2n+1)π.
The condition for destructive interference is that the path difference is equal to an integer multiple of one-half of the wavelength and the phase difference is an odd multiple of pi. Constructive interference occurs when the phase difference is 2πn, where n is an integer, and the path difference is an integer multiple of the wavelength (λ) of the waves, while destructive interference occurs when the phase difference is (2n+1)π, where n is an integer, and the path difference is an odd multiple of half the wavelength (λ/2) of the waves.
The conditions for constructive and destructive interference in terms of phase difference and path difference are given below:
Constructive Interference Condition:
Phase difference = 2πn
Path difference = nλ
where, n is an integer
Destructive Interference Condition: Phase difference = (2n+1)π
Path difference = (n+1/2)λ
where, n is an integer and λ is the wavelength of the waves.
Therefore, Constructive interference occurs when the phase difference is 2πn and destructive interference occurs when the phase difference is (2n+1)π.
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a cardboard sheet is cut in the shape of a right angled triangle, with vertices at (0,0), (5.1,0), and (5.1,3.5) units. the thickness of the sheet is uniform. what is the y-coordinate of its center of mass?
The y-coordinate of the center of mass of the right-angled triangle with vertices at (0,0), (5.1,0), and (5.1,3.5) units and uniform thickness is 1.75 units.
The center of mаss is the point аt which the object is perfectly bаlаnced. The center of mаss of а triаngle is found in а strаightforwаrd mаnner.
To calculate the center of mass, we can use the formula:
ycm = (A1*y1 + A2*y2 + A3*y3) / (A1 + A2 + A3)
where A1, A2 and A3 are the areas of the three triangles created by the vertices, and y1, y2 and y3 are the y-coordinates of the vertices.
In this case, we have the areas of the three triangles created by the vertices:
A1 = 0.5 * 5.1 * 3.5 = 8.675
A2 = 0.5 * 5.1 * 3.5 = 8.675
A3 = 0.5 * 3.5 * 3.5 = 6.125
The y-coordinates of the vertices are
y1 = 0
y2 = 0
y3 = 3.5
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
ycm = (8.675*0 + 8.675*0 + 6.125*3.5) / (8.675 + 8.675 + 6.125)
= 1.75 units
Thus, the y-coordinate of its center of mass is 1.75 units.
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Two ice skaters, Paula and Ricardo, push off from each other. Ricardo weighs more than Paula.a. Which skater, if either, has the greater momentum after the push-off? Explain.b. Which skater, if either, has the greater speed after the pushoff? Explain
Two ice skaters, Paula and Ricardo, push off from each other. Ricardo weighs more than Paula i.e.(a) both skaters have momentums of equal magnitude.(b) Paula has greater speed after push-off.
(A) Provided that two skaters Ricardo and Paula are initially at rest, momentum must be conserved. Paula is heavier than Ricardo.
Assume Paula has a mass of m, and Ricardo has a mass of M.
Let V and v, respectively, be their final velocities.
Both are initially at rest.
Thus, Paula and Ricardo have no beginning impetus.
The end momentum of the system must match the starting momentum of the system in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum.
Final momentum equals initial momentum
0 = MV + mv
MV = -mv
They both therefore possess the same amount of momentum, albeit in different directions.
(B) If we compare Paula and Ricardo's respective momentum magnitudes, then:
MV = mv
M/m = v/V
Now that we are aware, M>m
so, M/m > 1
therefore:
v/V > 1
v > V
Paula is faster as a result.
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what is K.E of Rigid body?
Answer:
The kinetic energy (K.E.) of a rigid body is the energy possessed by the body due to its motion. It is defined as the energy that an object has due to its motion and is equal to one-half the product of the object's mass and the square of its velocity.
For a rigid body that is moving with translational motion, the kinetic energy is given by:
K.E. = (1/2)mv^2
where m is the mass of the rigid body, and v is its velocity.
For a rigid body that is rotating about a fixed axis, the kinetic energy is given by:
K.E. = (1/2)Iω^2
where I is the moment of inertia of the rigid body about the axis of rotation, and ω is its angular velocity.
In general, the kinetic energy of a rigid body depends on both its translational and rotational motions. It can be calculated by summing the kinetic energy due to both types of motion:
K.E. = (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)Iω^2
where m is the mass of the body, v is its velocity, I is its moment of inertia, and ω is its angular velocity.
Explanation:
Answer:
one half of the mass moment of inertia about centre of mass times the angular velocity squared.
Explanation:
cbse board
questions
12. The diagram shows a zinc plate exposed to weak ultraviolet (UV)
light. The UV light causes electrons to be emitted from the
surface of the plate.
13.
14.
UV light
-
a) Name this phenomenon.
b)
Initially, the plate is neutral in charge. State and explain
the effect on the charge of the plate as the zinc plate is
exposed to the UV light.
c)
State and explain the effect on the rate of emission of
electrons when the intensity of the UV light is increased.
d)
In a data book, the work function energy of zinc is quoted as 4.24 eV. Explain what is meant
by the work function energy (no calculations are necessary).
electrons
a) The concept of the photon was important in the
development of physics throughout the last century.
Explain what is meant by a photon.
b) The diagram shows a photocell. When the metal surface
is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, photoelectrons
are ejected. The collector collects the photoelectrons
and the sensitive ammeter indicates the presence of a
tiny current.
i. For a certain frequency and intensity of
radiation, the ammeter shows a current of
1.2 x 10-7 A. Calculate:
a) Einstein's photoelectric equation may be written as: hf = 0 + mvmax².
Identify the terms hf, and mvmax².
b) The surface of sodium metal is exposed to electromagnetic radiation of wavelength
6.5 x 10-7 m. This wavelength is the maximum for which photoelectrons are released.
i. Calculate the threshold frequency.
zinc plate
ii. Show that the work function energy of the metal is 1.9 eV.
c) For a particular wavelength of incident light, sodium releases photoelectrons. State how the
rate of releases of photoelectrons changes with the intensity of light is doubled. Explain
your answer.
glass bulb
metal.
1. The energy of each photon.
2. The maximum kinetic energy of each photoelectron.
3. The current in the photocell.
radiation
vacuum
1. The charge reaching the collector in 5.0 s.
2. The number of photoelectrons reaching the collector in 5.0 s.
ii. The work function energy of the metal is 3.5 x 10-19 J and the incident radiation has
a frequency of 7.0 x 10¹4 Hz. Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of an ejected
Mes photoelectron.
iii. The intensity of the incident radiation is doubled, but the wavelength is kept
constant. State the effect this has on each of the following:
Photoelectric effect and photons
a) The phenomenon is called photoelectric effect. b) When the zinc plate is exposed to UV light, electrons are emitted from the surface of the plate. This causes the plate to become negatively charged as electrons are leaving the surface. c) The rate of emission of electrons increases when the intensity of UV light is increased. This is because the intensity of the light determines the number of photons incident on the surface of the plate, and each photon can cause an electron to be emitted. d) The work function energy of a metal is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the metal. In the case of zinc, it means that an energy of 4.24 eV or more is required to remove an electron from the surface of the zinc plate.
a) A photon is a quantum of electromagnetic radiation that carries energy and momentum. It behaves like a particle in certain interactions, but also exhibits wave-like properties. b) i. hf is the energy of a single photon, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation. mvmax² is the maximum kinetic energy of an ejected electron, where m is the mass of the electron and vmax is its maximum speed. ii. The threshold frequency is the minimum frequency of radiation required to eject an electron from the surface of a metal. It can be calculated using the equation E = hf, where E is the work function energy of the metal. The threshold frequency is f = E/h = 1.9 eV / (6.626 x 10^-34 J s) = 2.86 x 10^15 Hz. iii. When the intensity of the incident radiation is doubled, the number of photons incident on the surface of the metal is doubled, which increases the number of ejected electrons. The maximum kinetic energy of each photoelectron does not change, as it depends only on the frequency of the radiation.
i.
The charge reaching the collector in 5.0 s is Q = It = (1.2 x 10^-7 A) x (5.0 s) = 6.0 x 10^-7 C.
The number of photoelectrons reaching the collector in 5.0 s can be calculated using the equation Q = ne, where n is the number of electrons and e is the elementary charge. Therefore, n = Q/e = (6.0 x 10^-7 C) / (1.602 x 10^-19 C/electron) = 3.74 x 10^12 electrons. ii. The maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron can be calculated using Einstein's photoelectric equation: hf = φ + 1/2mv^2, where φ is the work function energy of the metal, m is the mass of the electron, v is its speed, and h is Planck's constant. Rearranging the equation to solve for v^2, we get v^2 = 2hf/m - 2φ/m. Plugging in the values, we get v^2 = (2 x 6.626 x 10^-34 J s x 7.0 x 10^14 Hz) / (9.109 x 10^-31 kg) - (2 x 3.5 x 10^-19 J) / (9.109 x 10^-31 kg) = 5.16 x 10^5 m^2/s^2. Therefore, the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron is KEmax = 1/2mv^2 = (1/2) x (9.109 x 10^-31 kg) x
c) For a particular wavelength of incident light, sodium releases photoelectrons. State how the rate of releases of photoelectrons changes with the intensity of light is doubled. Explain your answer.
When the intensity of the incident light is doubled, the rate of photoelectron emission from the sodium metal will also double. This is because the number of photons striking the surface of the metal and ejecting photoelectrons will increase with the intensity of the light. The rate of photoelectron emission is directly proportional to the number of photons absorbed by the metal, and therefore to the intensity of the incident light.
d) i. The terms hf and mvmax² in Einstein's photoelectric equation represent the energy of a single photon and the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron ejected from the metal, respectively. hf is the energy of the photon, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the incident radiation. mvmax² is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectron, where m is the mass of the electron and vmax is its maximum speed.
ii. To calculate the threshold frequency, we can use the formula:
hf = Φ + KE
where Φ is the work function energy and KE is the kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectron. At the threshold frequency, the kinetic energy is zero, so we have:
hf = Φ
Solving for f, we get:
f = Φ / h
Substituting the given values, we get:
f = (1.9 eV) / (4.14 x 10^-15 eV s) = 4.59 x 10^14 Hz
iii. When the intensity of the incident radiation is doubled, the number of photons striking the surface of the metal will double, but the energy of each photon will remain the same. As a result, the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons will also remain the same, but the rate of photoelectron emission will double, as explained in part c).
i. To calculate the charge reaching the collector in 5.0 s, we can use the formula:
Q = It
where Q is the charge, I is the current, and t is the time. Substituting the given values, we get:
a bird runs into the window of a building because it sees the reflection of the sky in the window. the sky does not appear distorted in this window. what type of mirror or lens is the window acting as?
A bird runs into the window of a building because it sees the reflection of the sky in the window. the sky does not appear distorted in this window. The window is acting as a plane mirror. It reflects an image with a left-right inversion but no distortion of the image.
A mirror is an object that reflects an image that falls upon it and a mirror typically comprises a smooth and polished surface, a backing material, and a frame. Mirrors can reflect light in two different ways, the first is to produce a picture of something that is facing the mirror. The second is to bounce light back into the room that is facing the mirror. A plane mirror is a flat mirror that generates a virtual image of the same size as the original object, with a left-right inversion but no distortion of the image. A plane mirror's surface is smooth and uniform, reflecting light in a way that makes it look like the mirror's surface has a depth, while in fact, it does not have a depth.
Because of this optical illusion, objects reflected in the mirror seem to be behind the mirror's surface. A lens is a piece of glass or other transparent material with curved sides for magnifying or focusing light rays, it has two surfaces with different radii of curvature. When a beam of light passes through a lens, it is refracted by the lens, causing the light to converge or diverge depending on the lens' shape. Reflection is the return of light waves, sound waves, or any other type of wave after they hit a surface. When waves bounce back, they change direction, but they do not change their speed, frequency, or wavelength, this happens when a wave strikes a surface that cannot absorb the energy of the wave.
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Determina la expresión analítica de una fuerza
sabiendo que forma un ángulo de 130° con el eje x y tiene un módulo de 5N?
Use the law of cosines to get the analytical expression of a force that forms a 130° angle with ej x and has a 5N modulus. According to this law, the square of the power module is equal.
to the sum of the squares of the power module components in the directions of x, e, and y. The components in this case are Fx = 5cos(130°) and Fy = 5sin(130°) in the direction of x and y, respectively. Hence, the analytical expression of force is F = (5cos(130°))i + (5sin(130°))j, where I y j are the unitary vectors in the directions of x, e, and y, respectively. According to this law, the square of the power module is equal.This expression may be made simpler by using F = -2.09i + 4.56j en.
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a 124-g pair of fuzzy dice hangs from a spring attached to the roof of a car. if the car goes from rest to a speed of 7.8 m/s in 3.0 s and the spring constant is 480 n/m, find the angle from vertical and the amount the spring stretches from its rest length.
The angle from vertical is given by:
angle = sin-1 (force/mass x acceleration) = sin-1 (480N/m / (124g x 9.8 m/s2)) = 4.8 degrees
The amount the spring stretches from its rest length is given by:
spring stretch = spring constant x angle = 480 N/m x 4.8 degrees = 2310 N/m.
The angle from vertical: 29.3°, Spring stretch: 0.173 m
A pair of fuzzy dice with mass 124 grams hangs from a spring. The car accelerates from rest to a speed of 7.8 m/s in 3.0 seconds, which is required for the following calculation.
To begin, we'll calculate the force on the dice when they hang from the spring. The weight of the dice is mg = (0.124 kg)(9.8 m/s²) = 1.22 N.The extension of the spring when the car is at rest is x₀ = F/k = 1.22 N/480 N/m = 0.00254 m. The spring will stretch beyond this point as the car accelerates. The force on the dice at any time during the acceleration can be determined by subtracting the weight of the dice from the force exerted on the spring by the roof of the car, which is ma = (0.124 kg)(7.8 m/s)/(3.0 s) = 0.322 N. The net force on the dice at any time during the acceleration is Fnet = ma - mg. The elongation of the spring can be calculated using the Hooke's Law formula F = -kx, where x is the elongation of the spring from its rest length. The minus sign is required since the spring's elongation is opposite to the direction of the force exerted on it.
The force exerted on the spring is positive if it pulls the spring down, while the spring elongation is negative, and the force is negative if the spring pulls the dice up, while the elongation is positive. Because the net force on the dice is downward, the elongation of the spring is negative, so Fnet = -kx. We get this equation: Fnet = -kx = ma - mg, where x is negative if the elongation is in the downward direction and x is positive if the elongation is in the upward direction. Rearranging the equation to solve for x, we get: x = -(ma - mg)/k = -0.572 mm. Next, we'll calculate the angle between the dice and the vertical. This is the same as the angle between the spring and the vertical. We know that the length of the spring is the sum of the spring's rest length and the elongation of the spring from its rest length. The rest length of the spring is given as x₀ = 0.00254 m and the elongation of the spring is given as x = -0.000572 m. Therefore, the total length of the spring is: L = x₀ + x = 0.00254 m - 0.000572 m = 0.001968 m. The angle between the dice and the vertical is given by the inverse tangent of the horizontal component of the spring's length divided by its vertical component. The horizontal component is equal to the elongation of the spring, and the vertical component is equal to the total length of the spring. Therefore, we get this formula: tan θ = x/L = (-0.000572 m)/(0.001968 m) = -0.2909.θ = tan⁻¹(-0.2909) = -29.3°.We obtained a negative value for θ, which indicates that the dice are tilted to the left of the vertical.
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Which statement describes what most likely occurs when a compass is placed next to a simple circuit made from a battery, a light bulb, and a wire?
A. A magnetic field created by the compass increases the current in the electrical circuit.
B. A magnetic field created by the compass causes the light bulb to stop working.
C. A magnetic field created by the electric current places negative charges on the compass.
D. A magnetic field created by the electric current causes the compass needle to move
A magnetic field created by the electric current causes the compass needle to move. Option D is correct choice.
When a current flows through a wire, it creates a magnetic field around it. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the compass needle causing it to move. The direction of the needle's movement is perpendicular to the direction of the current flow, as determined by the right-hand rule. Therefore, placing a compass near a simple circuit will cause the needle to move, indicating the presence of a magnetic field created by the current in the circuit. Hence, option D is correct.
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True/False? nuclear energy is the energy stored in the of an atom.
a science-fair radio uses a homemade capacitor made of two 35 cm * 35 cm sheets of aluminum foil separated by a 0.25-mm-thick sheet of paper. what is its capacitance?
The capacitance of the homemade capacitor is approximately [tex]4.33 * 10^-^8[/tex]Farads.
What distinguishes a capacitor from a capacitance?Capacitance is the term used to describe a capacitor's capacity to hold charges. Pairs of opposing charges are held apart in capacitors to retain energy. A parallel plate capacitor has the most basic construction and is made up of two metal plates with a space in between them.
The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is given by the formula:
C = εA/d
Where C is the capacitance, ε is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.
In this case, the area of each plate is 35 cm * 35 cm = 1225 cm^2. However, we need to convert this to square meters to use the formula.
[tex]1 cm^2 = 1 * 10^-4 m^2[/tex]
Therefore, [tex]1225 cm^2 = 0.1225 m^2[/tex]
The distance between the plates is given as 0.25 mm. We need to convert this to meters as well:
[tex]1 mm = 1 * 10^-3 m[/tex]
Therefore, 0.25 mm = 0.00025 m
The permittivity of free space is approximately [tex]8.85 * 10^-^1^2 F/m.[/tex]
Now we can use the formula to calculate the capacitance:
[tex]C = εA/d = (8.85 * 10^-12 F/m) * 0.1225 m^2 / 0.00025 m[/tex]
[tex]C = 4.33 * 10^-^8 F[/tex]
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what types of stars end their lives with supernovae?
Answer: Smaller stars burn smoothly for billions of years.
These smaller stars become white dwarfs.
Metals in stars accelerate supernova status.
Larger stars explode as supernovae.
Supernovae leave a neutron star or black hole.
Explanation:
How do you find the characteristic polynomial and eigenvalues?
A polynomial in linear algebra that has the eigenvalues as roots and is invariant under matrix similarity is known as the characteristic polynomial of a square matrix.
Among its coefficients are the determinant and the trace of the matrix. The characteristic equation of the matrix A is det (A - λI) = 0, and its roots (the values of λ) are referred to as characteristic roots or eigenvalues. Also, it is well known that each square matrix has a unique equation.
The characteristic equation of the matrix A is det(A - λI) = 0. The roots of the characteristic equation are eigenvalues λ of A. The equation (A- λ I)x = 0 has nonzero solutions that are associated eigenvectors of A.
At steady state, the response to a complex exponential (or sinusoid) at a specific frequency is the same complex exponential (or sinusoid), but its amplitude and phase depend on the system's frequency sensitivity at that frequency.
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An unbalanced force of 50 newton acts on a 0.025kg mass. what acceleration does it give it
Hello and regards obajimi57
Therefore, the acceleration that the 50 Newton unbalanced force gives to the 0.025 kg mass is 2000 m/s^2.
Explanation:We are solving an exercise of Newton's second law.
Newton's second law states that the net force acting on an object is proportional to the object's mass and its acceleration. In mathematical terms, it is expressed as follows:
Net force = mass × accelerationThis equation indicates that if a net force acts on an object, the object's mass determines the amount of acceleration it will experience in response to that force. That is, the greater the mass, the more difficult it is to accelerate the object with the same force, and the greater the applied force, the faster the object will accelerate.
Newton's second law formula is expressed as:
Net force = mass x acceleration
where:
Net force is the total force acting on an object. In other words, it is the sum of all the forces acting on the object.Mass is the amount of matter that an object has, that is, its measure of inertia. It is measured in kilograms (kg).Acceleration is the rate of change of the speed of an object, that is, how the speed of the object changes in a certain period of time. It is measured in meters per second squared (m/s^2).It tells us that an unbalanced force of 50 Newton acts on a mass of 0.025 kg, here we calculate the acceleration; so
a = F/m
a = 50 N/0.025 kg
a = 2000 m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration that the 50 Newton unbalanced force gives to the 0.025 kg mass is 2000 m/s^2.
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[tex]\Large\bold{SOLUTION}[/tex]
We can use Newton's second law of motion to solve this problem, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
[tex]Fnet = ma[/tex]where:
Fnet is the net force,m is the mass of the object, anda is its acceleration.In this problem, we are given that an unbalanced force of 50 newtons acts on a 0.025 kg mass. So, we can plug these values into the equation above and solve for acceleration:
[tex]\sf 50\: N = (0.025\: kg)\: a[/tex][tex]\sf a = \dfrac{50\: N}{0.025\: kg}[/tex][tex]\sf a = 2000\: m/s^2[/tex]Therefore, the acceleration of the 0.025 kg mass due to the unbalanced force of 50 N is [tex]2000\: m/s^2[/tex].
[tex]\rule{200pt}{5pt}[/tex]
how to calculate change in potential energy of the system when it travels from its lowest vertical position to its highest vertical position
The change in the potential energy is calculated by the amount of work done in changing the position of the body.
Potential energy is the energy a body possesses by virtue of its state of rest.
To calculate the change in potential energy of the system when it travels from its lowest vertical position to its highest vertical position, you need to follow a few steps.
1. Identify the system: The first step is to identify the system whose potential energy is being calculated. For example, if we are considering a ball, the system would be the ball alone.
2. Determine the change in height: The next step is to determine the change in height between the lowest and the highest position of the system. Let's call the height 'h'.
3. Calculate the gravitational potential energy: The gravitational potential energy (PE) of a system is given by the formula:
PE = mgh
where m is the mass of the system, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s2), and h is the change in height as calculated in step 2.
The change in potential energy between the lowest and the highest point is simply the difference between the potential energies at these two points. The change in potential energy is given by:
PE change = [tex]PEhighest[/tex] − [tex]PElowest[/tex] = mgΔh
where [tex]PElowest[/tex] and [tex]PEhighest[/tex] are the potential energies at the lowest and the highest points respectively and Δh is the change in height
Substitute the values of[tex]PElowest[/tex] and [tex]PEhighest[/tex] from step 3 to obtain the change in potential energy for the system.
For example, if a 2-kg object moves from a height of 0 m to 10 m, the change in potential energy is calculated as follows:
Change in Potential Energy = (2 kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 10 m) - (2kg x 9.8 m/s2 x 0m) = 196 Joules.
In this example, the change in potential energy is 196 Joules.
Therefore, potential energy change can be calculated easily in this manner.
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at an amusement park there is a ride in which cylindrically shaped chambers spin around a central axis. people stand facing the axis of rotation, their backs against the outer wall. at one instant the outer wall moves at a speed of 3.2 m/s, and an 83-kg person feels a 560-n force pressing against his back. what is the radius of the chamber?
The radius of the chamber, given a centripetal force, is 5.09 m.
The centripetal force equation is given by:
F = m x v2/r
Where,
F = 560 N
m = 83 kg
v = 3.2 m/s
Solving for r, we get:
r = m x v2/F
r = 83 x 3.22/560
r = 5.09 m
Mass of the person (m) = 83 kg. Force experienced by person (F) = 560 N. Velocity of the outer wall (v) = 3.2 m/s. Let the radius of the chamber be (r)Here, the force on the person is acting towards the centre of the circular motion which is given by F = mv²/r.
The centripetal force F = mv²/r
Therefore, v² = Fr/mr = Fv²/mr = 560 x 3.2²/83r = 5.09 m
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this pressure system brings cloudy and stormy weather
The pressure system that brings cloudy and stormy weather is a low-pressure system.
Low pressure systems are characterized by an area of low atmospheric pressure, which causes air to rise and create clouds. As the air rises, it cools, and moisture condenses, forming clouds and rain. This cycle repeats itself until the low-pressure system passes.
Low-pressure systems bring cloudy and stormy weather as they move through an area, as the air is unstable, and the clouds and rain form more quickly. Low-pressure systems can cause more severe weather when they are accompanied by strong winds.
When winds are strong, the pressure difference between the low pressure system and surrounding areas is greater, and the winds can help to push the system along, causing the formation of thunderstorms, heavy rains, and strong winds.
Low-pressure systems often form when warm air from the tropics meets cold air from the poles. This causes a pressure difference and the formation of low-pressure systems. Low-pressure systems can also be caused by the flow of air along the Earth's surface, and by the heating of the Earth's surface.
In summary, a low-pressure system is an area of low atmospheric pressure, which brings cloudy and stormy weather as the air rises and moisture condenses. Low-pressure systems can also bring more severe weather when accompanied by strong winds.
Low-pressure systems often form when warm air from the tropics meets cold air from the poles, from the flow of air along the Earth's surface, or from the heating of the Earth's surface.
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The photo shows a pair of figure skaters performing a spin maneuver. The
axis of rotation goes through the left foot of the skater on the left. What
change could the pair make that would result in no change to their angular
velocity?
To maintain the same angular velocity, the pair of figure skaters must conserve their angular momentum, which is given by the product of their moment of inertia and angular velocity.
The moment of inertia depends on how the mass of the skaters is distributed with respect to the axis of rotation.
One change the pair could make that would result in no change to their angular velocity is to change their body position by moving their arms and legs closer or farther away from their axis of rotation in such a way that the distribution of their mass with respect to the axis of rotation remains the same.
For example, if both skaters move their arms and legs closer to their axis of rotation, their moment of inertia would decrease. However, if they do so in such a way that the distribution of their mass with respect to the axis of rotation remains the same, their angular velocity would remain unchanged. Conversely, if they move their arms and legs farther away from their axis of rotation in a way that compensates for the increased moment of inertia, their angular velocity would also remain unchanged.
Another change that would result in no change to their angular velocity is if they change the orientation of their axis of rotation. For instance, they could shift the axis of rotation to the center of mass of the system, or they could change the orientation of the axis of rotation with respect to their bodies, while maintaining the same distance from the axis.
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What is the value of the charge that experiences a force of 2.4 × 10–3 N in an electric field of 6.8 × 10–5 N/C?a. 1.6 x 10-7 c b. 2.5 x10-3 cc. 2.8 x 10-3 c d. 3.5 x 101 c
The value of the charge that experiences a force of 2.4 × 10–3 N in an electric field of 6.8 × 10–5 N/C is 3.5 x 101 c
The force (F) experienced by a charged particle in an electric field (E) is given by the equation:
F = qE
Where q is the charge of the particle.
In this problem, we are given the force (F) and the electric field (E), and we need to find the value of the charge (q).
Substituting the given values into the equation, we get:
2.4 × 10–3 N = q × 6.8 × 10–5 N/C
Solving for q, we get:
q = (2.4 × 10–3 N) / (6.8 × 10–5 N/C)
q = 3.529 × 10–2 C
Therefore, the value of the charge that experiences a force of 2.4 × 10–3 N in an electric field of 6.8 × 10–5 N/C is 3.529 × 10–2 C.
The closest answer option is (d) 3.5 x 101 c, which is approximately equal to 3.529 × 10–2 C.
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a) if the gravitational potential energy of a 34.5-kg rock is 671 j relative to a value of zero on the ground, how high is the rock above the ground?
The rock is 20.71 m above the ground if the gravitational potential energy of a 34.5-kg rock is 671 j relative to a value of zero on the ground.
The gravitational potential energy of a 34.5-kg rock is 671 J relative to a value of zero on the ground.
This means that the rock is 671 J higher than it would be if it were on the ground.
To calculate the height of the rock above the ground, we need to use the formula for gravitational potential energy: G(PE) = mgh,
where m is the mass of the rock (34.5 kg),
g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and
h is the height of the rock.
Therefore, the height of the rock above the ground can be calculated by rearranging the equation to get
h = G(PE)/(mg) = 671 j/(34.5 kg × 9.81 m/s²) = 20.71 m.
Therefore, the rock is 20.71 m above the ground.
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What is the reaction time for someone who lets 7 inches fall on a meter stick before the catch it?
A. 1.0 s
B. 0.19 s
C. 0.33 s
D. 0.08 s
The answer is B) 0.19 s, which is the approximate reaction time for someone to catch an object that has fallen 7 inches on a meter stick.
What does "response time" mean?the interval of time between when a stimulus first appears or is presented and when a particular response to that stimulus actually occurs. There are various kinds, such as choice and easy reaction times. You can evaluate many psychological constructs using reaction time.
The time it takes for an object to fall a certain distance can be calculated using the formula:
d = 1/2 * g * t^2
Where:
d is the distance fallen (in meters)
g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s^2)
t is the time taken (in seconds)
In this case, the distance fallen is 7 inches, which is equivalent to 0.1778 meters. We can use this value to solve for the time taken:
0.1778 = 1/2 * 9.81 * t^2
Simplifying this equation, we get:
t^2 = 0.0362
Taking the square root of both sides, we get:
t = 0.19 s (rounded to two decimal places)
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your friend, who is in a field 60 meters away from you, kicks a ball towards you with an initial velocity of 17 m/s . assuming the grass causes the ball to decelerate at a constant rate of 1.0 m/s2 , how long does it take for the ball to reach you?
It takes approximately 7.7 seconds for the ball to reach you from your friend who is 60 meters away from you. This is calculated by using the formula v=u+at, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity and t is the time taken for the ball to reach you.
Here, the final velocity is 0 m/s, the initial velocity is 17 m/s and the acceleration due to the grass is -1.0 m/s2. By substituting these values in the formula, we get t=v-u/a. After solving the equation, we get t=17-(-1)/1=7.7 seconds. This is the time taken for the ball to reach you from your friend who is 60 meters away.
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Sir Issac Newton came up with a theory about ______ in 1687. answer choices. The sun. Tides. Spaceships. gravity
Sir Issac Newton came up with a theory about (d). gravity in 1687 is the correct option.
Sir Isaac Newton FRS was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was known in his day as a "natural philosopher." He lived from 25 December 1642 to 20 March 1726/27. He was a pivotal player in the Enlightenment, an intellectual movement. He founded classical mechanics in his 1687 work Philosophize Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Foundations of Natural Philosophy).
Newton co-developed the concept of infinitesimal calculus with German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and he made important contributions to optics as well.
Before the theory of relativity took its place, Newton's Principia contained the laws of motion and the universal gravitation, which constituted the prevailing scientific perspective for centuries. Newton eliminated uncertainty about the heliocentricity of the Solar System by using his mathematical description of gravity to deduce Kepler's laws of planetary motion, account for tides, the trajectories of comets, the precession of the equinoxes, and other phenomena.
He showed that the same concepts could be used to explain the motion of objects on Earth and heavenly bodies. The geodetic observations of Maupertuis, La Condamine, and others later corroborated Newton's deduction that the Earth is an oblate spheroid, persuading the majority of European scientists that Newtonian mechanics is superior to earlier theories.
Therefore, the correct option is (d) gravity.
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Domestic water enters the heat exchanger at a temperature of 7.0 °C and
leaves the heat exchanger at a temperature of 55 °C.
Each day 19 000 000 joules of energy are supplied to the water passing
through the heat exchanger.
Calculate the mass of water that can be heated each day.
Choose the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.
Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kg °C.
Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
The mass of water that can be heated each day would be 923.1 kg.
Heat capacity problemWe can use the equation:
Q = mcΔT
where Q is the heat energy supplied to the water, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water.
We know the heat energy supplied to the water each day, which is:
Q = 19,000,000 J
We also know the initial and final temperatures of the water, which are:
T1 = 7.0 °C
T2 = 55 °C
The specific heat capacity of water is:
c = 4200 J/kg °C
Substituting these values into the equation above and solving for m gives:
Q = mcΔT
m = Q / (cΔT)
ΔT = T2 - T1 = 55 °C - 7.0 °C = 48 °C
m = 19,000,000 J / (4200 J/kg °C * 48 °C)
m = 923.1 kg
Therefore, the mass of water that can be heated each day is 923.1 kg, rounded to 2 significant figures.
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an object with a mass of 16.6 kg is accelerated in a straight line from rest to 8.47 m/s in 7.69 seconds. what is the magnitude of the average force in newtons exerted on the object
An object with a mass of 16.6 kg is accelerated in a straight line from rest to 8.47 m/s in 7.69 seconds. The magnitude of the average force exerted on the object is 18.26 Newtons
To find the magnitude of the average force exerted on the object, we can use the formula
F = m * a,
where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.
First, we need to find the acceleration (a) using the formula a = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.
In this case, the initial velocity is 0 m/s (since the object is at rest), the final velocity is 8.47 m/s, and the time is 7.69 seconds. So the acceleration (a) is:
a = (8.47 - 0) / 7.69 = 1.1 m/s²
Now, we can find the force (F) by multiplying the mass (16.6 kg) by the acceleration (1.1 m/s²):
F = 16.6 * 1.1 = 18.26 N
Therefore, the magnitude of the average force exerted on the object is 18.26 Newtons.
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Which changes of state occur when water gains energy? Select all that apply.
evaporation
melting
deposition
sublimation
Answer:
1. Evaporation
2. Melting
And lastly,
3.Sublimation
Answer:
evaporation, melting,sublimation
Explanation:
if pink noise is sent through a guitar amp, and this guitar amp is being recorded by two microphones, one of which is 12 inches from the guitar amp and the other of which is 5.5 inches from the guitar amp, what is the second lowest frequency that will be 180 degrees out of phase? assume the speed of sound in air is 1,126 ft/s.
If pink noise is sent through a guitar amp and recorded by two microphones, the second lowest frequency that will be 180 degrees out of phase is determined by the distance between the two microphones.
Assuming the speed of sound in air is 1,126 ft/s, the frequency can be calculated using the formula f = v/2d, where f is the frequency, v is the speed of sound, and d is the distance between the microphones. Using the given information, the frequency can be calculated as:
f = 1,126 ft/s / 2(5.5 in x 12 in/in) = 76.11 Hz
Therefore, the second lowest frequency that will be 180 degrees out of phase is 76.11 Hz.
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Small blocks, each with mass m , are clamped at the ends and at the center of a rod of length L and negligible mass.
A.Compute the moment of inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through the center of the rod.
Express your answer in terms of the given quantities.
B.Compute the moment of inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through a point one-fourth of the length from one end.
Express your answer in terms of the given quantities.
a) To find the moment of inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through the center of the rod, we can use the parallel axis theorem. The moment of inertia of the rod about an axis perpendicular to it and passing through its center is (1/12)ML^2, and the moment of inertia of each small block about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to it is (1/12)ma^2, where a is the length of each block.
Using the parallel axis theorem, the moment of inertia of each block about an axis passing through one end of the rod is (1/12)ma^2 + (1/4)m(L/2)^2 = (1/12)m(a^2 + L^2/16), since the distance between the axis passing through the center of the rod and the axis passing through one end of the rod is L/4.
There are two blocks, one at each end of the rod, so their combined moment of inertia about an axis passing through one end of the rod is (2/12)m(a^2 + L^2/16) = (1/6)m(a^2 + L^2/16).
The moment of inertia of the rod about an axis passing through one end of the rod is (1/3)ML^2. Therefore, the moment of inertia of the entire system about an axis passing through one end of the rod is:
I = (1/6)m(a^2 + L^2/16) + (1/3)ML^2
b) To find the moment of inertia of the system about an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through a point one-fourth of the length from one end, we can again use the parallel axis theorem.
The distance between the new axis and the axis passing through the center of the rod is L/4, and the distance between the new axis and the axis passing through one end of the rod is L/2 - L/4 = L/4.
The moment of inertia of the rod about the new axis is (1/12)ML^2 + (1/4)M(L/4)^2 = (7/192)ML^2.
The moment of inertia of each block about the new axis is (1/12)ma^2 + (1/4)m(L/4)^2 = (1/12)m(a^2 + L^2/16).
Again, there are two blocks, so their combined moment of inertia about the new axis is (2/12)m(a^2 + L^2/16) = (1/6)m(a^2 + L^2/16).
Therefore, the moment of inertia of the entire system about the new axis is:
I = (1/6)m(a^2 + L^2/16) + (7/192)ML^2
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