how much thermal energy in calories is absorbed by 750.0g of water when its temperature increases from 15.4c t 86.3c

The optical telescope at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin with a lens diameter of approximately 1 meter is a refracting telescope.

A refracting telescope, also known as a refractor, is an optical telescope that uses a lens to bend and focus light to form an image. The telescope that was mentioned in the question is a refracting telescope. It is the first type of telescope ever invented, and it was invented by Dutch scientist Hans Lippershey in 1608. This type of telescope works by collecting and bending light from objects that are far away through a convex lens to produce a magnified image.

The parts of a refracting telescope are as follows:

Lens: The lens of the telescope collects and refracts light, forming a magnified image.

Focuser: The focuser of the telescope is the part that moves the eyepiece to bring the image into focus.

Eyepiece: The eyepiece of the telescope magnifies the image formed by the lens.

Tube: The tube of the telescope is the housing that holds the lens, focuser, and eyepiece in place.

Mount: The mount of the telescope is the part that holds the tube and allows for movement and tracking of the telescope.

A refracting telescope uses a lens to bend light, while a reflecting telescope uses a mirror to reflect light. The lenses in a refracting telescope can be prone to chromatic aberration, which causes different colors of light to be refracted at different angles, resulting in a blurry image. Reflecting telescopes can be made larger than refracting telescopes without being excessively heavy or long. As a result, most modern telescopes are reflecting telescopes.

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Answer:

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A torque of 3471.9 N·m is needed to produce an angular acceleration of 100 rpm/s in a flywheel with a diameter of 1.72 m and a mass of 902 kg.

First, let's convert the angular acceleration from revolutions per minute per second (rpm/s) to radians per second per second (rad/s²):

100 rpm/s = 100 × 2π/60 rad/s² ≈ 10.47 rad/s²

The moment of inertia of a flywheel can be calculated using the formula:

I = (1/2)mr²

where

m is the mass of the flywheel and

r is the radius (half of the diameter).

Thus, we have:

r = 1.72/2 = 0.86 m

m = 902 kg

I = (1/2) × 902 kg × (0.86 m)² ≈ 331.9 kg·m²

The torque (T) required to produce the desired angular acceleration (α) can be found using the formula:

T = I × α

T = 331.9 kg·m² × 10.47 rad/s² ≈ 3471.9 N·m

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You slide approximately 353.2 meters across the frozen lake before coming to a stop.

We can use the work-energy principle to find the distance you slide:

Work done by friction = change in kinetic energy

The work done by friction is equal to the force of friction times the distance you slide, or:

Work done by friction = force of friction x distance

The change in kinetic energy is equal to the initial kinetic energy (1/2 mv^2) minus the final kinetic energy (which is zero because you come to a stop), or:

Change in kinetic energy = [tex](1/2)mv^2[/tex]

Setting these two expressions equal and solving for the distance, we get:

force of friction x distance =[tex](1/2)mv^2[/tex]

distance =[tex](1/2)mv^2 / force of friction[/tex]

Substituting the given values, we get:

distance = [tex](1/2) × 65 kg × (19 m/s)^2 / 22 N[/tex]

distance = 353.2 m

Therefore, you slide approximately 353.2 meters across the frozen lake before coming to a stop.

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The bird with a mass of 26 g perches in the middle of a stretched telephone line. The tension in the wire is 0.12753 N.

To determine the tension when the bird is perching:

Tension is the force that stretches a string or a telephone line. The bird's weight will cause the wire to stretch by a certain amount. The weight of the bird can be calculated as follows:

Weight = mass × gravity

The weight of the bird is:

Weight = 26 g × 9.81 m/s2 = 255.06 g · m/s2 = 0.25506 N

This force will be evenly distributed across the wire, causing it to stretch evenly in all directions.

As a result, the tension in the telephone wire will be the weight of the bird divided by two. This is due to the fact that the weight of the bird is evenly distributed over the length of the wire. The tension formula is given as:

Tension = weight of the bird/2

Tension = 0.25506 N / 2 = 0.12753 N

Therefore, when the bird is perching in the middle of a stretched telephone line, the tension in the wire is 0.12753 N.

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The diameter of the globule is approximately 0.295 light years if the nebula is 1000 pc from earth.

To answer the question, we need to use the formula of trigonometric parallax. The formula is given below:

diameter of the globule = diameter of the nebula × angular diameter of the globule

Angular diameter of the globule is given to us as 20 seconds of arc. Angular diameter is the angle subtended by the diameter of an object at a distance of 1 parsec. Therefore, we have the value of the angular diameter of the globule.Now, to find the diameter of the globule, we need to find the diameter of the nebula. The nebula is at a distance of 1000 parsecs from earth. We don't have the value of the diameter of the nebula.

So, we can assume that the nebula is circular in shape. We can then use the formula for the distance of an object from the observer to find the diameter of the nebula. The formula is given below:

d = 2 × r × tan θ

Where,d = distance of the object from the observer,θ = angular size of the object,r = radius of the object.Since we have the distance of the object and the angular size of the object, we can find the radius of the object.

r = (d/2) × tan θ

Now, we can find the diameter of the nebula.

Diameter = 2 × radius

Diameter = d × tan θ

Therefore, Diameter = 2 × (1000/2) × tan θDiameter = 1000 × tan θ

Now, we can find the diameter of the globule using the formula mentioned above.Diameter of the globule = Diameter of the nebula × angular diameter of the globule

Diameter of the globule = 1000 × tan θ × 20 arcseconds

Diameter of the globule = 1000 × tan (20/3600) pc

Diameter of the globule = 0.0905 pc

Now, we convert the diameter into light years.1 pc = 3.26 light years

Therefore, the diameter of the globule in light years is:

Diameter of the globule = 0.0905 × 3.26 light years

Diameter of the globule = 0.295 light years

Therefore, the diameter of the globule is approximately 0.295 light years.

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The acceleration from 96 km/h to 100 km/h is greater than the acceleration from 25 km/h to 30 km/h, both occurring during the same time.

acceleration = (v2 - v1) / t

where v1 and v2 represent the initial and final velocities respectively, and t represents the time taken to reach the final velocity.

it is given that the acceleration occurs during the same time for both cases, hence t is constant.

Acceleration from 25 km/h to 30 km/h

Initial velocity, v1 = 25 km/h

Final velocity, v2 = 30 km/h

Time taken, t = constant

Acceleration = (30 - 25) / t

                     = 5 / t km/h²

Acceleration from 96 km/h to 100 km/h

Initial velocity, v1 = 96 km/h

Final velocity, v2 = 100 km/h

Time taken, t = constant

Acceleration = (100 - 96) / t = 4 / t km/h²

Since t is the same for both cases, the acceleration that produces the greater change in velocity is greater. Therefore, an acceleration from 96 km/h to 100 km/h is greater than the acceleration from 25 km/h to 30 km/h, both occurring during the same time.

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The typical television remote control emits radiation with a wavelength of 938 nm having a frequency of [tex]3.20 \times 10^{14} s^{-1}[/tex].

The frequency of this radiation can be determined using the formula λν = c, where λ is the wavelength, ν is the frequency, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum.

The speed of light is approximately 3.00 × 10^8 m/s. The wavelength of the radiation in meters is given by:

938 nm = 938 × 10^-9 m
So, λ = 938 × 10^-9 m.

Substituting this value and the value of c in the formula, we have:
938 × 10^-9 m × ν = 3.00 × 10^8 m/s

Solving for ν gives:
ν = (3.00 × 10^8 m/s) / (938 × 10^-9 m) = 3.20 × 10^14 s^-1

Therefore, the frequency of the radiation emitted by the typical television remote control is 3.20 × 10^14 s^-1 (or Hertz).

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A photon's energy does not increase four times when its momentum doubles because a photon's kinetic energy is inversely correlated with its frequency.

A photon is a quantum of the electromagnetic field and an elementary particle. It is also referred to as light particle or electromagnetic wave. As a result of its dual nature, the photon behaves as both a particle and a wave. It travels at the speed of light, and it has momentum and energy. Photons are the basic units of light and other types of electromagnetic radiation.The momentum of a photon is given by p = hf/c, where h is Planck's constant, the photon's frequency is f, and the speed of light is c.

As a result, a photon's frequency and wavelength also double when its momentum does. Nevertheless, rather than its momentum, its kinetic energy is related to its frequency. Hence, a photon's energy increases by two, not four, times, when its momentum doubles. E = hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is the photon's frequency, calculates the energy of a photon.

Hence, instead of doubling in size when the photon's frequency doubles, its energy increases by a factor of four instead.

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The given statement is false. An isotonic contraction is a type of muscular contraction in which the muscle shortens while maintaining the same level of tension. This means that while the length of the muscle changes, the tension remains constant.

What are isotonic contractions?When a muscle contracts and causes a change in the length of the muscle and the muscle's tension remains constant, this is known as an isotonic contraction. The tension exerted by the muscle remains constant in isotonic contractions, but the length of the muscle changes. Isotonic contractions can be split into two types: eccentric and concentric contractions. The amount of force exerted by a muscle is determined by its ability to contract concentrically, while the ability to withstand loads while elongating is determined by its ability to contract eccentrically. Isometric contractions occur when the muscle's strength is not strong enough to overcome an opposing force. For example, pushing against a wall or attempting to lift an object that is too heavy for you. In both cases, the muscles are producing tension, but there is no movement because the opposing force is too great for the muscles to overcome. Therefore, the given statement is false.

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If Latosha needs to apply a force of 71 n to move the object along the ramp then, the length of the ramp is: 67.89m

A ramp is an inclined plane that allows objects to be moved or lifted with less force. It is a simple machine that reduces the amount of force needed to lift an object. The inclined plane is a straight slanted surface, and the force required to move an object is reduced by increasing the distance traveled.

To calculate the angle of inclination, the length of the ramp and the height of the ramp are required. Therefore, first, we need to calculate the angle of inclination, and then we can calculate the length of the ramp.

Suppose the object has to be moved along the ramp, and a force of 71 N is required to move the object.

The formula to calculate the length of the ramp is:
Length = Height / Sin θ
Where θ is the angle of inclination.

The angle of inclination can be calculated using the following formula:
Sin θ = Height / Length
Now, we have to calculate the angle of inclination using the above formula, so let's do that.

Sin θ = Height / Length
71 N = m x g
71 N = m x 9.8 m/s^2
m = 71/9.8
m = 7.24 kg
Therefore, mass of the object is 7.24 kg.

Now, we know the force and the mass of the object, so we can calculate the acceleration using the formula:
F = m x a
71 N = 7.24 kg x a
a = 71/7.24
a = 9.8 m/s^2

Now, we have the acceleration, which is 9.8 m/s^2.
Sin θ = Height / Length
Sin θ = 9.8 / 71
Sin θ = 0.138
θ = Sin-1 (0.138)
θ = 8 degrees

Now, we have the angle of inclination, which is 8 degrees.
Length = Height / Sin θ
Length = 9.8 / Sin 8
Length = 67.89 m
Therefore, the length of the ramp is 67.89 meters.

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The number of parking spaces that the parking lot has, given the length of the parking lot, is 32 parking spaces.

To find out how many parking spaces the parking lot has, first we need to determine the total length of the row where parking spaces will be created.

Length of the row for parking spaces = Total length of the parking lot - Length not painted for cars to turn

= 316 feet - 28 feet = 288 feet

Now that we know the length of the row for parking spaces, we can calculate how many 9-foot-wide spaces will fit in this row.

Number of parking spaces = Length of the row for parking spaces / Width of each parking space

= 288 feet / 9 feet = 32 parking spaces

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That's correct! Contact forces are forces that require physical contact between two objects to be exerted, such as friction, tension, and normal force.

What is Moment of Inertia?

Moment of inertia is a physical quantity that describes the rotational inertia of an object. It is a measure of an object's resistance to rotational motion around a particular axis, and depends on both the mass distribution and the distance of the mass from the axis of rotation.

Non-contact forces, on the other hand, can act over a distance without the need for physical contact, such as gravitational forces, electromagnetic forces, and nuclear forces.

The direction of a force is described using a coordinate system, usually using the x, y, and z axes. The magnitude of a force, measured in Newtons (N), describes the strength of the force. When multiple forces act on an object, they can be combined to find the net force, which determines the resulting motion of the object.

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The position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time is vt.

Step by step explanation:

The position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time is a vector that has both direction and magnitude.

It is defined by its starting point and its endpoint.

Given that a particle passes through the point at time t, moving with constant velocity v, the position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time is given by the formula;

Position vector of the particle = Position vector of the particle at time t + velocity x (time taken to reach the arbitrary time from time t)

Therefore, the position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time is given as r = [tex]r_0[/tex] + vt where:

[tex]r_0[/tex] is the position vector of the particle at time t. v is the velocity of the particle. t is the time taken to reach the arbitrary time from time t.

For instance, if the particle passes through the origin at time t, moving with constant velocity v, the position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time will be given as;

r = 0 + vt = vt

Hence, the position vector of the particle at an arbitrary time is vt.

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The amount of heat removed from a fermenter within 24 hours can be calculated using the rate of cooling, size of heat exchange surface, and temperature difference.

The rate of cooling is defined as the amount of heat removed or exchanged (in BTU) per hour per square foot or meter per degree Fahrenheit (BTU/hr.m2.F). In this case, the rate of cooling is 50 BTU/hr.m2.F.

The size of the heat exchange surface is 10 m by 8 m, and the temperature difference is 20F. Multiplying the rate of cooling (50 BTU/hr.m2.F) by the size of the heat exchange surface (80 m2) by the temperature difference (20F) yields the amount of heat removed in 24 hours: 80 m2 x 50 BTU/hr.m2.F x 20F = 80,000 BTU/24 hours. Thus, the amount of heat removed from the fermenter within 24 hours is 80,000 BTU.

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Answer:

ω = (k / m)^1/2      proportionality for angular speed in SHM

f =  ω / 2 * π

Since P = 1 / f      the period is inversely proportional to ω

P proportional to m

P inversely proportional to k the spring constant

When a mass m is hung on a certain ideal spring, the spring stretches a distance d. if the mass is then set oscillating on the spring, the period of oscillation is proportional to the square root of the mass-to-spring constant ratio.

A spring, also known as a force spring, is a mechanical device that converts energy from one form to another, depending on Hooke's law. Hooke's law is a principle in physics that states that the force required to compress or extend a spring by a certain length is proportional to that length's deviation from its equilibrium length when it is not being acted upon by any forces.

The formula for Hooke's law is:F = -kxWhere:F is the force applied, x is the displacement from the equilibrium length, k is the spring constantThe period of oscillation is the time required to complete one oscillation. It is dependent on the mass m of the system and the spring constant k. The time period of oscillation is proportional to the square root of the mass-to-spring constant ratio. It is calculated using the formula:T = 2π * √m/k, where:T is the period of oscillationm is the mass of the objectk is the spring constantTherefore, the correct option is C.

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As the normal contact force increases, the friction force also increases.

The friction force is proportional to the normal force, according to the formula:  [tex]F_{friction} = \mu F_{normal}[/tex]

where  [tex]F_{friction}[/tex] is the friction force,

μ is the coefficient of friction, and

[tex]F_{normal}[/tex] is the normal force.

Therefore, if the normal force increases, the friction force will also increase proportionally. The coefficient of friction remains constant for a given pair of materials in contact, so it does not change with the normal force.

The weight of the object does affect the normal force, but it does not affect the relationship between the normal force and the friction force.

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The magnitude of the magnetic field at a point 58.0 cm from a long, thin conductor carrying a current of 4.70a is: 40.6 T

To calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field at a point 58.0 cm away from a long, thin conductor carrying a current of 4.70 A, we can use the equation B = μ_0*I/(2*pi*r).

[tex]B = 4πx10^-7*4.70/(2*pi*0.58) = 40.6 T.[/tex]

Here, μ_0 is the permeability of free space (4πx10^-7 Tm/A), I is the current (4.70 A), and r is the distance from the conductor (58.0 cm). So, the magnitude of the magnetic field at the point is [tex]B = 4πx10^-7*4.70/(2*pi*0.58) = 40.6 T.[/tex]

To understand why the magnetic field is present, we must look at the conductor carrying a current. When electric current passes through a conductor, it creates a magnetic field around it. This magnetic field is inversely proportional to the distance from the conductor, meaning the closer you get to it, the stronger the magnetic field will be.

Since the conductor in this example has a current of 4.70 A, the magnetic field it creates will be stronger than a conductor with a lower current.

To conclude, the magnitude of the magnetic field at a point 58.0 cm away from a long, thin conductor carrying a current of 4.70 A is 40.6 T. The presence of this magnetic field is due to the electric current passing through the conductor, and it is inversely proportional to the distance from the conductor.

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The magnitude of the force per unit length on the wire carrying a current of 4 amps in a magnetic field of 2 Tesla, oriented perpendicular to the wire will be 8 N/m.

It can be determined using the formula F = BIL,

where F is the force per unit length,

B is the magnetic field,

I is the current and

L is the length of the wire.

For the given data, B = 2 T, I = 4 A, L = 1 meter.

Therefore, F = BIL= 2 T x 4 A x 1 m= 8 N/m. Thus, the magnitude of the force per unit length on the wire is 8 N/m.

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The statement that is wrong is option d: "warm air usually goes down and cooler air goes up.

Convection is the process of heat transfer that occurs in fluids such as gases and liquids. This process involves the transfer of heat by the movement of fluids from one place to another.

In this process, hot air rises while cooler air sinks. This movement of air is due to the differences in air density caused by temperature changes. A cooler, denser, heavier air sinks downward because it is denser than the surrounding air. As it sinks, it displaces the warmer air, which rises to the top.

This movement of air creates convection currents that transfer heat from one place to another. Ascending warm air expands, cooling until it becomes denser than the surrounding air and sinks back to the ground.

Therefore, statement (d) is incorrect.

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Identifying voxels in an fMRI scan that light up when a person sees a photo of a particular scene for the first time is an example of neural coding.

What is neural coding?

Neural coding is the science that investigates how sensory neurons represent and process information. FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) is a technique used to examine the activity of specific regions of the brain by measuring changes in blood flow as an indirect indicator of brain activity.

By detecting areas of the brain that exhibit increased blood flow, researchers may infer which areas are actively engaged in performing specific tasks or processing certain stimuli in the brain.

In the example given, identifying voxels (the smallest unit of a 3D image) in an fMRI scan that light up when a person sees a photo of a particular scene for the first time is an example of neural coding. This is because researchers are looking for a specific pattern of brain activity that is associated with viewing a particular image. This pattern of activity can then be used to infer how the brain represents and processes visual information.

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The intensity of the sound wave at a fixed distance from the speaker vibrating at 2.57 kHz and maintaining a constant displacement amplitude is 2.25 W/m².

The intensity of a sound wave is directly proportional to the square of its frequency. Therefore, if the frequency of the speaker increases from 1.4 kHz to 2.57 kHz while maintaining a constant displacement amplitude, the intensity of the sound wave will increase by a factor of (2.57 kHz / 1.4 kHz)² = 3.29.

Thus, the new intensity of the sound wave will be 3.29 times the original intensity of 0.683 W/m², which gives us:

New intensity = 3.29 x 0.683 W/m² = 2.25 W/m²

Therefore, the intensity of the sound wave at a fixed distance from the speaker vibrating at 2.57 kHz and maintaining a constant displacement amplitude is 2.25 W/m².

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When a 2.2 kg mass is hung from a 12 cm long spring attached to the ceiling, the spring stretches to a length of 18 cm. The spring constant k is 359.7 N/m.

We can use Hooke's law to solve for the spring constant:

F = -kx

where F is the force applied to the spring, x is the displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position, and k is the spring constant.

In this case, the weight of the mass is the force applied to the spring:

[tex]F = mg = (2.2\  kg)(9.81\  m/s^2) = 21.582 \ N[/tex]

The displacement of the spring is the difference between its stretched and unstretched lengths:

[tex]x = 18 \ cm - 12 \ cm = 0.06 \ m[/tex]

Substituting these values into Hooke's law:

[tex]21.582 \ N = -k(0.06 \ m)[/tex]

Solving for k:

[tex]k = -21.582 \ N / (0.06 \ m) = -359.7 \ N/m[/tex]

The negative sign indicates that the spring exerts a restoring force in the opposite direction to the displacement.

Therefore the spring constant of the spring is 359.7 N.

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The speed of a point on the edge of a flywheel with a radius of 0.40 m that experiences a centripetal acceleration of 15 m/s² is 2.45 m/s.

A flywheel is a type of mechanical device that stores energy and is used to smoothen the output of a rotational system. It is a rotating mechanical device that acts as a reservoir for energy storage and a system energy stabilizer. It also aids in the maintenance of a constant rotational speed in a machine.

The following are the formulas used to determine the speed of a point on the edge of a flywheel and its centripetal acceleration:

v = rω

where v = linear velocity; r = radius; ω = angular velocity;

a = rω²

where a = centripetal acceleration; r = radius; ω = angular velocity

Therefore, if a flywheel has a radius of 0.40 m and it experiences a centripetal acceleration of 15 m/s², the speed of a point on the edge of the flywheel is:

v = rωv = 0.40ωω = √(a/r)ω = √(15/0.40)ω = 6.12 rad/sv = rωv = 0.40 x 6.12v = 2.45 m/s

Therefore, the speed of a point on the edge of a flywheel that experiences a centripetal acceleration of 15 m/s² is 2.45 m/s.

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The intensity of the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun just outside the atmosphere of the Earth is 1.55 x 10-9 W/m2.

The intensity of electromagnetic waves from the sun just outside the atmosphere of the Earth can be calculated using the inverse-square law.

This law states that the intensity of the radiation decreases with the square of the distance from the source. Thus, the intensity of the radiation at the edge of the atmosphere will be lower than that at the surface of the Sun.

The intensity of the radiation, we need to know the distance from the Sun to the Earth. This distance is approximately 93 million miles (150 million kilometers).

The intensity of the radiation at the edge of the atmosphere by taking the inverse-square of this distance, which is approximately 1.55 x 10-9 W/m2.

This is the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun just outside the atmosphere of the Earth.

The intensity of the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun just outside the atmosphere of the Earth is 1.55 x 10-9 W/m2.

This is due to the inverse-square law, which states that the intensity of radiation decreases with the square of the distance from the source.

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To calculate the number of turns of wire included in the solenoid, use the following formula the value is 80000.

As the given data is : Number of turns = Length of wire / (π x Diameter of solenoid), For this example, that would be:, Number of turns = 2513.3 m / (3.14 x 0.20 m) = 39,755.56 turns. Solenoid length(l) = 1.4 m Diameter of solenoid (d) = 20 cm = 0.2 m Length of wire = 2513.3 m.

The formula of the solenoid, the Number of turns of the solenoid is given by; N=Length of wire /(Pi*d^2/4)L = 2513.3 m Diameter of the solenoid (d) = 0.2 m. Putting the values in the above equation, we get; N = 2513.3 / (3.14 * 0.2^2 / 4)N = 2513.3 / (3.14 * 0.04 / 4)N = 2513.3 / 0.0314N = 80000 turnsTherefore, the number of turns of wire that can be included in the solenoid is 80000.

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The muzzle speed of the bullet fired from the rifle is approximately 1349.1 ft/s.

When a rifle is fired with an angle of elevation, the muzzle speed can be determined if the maximum height of the bullet is known.

The formula for finding the muzzle speed of a bullet fired from a rifle is given by;v = sqrt((gH) / sin(2θ))

where;v = Muzzle speed of the bulletg = Acceleration due to gravityH = Maximum height of the bulletθ = Angle of elevation.

Thus, the muzzle speed of the bullet can be found.SolutionIn the given problem, the angle of elevation of the rifle is not given, but we have been given the maximum height of the bullet.

Muzzle speed of,

v = sqrt((gH) / sin(2θ)) , We have been given that the maximum height of the bullet is 375 ft.

Therefore, H = 375 ft.We are supposed to find the muzzle speed of the bullet. Therefore, we will represent the muzzle speed of the bullet by v.

We have been given the value of the acceleration due to gravity, which is;g = 32 ft/s²Now, we have to find the value of θ, which is the angle of elevation of the rifle.

The value of θ, we will use the formula for finding the maximum height of a projectile given by;H = (v²sin²θ) / (2g)We have been given that H = 375 ft, g = 32 ft/s².

Rearrange the formula for H to get;θ = sin⁻¹(2gH / v²)θ = sin⁻¹((2×32×375) / v²)θ = sin⁻¹(24000 / v²)Using a scientific calculator, we will find thatθ ≈ 21.37°

The muzzle speed;v = sqrt((gH) / sin(2θ))v = sqrt((32 × 375) / sin(2 × 21.37)), v ≈ 1349.1 ft/s. Therefore, the muzzle speed of the bullet fired from the rifle is approximately 1349.1 ft/s.

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A rising parcel of unstable air is an air mass that is warmer than the surrounding air and is therefore buoyant. It can rise until it reaches an area where its temperature is the same as the surrounding air, the tropopause.

The tropopause is the boundary between the troposphere (the lowest part of the atmosphere) and the stratosphere (the next layer of the atmosphere).

At this level, the air is very stable and so the air parcel cannot rise any further.

The air parcel may eventually escape into space, however it will not be slowed by entrainment, the process by which the parcel loses energy and slows down due to friction.

As the parcel rises, the atmospheric pressure decreases and the temperature increases due to the decrease in air density.

As it rises further, the air pressure decreases until it reaches the tropopause, where it then plateaus.

Once the air reaches the tropopause, it has reached a level of equilibrium and can no longer rise further as the temperature and pressure remain constant.

The tropopause also acts as a barrier to air moving from the stratosphere to the troposphere.

This is due to the temperature inversion that occurs when the temperature in the troposphere decreases with altitude while the temperature in the stratosphere increases with altitude.

This inversion creates a strong stratospheric temperature gradient, making it difficult for air to move between the two layers.

A rising parcel of unstable air can rise well into the mesosphere but cannot rise very far above the tropopause.

The tropopause acts as a barrier to air moving between the troposphere and the stratosphere due to its temperature inversion, and the air parcel may eventually escape into space without being slowed by entrainment.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Because by Wien's Law, they emit strongest in infrared and human eyes cannot see infrared radiation