PART B: DIRECI MAL
At the beginning of June, Faiz Mainan Sdn. Bhd. Budgeted 5,000 toys action figures to be
manufactured in June at standard direct materials and direct labor costs as follows:
Sp
Direct materials
RM50,000
Direct labor
RM36,000
Total
RM86,000
The standard materials price is RM4. 00 per pound. The standard direct labor rate is RM18. 00
per hour. At the end of June, the actual direct materials and direct labor costs were as follows:
Actual direct materials
RM49,600
RM34,020
Actual direct labor
Total
RM83,620
There were no direct materials price or direct labor rate variance for June. In addition, assume
no charges in the direct materials inventory balances in June. Faiz Mainan Sdn. Bhd. Actually
produced 4,850 units of toys action figures during June.
REQUIRED:
(a) Determine the direct materials price variance.
(6) Determine the direct labor rate variance. ​

The type of aggregate production plan that is likely to have the least negative impact on the local community and the workforce is one that implements sustainable and responsible production practices.

This type of plan involves utilizing practices that promote environmental conservation, conserve natural resources, minimize waste, and reduce air and water pollution. Additionally, it should prioritize local labor and promote equitable wages and benefits for employees.

To ensure a positive impact, an aggregate production plan should include measures such as:

1. Minimizing dust and noise pollution by using modern and efficient extraction and processing techniques.
2. Conserving natural resources by using renewable energy sources and water-efficient technologies.
3. Ensuring workers’ safety and well-being through proper training and enforcement of health and safety standards.
4. Establishing reasonable work hours and providing competitive wages and benefits to employees.
5. Addressing any potential health risks posed by the operations by conducting regular health risk assessments.
6. Conducting regular inspections of the production site to ensure compliance with local regulations.
7. Engaging with the local community to ensure that any negative impacts are minimized.

By following these steps, an aggregate production plan can be designed to minimize negative impacts on the local community and the workforce.

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The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that affected the Great Plains region of the United States during the 1930s.

While Texas was not as severely affected as some other states in the region, the state did experience significant economic and environmental consequences as a result of the Dust Bowl.

One of the main effects of the Dust Bowl on Texas was a decline in agricultural production. The dust storms destroyed crops and made it difficult to grow new ones, leading to a decline in agricultural output and a loss of income for farmers. This decline in agricultural production also had ripple effects throughout the state's economy, as businesses that relied on agriculture for their livelihoods were also impacted.

However, the Dust Bowl also led to some positive changes in Texas's economy. In response to the decline in agriculture, many farmers began to diversify their crops and invest in new technologies to help them adapt to the changing conditions. This led to the development of new industries in Texas, such as oil and gas exploration, which helped to stimulate economic growth and create new jobs.

Thus, the Dust Bowl had a significant impact on the economic development of Texas, both in terms of the challenges it presented and the opportunities it created.

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The bond market is a financial market where investors can buy and sell bonds. Bonds are debt instruments issued by governments and companies to raise money.

They typically promise to pay out a fixed amount of interest over the life of the bond. The bond market is different from the stock market in a few ways.

For one, there is no central, organized bond exchange, so most bond trading is done over-the-counter between two parties. Additionally, bonds are traded more often than stocks, meaning that bond prices fluctuate more rapidly.

Lastly, the total dollar value of most bond trades is smaller than most stock trades, and most bond traders are individual investors. Overall, the bond market provides investors with an opportunity to earn a steady stream of income from their investments.

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Here is a list of gadgets that are no longer blanketed in the GDP: Sales of items that have been produced outside our home borders. Sales of used goods. Illegal sales of items and offerings (which we name the black market)

GDP data does not include the production of nonmarket goods, the underground economy, production consequences on the environment, or the cost placed on entertainment time.

The 4 components of gross home product are personal consumption, commercial enterprise investment, authorities spending, and net exports.

In 2021, the finance, actual estate, insurance, rental, and leasing industry introduced the most price to the GDP of the United States. In that year, this enterprise brought 4.88 trillion U.S. bucks to the countrywide GDP.

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The statement "the Untied States economic forecast is a publication by McKinsey University Press" is FALSE.  Because McKinsey & Company does provide economic forecasting services as part of its consulting services, but it does not publish a publication called "The United States Economic Forecast."

An economic forecast is a prediction of what will happen to the economy in the future. This prediction may be made on a national or regional level, and it may cover the short, medium, or long term. An economic forecast can be beneficial to policymakers, businesses, and investors because it provides information that can help them plan for the future. A variety of economic indicators, such as gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, and unemployment, are used to make an economic forecast.

McKinsey & Company is a multinational consulting firm that offers strategic management consulting services to a wide range of clients. McKinsey University Press, on the other hand, is a publishing house that publishes books on management and business strategy. That is why the given statement is false.

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The total direct labor hours will the company need to budget for each month is: 3,400.

What is direct labor?

Direct labor is the total cost of the workers who actually complete the product. This refers to the total expense of the workforce required to make a product or provide a service.

Direct labor, also known as touch labor, comprises wages, salaries, and benefits associated with the production of goods that are incorporated into the final product or service delivered to the customer.

The formula to calculate direct labor hours is given as:

Direct Labor Hours = (Small weddings × 100) + (Medium weddings × 250) + (Large weddings × 400)

Now substituting the given values, we have:

Direct Labor Hours = (2 × 100) + (6 × 250) + (3 × 400)

Direct Labor Hours = 200 + 1,500 + 1,200

Direct Labor Hours = 3,400

Therefore, the total direct labor hours will the company need to budget for each month is 3,400.

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Jane's effective marginal tax is 80%.Jane's effective marginal tax can be calculated by computing the change in taxes for a change in income divided by the change in income. This is expressed as a percentage. A tax that is deducted from the following year's income as a result of an increase in income during the current year is referred to as a marginal tax.

The earned income tax credit is reduced to zero if her earnings rise to $30,000. When her earnings rise to $30,000, she would lose $1000 in earned income tax credit because this amount is the earned income tax credit she receives at $25,000. We can determine the change in tax as $1000.

The $5000 in in-kind transfers, on the other hand, would be reduced by $2000. The difference in in-kind transfers is $3000.Subtracting the difference in taxes from the difference in in-kind transfers yields a net increase in tax of $1000.

Her earnings have increased by $5000. So, Jane's effective marginal tax is calculated as follows:

Effective marginal tax = $1000/$5000 = 20%.

This suggests that for each $1 increase in earnings, Jane's taxes rise by 20 cents. However, this does not consider the loss of in-kind transfers. Therefore, Jane's effective marginal tax will now be calculated by taking into account the loss of in-kind transfers.

Effective marginal tax = ($1000 - $2000)/($5000 + $3000) = - $1000/$8000 = -0.125 = -12.5%.

Note: The minus (-) sign in the answer implies that her overall disposable income decreases by 12.5 percent of her increase in earnings. Therefore, when Jane earns an additional $1, her disposable income drops by 12.5 cents. To get the effective marginal tax as a percentage, subtract it from zero, then multiply it by 100. Jane's effective marginal tax is thus 80 percent.

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True. Financial leverage is the use of debt or other financial instruments to amplify the returns on equity. It affects both Earnings per Share (EPS) and Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT). EPS is calculated by dividing net income by the number of outstanding shares.

The use of debt increases the number of shares outstanding, thus decreasing EPS. EBIT is the amount of income that remains after the company pays its operational expenses, i.e. cost of goods sold and general and administrative expenses. Financial leverage affects EBIT because it increases the amount of debt that the company has to service, thus reducing the amount of income available to shareholders.

On the other hand, operating leverage is the use of fixed costs to increase the profitability of a business. It affects only EBIT because it increases the percent of revenue that is paid as fixed costs, thus reducing the income available to shareholders. This can be seen in the company's balance sheet as an increase in the amount of fixed costs relative to variable costs. Therefore, while both financial leverage and operating leverage affect EBIT, only financial leverage affects EPS.

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One characteristic of plant assets is that they are used in operations.

Plant assets are long-term tangible assets that are used in operations and are not intended for sale to customers, such as land, buildings, machinery, and vehicles. They are typically used for more than one accounting period and are depreciated over time to reflect their decreasing value.

Plant assets are critical to a company's operations, as they are used to produce goods and services, support administrative activities, and generate revenue. As a result, they are essential to a company's long-term success and should be carefully managed and maintained.

Overall, plant assets are an important component of a company's financial statements, as they represent a significant investment and contribute to the company's overall value.

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When the firm uses 60 units of labor, 166.66 is average total cost at this output.

Option C is correct.

Average total cost = 120,000 - 2000/ 60

                             = 10000 / 60

                             =  166.66

The average total cost is calculated by dividing the total output by the total costs of production. To put it another way, the average cost is the sum of the firm's total fixed and variable costs divided by the number of units produced.

When deciding on a price, it's critical to know ATC because prices below it will cost you money. You will also be able to understand how the average cost works over long periods of time if you understand its significance. Cost, for instance, fluctuates based on production efficiency and seasonal demand.

Question incomplete:

The following graph shows the marginal and average product curves for labor, the firm's only variable input. The monthly wage for labor is $2,000. Fixed cost is $120,000.

When the firm uses 60 units of labor, what is average total cost at this output?

A) $44.44

B) $60

C) $166.66

D) $120

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5,000 units of production must be produced by the company.

A perfectly competitive firm (PC firm) optimises profits at the output level where marginal cost (MC) equals marginal revenue (MR) (MR). The firm can create additional output to boost the profit because MC is still smaller than MR if the output level is below the level that maximises profits.

Economic profit = Total revenue - Total cost

Economic profit = (Price x Quantity) - (Average total cost x Quantity)

$20,000 = ($14 x Quantity) - ($10 x Quantity)

$20,000 = $4 x Quantity

Quantity = $20,000 / $4

Quantity = 5,000

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The phrase is an idiomatic expression used to imply that poor time management or poor planning on the part of one person does not necessarily have to turn into a crisis for another person.

It means that if someone does not take the time to prepare or plan, they cannot necessarily expect someone else to drop everything and deal with a problem that they have created. They can not assume that someone else will put their needs ahead of their own priorities because of someone else's lack of planning.There are different scenarios in which this expression could be used, but all of them share a common thread.

In general, this phrase is used when someone fails to take responsibility for their own situation and instead expects someone else to resolve their issues.A person's lack of planning or forethought does not always have to cause an emergency or crisis in someone else's life, and as a result, that person is not obligated to rush to their aid. In other words, if you failed to plan, you planned to fail. The use of this phrase emphasizes that individuals should take responsibility for their own decisions, and that they should not always rely on others to bail them out when they make mistakes.  Hence, this idiomatic expression emphasizes the significance of planning and taking responsibility for one's actions.

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False. The expression "quality at the source" refers to the principle that quality should be built into a product or service from the beginning of the production process, rather than relying on inspection or correction after the fact.

This means that each person responsible for a particular aspect of the production process is responsible for ensuring that the quality of their work meets the required standards. This includes suppliers and vendors, who are expected to provide high-quality inputs that meet the required specifications. Therefore, "quality at the source" is not just about purchasing the best quality from suppliers, but also about ensuring that the production process is designed to produce high-quality outputs from the start.

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The degree of operating leverage is 4.74, the increase in operating cash flow will be $37,216, and the new degree of operating leverage will be 5.65.

What is the degree of operating leverage? The formula to calculate the degree of operating leverage is as follows: Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) = % Change in Operating Cash Flow (OCF) / % Change in Quantity Sold (Q) Where % Change in Operating Cash Flow (OCF) = [(OCF at Q2 - OCF at Q1) / OCF at Q1] x 100% and % Change in Quantity Sold (Q) = [(Q2 - Q1) / Q1] x 100% Fixed Costs = $76,000OCF at 9,200 units = $108,700DOL = [(108,700 - 0) / 108,700] / [(9,200 - 0) / 9,200] = 4.74

If units sold rise from 9,200 to 10,000, what will be the increase in operating cash flow? The formula to calculate the increase in operating cash flow is as follows: Increase in OCF = DOL x % Change in Quantity Sold x OCF at Q1DOL = 4.74% Change in Quantity Sold = [(10,000 - 9,200) / 9,200] x 100% = 8.7%OCF at Q1 = $108,700 Increase in OCF = 4.74 x 8.7 x $108,700 = $37,216

What is the new degree of operating leverage? The formula to calculate the new degree of operating leverage is as follows: DOL = [(New OCF - OCF at Q1) / OCF at Q1] / [(New Quantity - Q1) / Q1]Fixed Costs = $76,000OCF at 9,200 units = $108,700New OCF = $108,700 + $37,216 = $145,916New Quantity = 10,000DOL = [(145,916 - 108,700) / 108,700] / [(10,000 - 9,200) / 9,200] = 5.65Therefore, the degree of operating leverage is 4.74, the increase in operating cash flow will be $37,216, and the new degree of operating leverage will be 5.65.

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Question content: Area bonds payable has a balance of $812,000, and premium on bonds payable has a balance of $8,932. If the issuing corporation redeems the bonds at 102,

a. $7,308 lossb. $8,932 gainc. $8,932 lossd. $7,308 gain The corporation is redeeming its bonds payable.

To calculate the gain or loss on redemption, the following equation may be used:

Amount paid to redeem the bond - Book value of the bond = Gain or loss

For the bonds payable account, the book value is the sum of the bonds payable and the unamortized premium account, as shown below:

Book value of bond = bonds payable + unamortized premium = $812,000 + $8,932 = $820,932

Given that the corporation redeems the bonds at 102 percent, the amount paid to redeem the bond is 102 percent of the book value of the bond, as shown below:

Amount paid to redeem bond = 102% × $820,932 = $836,542.64

Therefore, gain or loss on redemption = Amount paid to redeem the bond - Book value of the bond= $836,542.64 - $820,932 = $15,610.64Since the amount is positive, the correct answer is D: $7,308 gain.

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If a bank has a capital to asset ratio of 0.1 and a return on equity of 10%, its return on assets will be 1%.

Return on assets (ROA) = Net Income / Total Assets. The capital to asset ratio is the total capital to total assets ratio, and it represents the amount of leverage used by a bank. A lower capital-to-asset ratio is desirable since it allows for a greater amount of asset investments. A return on equity (ROE) is the amount of net income generated by a business, divided by its shareholder equity.

ROE provides a measure of a company's profitability based on its shareholder's capital contribution. Return on equity (ROE) = Net Income / Shareholders Equity. We can calculate the return on assets (ROA).

ROE = Net Income / Shareholders Equity

10% = Net Income / Shareholders Equity (Equation 1)

ROA = Net Income / Total Assets

We need to calculate Net Income and Total Assets: Total Assets = Shareholders Equity / Capital to Asset Ratio

= Shareholders Equity / 0.1 (Equation 2)

Net Income = ROE * Shareholders Equity= 0.1 * Shareholders Equity (from Equation 1)

We can replace Net Income and Total Assets in (Equation 3)

ROA = Net Income / Total Assets= 0.1 * Shareholders Equity / Shareholders Equity / 0.1= 0.1 / 0.1= 1%

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Internal markets, which are markets that managers set up within their organization, are based on predetermined prices rather than equilibrium prices. The correct answer is B.

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Managerial accounting primarily focuses on past performance using historical information, emphasis is on projects, processes, and divisions. These four characteristics are the correct answers.

Managerial accounting is a type of accounting that concentrates on the provision of accounting information for use by internal stakeholders of an organization. It is also referred to as management accounting. Its characteristics are highlighted below:

Primarily focuses on past performance using historical information:

Managerial accounting focuses on the past financial transactions and their impact on the organization. This means that it uses historical data to help managers make informed decisions for the future.

Emphasis is on projects, processes, and divisions:

The primary aim of managerial accounting is to help managers to evaluate the financial performance of a division, project, or process. This means that it seeks to identify the profitability of different segments of an organization.

Information is usually available only after an audit:

To ensure that the information provided by managerial accounting is accurate and relevant, it often requires an audit. This means that the information is available only after an audit is performed.

Focus is on internal users:

Managerial accounting focuses on the information needs of internal stakeholders of an organization. This includes management and employees, who use the information provided to make decisions.

Includes mostly monetary and some nonmonetary information:

Managerial accounting provides both monetary and nonmonetary information. The monetary information refers to financial transactions and includes cash inflows and outflows, revenues, expenses, and profits. On the other hand, non-monetary information refers to non-financial measures such as customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and productivity.

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A firm's average costs can be seen to fluctuate over time using the long run average cost curve. The adjustment shows that as the curve slopes downward, the cost per unit falls.

The economies of scale curve, which allows for the adjustment of all production parameters, is a long-run average cost curve. In the short-run average cost curves previously in this chapter, only changes in variable costs were permitted since fixed costs were believed to exist.

A firm's average costs can be seen to fluctuate over time using the long run average cost curve. Because it is possible to see change from point A to point B, the cost per unit falls as the curve slopes down. The average cost increases less proportionately to output along the downward-sloping portion of the curve due to economies of scale.

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Answer:

it allows all factors of production to change

Explanation:

(econ1101, ch3gg)

The statement "strategic trade policy does not advocate for government intervention in international trade" is false  because  to increase a country's competitive advantage.  

This can be done through tariffs, subsidies, export and import quotas, and foreign direct investment. These interventions are often aimed at creating jobs, promoting local industry, and making the nation competitive in the global market.

For example, the US imposed tariffs on imported steel in 2018 to protect domestic steel production, which increased employment in the steel industry and made the US more competitive in the global market. In short, strategic trade policy does advocate for government intervention in international trade.

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Debit Unearned Revenue for $2,100 and credit Deferred Sales Revenue for $2,100.

Pastina credited deferred sales revenue for $2,100 received in December for spaghetti to be delivered in January 2025. The necessary adjusting entry on December 31, 2024, is:

Deferred sales revenue is a liability account that represents revenue that a company has received from customers but has yet to recognize. It's recognized as revenue once the company provides the goods or services.

The adjusting entry is as follows: On December 31, 2024, debit Unearned Revenue for $2,100 and credit Deferred Sales Revenue for $2,100.

Explanation: To prepare an adjusting entry, you must determine the amount of revenue that has been earned but not yet recorded. The company has received $2,100 for spaghetti, which will be delivered in January 2025. As a result, the company should credit its Deferred Sales Revenue account and debit its Unearned Revenue account.

To prepare the necessary adjusting entry on December 31, 2024, debit Unearned Revenue for $2,100 and credit Deferred Sales Revenue for $2,100.

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Simpson is eligible to itemize deductions for medical expenses that exceed the standard deduction. The total medical expenses that Simpson incurred this year are $9,050.

To calculate the amount of medical expenses that will be included with Simpson’s itemized deductions, the following limitations must be applied:

1. First, only the medical expenses that are in excess of 7.5% of Simpson’s Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) of $51,000 are eligible for deduction. In this case, that would be $3,825 (7.5% of $51,000).

2. Second, if Simpson is eligible to receive reimbursement for any of his medical expenses from an insurance plan, then that amount is subtracted from the total medical expenses. This would include any premiums paid by Simpson through an exchange.

Therefore, Simpson is eligible to deduct $5,225 (total medical expenses of $9,050 minus the standard deduction of $3,825 and the insurance reimbursement of $975).

In conclusion, Simpson can include $5,225 in his itemized deductions for medical expenses. This is calculated by subtracting the standard deduction of 7.5% of AGI ($3,825) and any insurance reimbursements ($975) from the total medical expenses of $9,050.

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The portion of a shipment that does not take place in the importing country or the exporting country is called a transit.

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Answer:

if you can please help me I don't understand this

If she assembled specific members from each of these units to work together in a team to set goals and pursue their own goals in ways defined by the team itself, then this would be an example of The correct answer d. Venture Team.

What is a Venture Team? A Venture Team is a temporary unit that is formed to achieve a particular goal, which could be either to develop a new product or service or to address a particular issue that the organization is dealing with. A Venture Team typically includes employees from a variety of functional areas, departments, or divisions, and members are chosen for their knowledge and skills relevant to the project.

The Venture Team leader is usually a senior manager with a lot of experience in project management. The Venture Team is frequently referred to as a “task force” or a “project team.” A Venture Team is also known as an “ad hoc” or “temporary” team because it is created to work on a specific project and will be disbanded once the project is finished. In this case, assembling specific members from each of these units to work together in a team to set goals and pursue their own goals in ways defined by the team itself would be an example of a Venture Team.

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Unbalanced capacities that limit cost savings, difficulties in combining specializations, and reduced flexibility are disadvantages associated with strategic alliances.

The option that best suits the given statement is strategic alliances.

Strategic Alliances refer to the voluntary agreement of two or more companies to collaborate and share their resources to achieve a common objective. It is a formal relationship between two or more companies, wherein they share their resources, technology, and expertise to achieve a specific objective.

In such alliances, each company remains independent and maintains its identity, but they work together to achieve a common goal. Strategic alliances may help in cost-saving and increasing profitability.

However, there are some disadvantages associated with strategic alliances. The disadvantages include the following:

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Salesforce chose trust, growth, innovation, and equality as its four pillars of success because these values help to build and maintain a strong corporate culture that benefits both employees and customers.

These values are important for a company that provides CRM software because they help to create an environment in which customers can trust the company, employees are encouraged to innovate and grow, and everyone is treated fairly and equally.

Trust: Salesforce has made trust a top priority because trust is essential in any business. Customers need to know that they can trust a company to keep their data safe and secure.

Salesforce has taken steps to ensure that its customers can trust the company with their data, such as providing transparency about its data security practices and earning various certifications.

Growth: Salesforce has prioritized growth because the company believes that growth is essential to staying ahead of the competition. Salesforce has grown rapidly since its inception, and it has invested heavily in research and development to ensure that it continues to innovate and provide value to its customers.

Innovation: Salesforce has made innovation a key part of its culture because innovation is essential in the rapidly changing world of technology. Salesforce has a dedicated team of researchers and developers who are constantly working to improve its products and services.

Equality: Salesforce has prioritized equality because the company believes that everyone deserves to be treated fairly and with respect. Salesforce has taken steps to promote equality, such as implementing equal pay policies and supporting diversity and inclusion initiatives.

These efforts have helped to create a more inclusive and diverse workforce, which benefits both employees and customers.

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The total return on a stock is the combination of any capital gains and dividends received. In this case, the stock of Sweet Treats is currently selling for $45.10 per share and is expected to pay an annual dividend increase of 2.5 percent and a dividend of $3.25 in one year.

The total return on this stock is calculated by first determining the dividend yield, which is the annual dividend divided by the share price. In this case, the dividend yield would be 7.2 percent ($3.25/$45.10). Next, the total return would be the dividend yield plus the expected dividend increase of 2.5 percent, giving a total return of 9.7 percent.

The total return is an important metric to consider when investing in stocks because it provides an indication of how much an investor can expect to receive over the holding period. It is important to note that the total return is not a guarantee of performance, as stock prices and dividends can fluctuate over time.

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Strategic trade protection advocates observe that the overall effect of a tariff on gains from trade can be positive if the tariff is effective at increasing the demand for domestically produced goods.

This increased demand would increase the domestic firms' output and result in greater overall efficiency from increased production. Tariffs are taxes imposed by governments on imported goods, and when a country imposes a tariff, it can reduce consumer surplus.

The positive effects of a tariff can also extend beyond the domestic market and into the global economy. A tariff can be used to protect a certain industry from foreign competition and create a barrier to entry for foreign firms.

This can help increase the economic power of domestic firms and can also lead to increased efficiency and productivity gains through the transfer of technology, investment, and production techniques.

These increased demand and associated economic benefits can create an overall positive outcome for the domestic economy.

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The primary purpose of the legal system in an authoritarian state like Russia, North Korea, or China is: b. To serve the rulers and the state

In an authoritarian state like Russia, North Korea, or China, the primary purpose of the legal system is to serve the rulers and the state. This means that the legal system is designed to maintain the power and authority of the ruling class or political elite, rather than to protect the rights and freedoms of individual citizens.

The laws and legal processes are often used as a tool of control and repression, allowing the rulers to silence dissent, maintain social order, and consolidate their power. The legal system serves the interests of the state and the rulers, rather than the people.

Option b is the correct answer.

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