The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation were mainly related to the limited power of the federal government.
Two of these weaknesses were the inability of the federal government to levy taxes (i) and the inability to raise an army (iii). Without the ability to raise funds or maintain a standing army, the federal government was unable to effectively defend the country, regulate commerce, or address other important national issues.
In addition, the Articles of Confederation established a unicameral Congress in which each state had only one vote, leading to issues of representation and decision-making. Therefore, the correct answer is (b) i and iii as the two weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
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research on the possible hormonal influences on aggression has indicated that: testosterone levels influence animal aggression but not human aggression. gender differences in aggression are clearly unrelated to hormonal differences. administering testosterone reduces aggression in most animals. the gender difference in aggression appears early in life and wanes as testosterone levels decline during adulthood.
The research on the possible hormonal influences on aggression has indicated that violent male criminals have higher than normal testosterone levels.
According to study on potential hormonal implications on aggression, violent male criminals have testosterone levels that are greater than average.
Increases in male-typical behaviors, such as physical aggression and rage, are thought to be correlated with higher levels of circulating testosterone in men, according to anecdotal and preliminary correlational evidence.
Inmates who had committed sexual and violent crimes against others had greater testosterone levels than those who had stolen items or engaged in narcotics or burglary crimes. Along with breaking more prison regulations, inmates with greater testosterone levels frequently engaged in overt confrontation.
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Research on the relationship between hormones and aggression suggests that testosterone levels do influence aggression in animals but not necessarily in humans. In animals, high levels of testosterone can increase aggressive behavior, while administering testosterone can reduce aggression in some cases.
Gender differences in aggression are not clearly related to hormonal differences, as studies have shown that women can be just as aggressive as men. Interestingly, the gender difference in aggression appears early in life, but tends to decline as testosterone levels decrease during adulthood.
While hormones may play a role in aggression, it is clear that other factors such as socialization, culture, and individual differences also play important roles in shaping aggressive behavior.
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empirical scientists use: select one: a. logic to prove that their theories are correct b. data to test whether their theories make the correct predictions c. intuition to reason about how the mind works d. all of the choices are correct.
Option b: Empirical scientists they use data to test whether their theories make the correct predictions (hypotheses).
Actual research is study that relies on actual data. Additionally, it is a method of learning through both direct and secondary experience or watching. Some types of study are valued by empiricism more than others. Either a quantitative or a qualitative analysis can be performed on empirical data (the record of one's personal encounters or firsthand views).
A researcher can respond to empirical questions by quantifying the evidence or interpreting it qualitatively. These questions should be clearly stated and respondable with the evidence gathered. (usually called data).
The topic being investigated and the area of study influence the research design. Particularly in the social sciences and in education, many researchers mix qualitative and quantitative forms of analysis to better address issues that cannot be examined in laboratory environments.
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what feature(s) is (are) truly unique about the the playing field of the texas rangers compared to other ballparks in the warm-season zone?
The Texas Rangers playing field has a unique retractable roof, which allows for climate control during games and protection from inclement weather.
The Texas Ranger's home field stands out from other warm-season ballparks thanks to a few distinctive characteristics. The retractable canopy, which can be opened or closed depending on the situation, is the most unique feature. The roof shields the participants and spectators from bad weather and aids in maintaining a comfortable environment during sports.
The stadium also has a display screen that stretches past the outfield and offers spectators a distinctive watching experience. The arena also has a sizable pool area where spectators can enjoy sports from a distinctive vantage point. The Texas Rangers' playing surface is made to be both contemporary and welcoming for players and spectators.
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the social-cognitive perspective highlights the importance of personal traits and environment, a process that albert bandura called responses free association. free association. self-actualization. self-actualization. reciprocal determinism. reciprocal determinism. reaction formation. reaction formation. attributional style.
The social-cognitive perspective stresses the interaction of personal characteristics with our surroundings, which Albert Bandura referred to as reciprocal determinism.
Reciprocal determinism is a theory presented by psychologist Albert Bandura that asserts that personal and social variables affect and are influenced by a person's behavior. Bandura admits that the use of repercussions can influence an individual's behavior.
For example, Bandura's reciprocal determinism could emerge when a child misbehaves at school. The child acts out in class because he or she dislikes coming to school. As a result, teachers and school officials dislike having the kid around.
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according to interdependence theory, someone that is in a happy and stable relationship experiences actual relationship outcome that:
According to interdependence theory, individuals who are in a happy and stable relationship experience an actual relationship outcome that is positive and meets their expectations for the relationship.
According to the interdependence theory, the actual relationship outcome is the relationship as it is right now, taking into account both its positive and negative aspects. This includes aspects of the relationship's intimacy, trust, commitment, satisfaction, and happiness.
People who are content and stable in their relationships are more likely to have actual relationships that live up to or surpass their expectations. Their general well-being and sense of fulfillment in life may benefit from this.
It is crucial to keep in mind that the interdependence theory also considers other elements, such as comparison levels, comparison levels for alternatives, and the degree of interdependence between partners, in addition to the actual relationship outcome.
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2. what does a coaching philosophy consist of? a. the values a coach has and wants to achieve b. the number of contests a coach expects to win during the season c. the opinions that others hold about what a coach wants to achieve d. all of these e. a and b
A coaching philosophy consists of the values a coach has and wants to achieve. This includes the coach's beliefs about the purpose of sports, the role of the coach, and the goals and objectives for the team and individual athletes. In this, the correct answer is all of this e. a and b
A coaching philosophy guides a coach's decision-making and helps to establish the team's culture and identity.
It is important for coaches to develop a clear and consistent coaching philosophy, as this can help to establish trust and rapport with athletes, promote team cohesion, and contribute to long-term success. While a coach's philosophy may evolve over time, it should be grounded in a set of core values and principles that are consistent with the coach's personal beliefs and coaching style.
The number of contests a coach expects to win during the season or the opinions that others hold about what a coach wants to achieve are not typically considered part of a coaching philosophy, as they are focused on outcomes rather than values and principles. Therefore, the correct answer is (e) a and b.
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gabriella's left prefrontal cortex was damaged as the result of an automobile accident. as a result, her friends have noticed that:
Gabriella's friends have noticed that she seems to have lost her capacity for joy when her left prefrontal cortex was damaged as a result of an automobile accident.
The front of the frontal lobe of the brain contains the prefrontal cortex. It plays a significant role in the emergence of personality and is involved in several complex actions, including planning.
For instance, a person who has damage in the prefrontal cortex could have emotional reactions that are dull. Even worse, they could struggle to start activities and become hostile and impatient. Last but not least, they could struggle with jobs that call for long-term planning and impulse control. Even relatively low levels of acute, unmanageable stress can result in a sharp decline in prefrontal cognitive functions, and longer-term stress exposure alters the architecture of prefrontal dendrites.
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which type of design would be used by researchers investigating the relationship between caregivers` coping strategies and the occurrence of abuse of older adults?
A research design that would be suitable for investigating the relationship between caregivers' coping strategies and the occurrence of abuse of older adults is a correlational research design.
Researchers would gather data on both careers' coping strategies and the occurrence of elder abuse in a correlational design, then investigate the relationship between these two variables.
The objective is to see if there is a statistically significant correlation between the two variables, and if so, what the direction and strength of that correlation is.
It should be noted that a correlational design does not prove causality. As a result, finding a link between careers' coping strategies and the occurrence of elder abuse does not inherently imply that one variable causes the other.
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micah is a 3-week-old newborn. a test of habituation reveals that he prefers listening to his mother's language over any other language. what is the best explanation for this? micah:
Micah is a 3-week-old newborn a trial of adjustment uncovers that he favors paying attention to his mom's language over some other language. Minch recognizes the rhythm, sound, and cadence of his mother language.
Like grown-ups, babies like to regard for new and intriguing things. Assuming left in a similar climate, over the long haul they become acquainted with their environmental elements and try to ignore them. This interaction is called habituation.
In any case, the second something new occurs, babies are prepared to focus once more. Specialists have known for quite a while that babies like to pay attention to voices communicating in the language that they've been paying attention to in the womb.
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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
Micah is a 3-week-old newborn. a test of habituation reveals that he prefers listening to his mother's language over any other language. what is the best explanation for this?
what is the most significant difference between the class system and the systems of slavery, caste, and estate? group of answer choices the class system existed before the other three. the class system has fluid boundaries allowing movement between classes. the class system works in democracies. the class system is not based on religion.
The most significant difference between the class system and the systems of slavery, caste, and estate is that the class system has fluid boundaries allowing movement between classes.
In this case option A is correct
In a class system, social mobility is possible, and individuals can move up or down the social ladder based on their achievements, education, and economic status.
This means that one's social status is not necessarily determined by birth or family background, as is the case in caste and estate systems, where individuals are assigned to a particular social position based on their family lineage or occupation.
Slavery, on the other hand, involves the ownership of individuals as property, where they are forced to work without pay and are subject to physical and emotional abuse. Therefore, the class system is distinct from other social systems because it provides the possibility of social mobility based on personal merit and achievement, rather than on predetermined factors such as birth or ownership.
In this case option A is correct
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which model of relationship development occurs in ten staircase steps? turning point model relational trajectory model equity theory model knapp's stage model
Knapp's stage model of relationship development occurs in ten staircase steps.
Relationship development is portrayed as a ten step process that is divided into two phases by Knapp's relational development model. The model, developed by and named after communication expert Mark L. Knapp, advises that each step should be carried out sequentially and one at a time to ensure effectiveness. Each of these relationships has a consistent process for how it begins, how it continues, and how it ends for those who stay together. Professor Mark Knapp at the University of Texas investigated the relationship pattern and provided ten steps to describe it.
The initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, and bonding stages, along with the steps leading upward toward commitment, make up this stage model of relationship development.
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After many African nations achieved independence from their colonizers in the 1900s, unrest followed. Some of theconflicts, such as in Rwanda and Sudan, led to_____
or an attempt to destroy a whole group of people.
A Democracy
B Pan-Africanism
C Genocide
D Non-violent protesting
Answer:
Genocide
Explanation:
After achieving independence, many African nations experienced political, social, and economic turmoil. Some of the conflicts that emerged in the wake of independence, such as in Rwanda and Sudan, resulted in genocide, which is the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, ethnic, religious, or national group.
In Rwanda, in 1994, the Hutu majority government launched a genocide against the Tutsi minority, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 800,000 people, mostly Tutsis, and moderate Hutus.
Similarly, in Sudan, the government-backed Arab militias launched a campaign of ethnic cleansing against non-Arab populations in the western region of Darfur, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people and the displacement of millions.
These conflicts highlight the complex legacies of colonialism and the challenges that newly independent African nations faced in establishing stable and inclusive political systems.
if you had a child in your first grade classroom with mild cerebral palsy affecting some aspects of academic achievement, which plan would describe accommodations in her learning environment?
If you had a child in your first grade classroom with mild cerebral palsy affecting some aspects of academic achievement you should prescribe IEP plan.
The IEP plan outlines the pupil's present performance position, chops, and needs in addition to concrete pretensions and objects that they will strive towards over the course of the coming time. Also, it contains details on any adaptations, differences, or assistive technologies that will be made to help the pupil access the general education class.
Every time, the IEP plan is examined and revised to make sure it still represents the pupil's objects and requirements while also reflecting their progress towards those pretensions. Every time a substantial shift in the pupil's performance or when fresh information becomes available that influences their educational conditions, the plan is also altered.
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travis observes that one of his employees always refuses to look him in the eye. he wonders if the employee lacks respect for him. later, travis sees that other employees also fail to look him in the eye. travis decides that the employees are not disrespectful of him, but rather that he must be intimidating them. travis makes this attribution based on . a. distinctiveness b. stereotyping c. consensus d. selective perception e. consistency
Travis makes this attribution based on distinctiveness. Distinctiveness refers to the extent to which a behavior is specific to a certain situation or occurs across a variety of situations.
In this case, Travis initially attributed the employee's behavior of not looking him in the eye to a lack of respect. However, when he noticed that other employees also exhibited this behavior, he recognized that it was not specific to his relationship with the first employee, but rather occurred across a variety of situations.
This led Travis to question his initial attribution and consider other possibilities, ultimately concluding that he may be intimidating his employees. Therefore, the correct answer is (a) distinctiveness.
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if you were tom morrison, would oyu implement a formal mentoring program at walnut insurance? if so, how would you address the vp's concerns? what alternatives to a formal mentoring program are available to morrison?
If Tom Morrison were to implement a formal mentoring program at Walnut Insurance, he would need to address the VP's concerns by highlighting the benefits of such a program.
For example, a formal mentoring program can help to increase employee satisfaction and retention, enhance skills and knowledge transfer, and promote career development. Morrison could also emphasize that the program can be tailored to address the specific concerns of the VP and other stakeholders.
If a formal mentoring program is not feasible, there are other alternatives available. For example, Morrison could consider implementing a job-shadowing program, where employees are given the opportunity to observe and learn from more experienced colleagues. He could also organize networking events and establish cross-functional teams to facilitate knowledge sharing and collaboration. Another option is to provide employees with access to external mentoring programs or online resources that can support their professional development.
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the surge in adrenaline caused by severe emotional distress causes the blood to clot more rapidly, a contributing factor in:
The surge in adrenaline due to severe emotional misery reasons the blood to clot more swiftly, a contributing thing in coronary heart attacks.
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys. It is a part of the body's stress response system and is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or emotional stress, fear, or excitement.
Adrenaline increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels, and it also dilates the pupils and bronchioles in the lungs, allowing more oxygen to enter the body. These effects help prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response, allowing it to respond quickly and effectively to perceived threats. Adrenaline can also have psychological effects, such as increased alertness, focus, and heightened senses. However, prolonged exposure to adrenaline can lead to fatigue, anxiety, and other negative effects on the body.
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one of the best ways to reduce speech anxiety is to: a. mentally block out the anxiety. b. speak only on tape. c. only speak to small groups. d. prepare until you are confident.
Speech anxiety, sometimes known as the dread of public speaking, is a widespread issue that impacts lots of people. The Correct option is D
Fortunately, there are a number of strategies to lessen this apprehension and feel more comfortable speaking in front of an audience. One of the greatest methods to achieve this is to prepare your speech and give it as much practice as you need to feel comfortable delivering it.
This makes the situation feel more manageable by enabling you to foresee probable difficulties and inquiries. While giving a speech to a small group or using a recording may offer some comfort, they do not deal with the root cause of fear. Instead, concentrate on organizing and perfecting your speech to overcome nerves and make a good presentation.
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the sentiments expressed in the image above are most consistent with those expressed toward which immigrant group below?
The sentiments expressed in the image above are most consistent with those expressed toward the Chinese in the late 1800s. The photo is called as "Close the gate" cartoon.
The Central Pacific Railroad in the 1860s and the California Gold Rush in the 1850s both used Chinese immigrants from the 19th century. Moreover, they performed labor in Western mines. At every level of society, they experienced racial prejudice.
About 1815, the first immigrants from this wave of China came in America. Men made up the majority of later immigrants who arrived between the 1820s and the late 1840s. From the beginning, they encountered mistrust and overt racism from the settled European populations, which manifested itself in everything from murders to forcing Chinese migrants into what came to be known as Chinatowns. Chinese immigrants in these areas experienced significantly greater government interference with their legal status than most other ethnic minorities do.
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self-report data show that: female delinquency is increasing more rapidly than male delinquiency b. there is no gender differences in minor delinquency c. there is no gender differences in serious delinquency d. none of the above
Self-reporting data shows none of the above mentioned options. The right answer is d.
Any test, measurement, or survey used in psychology that depends on a subject's self-report of their symptoms, actions, beliefs, or attitudes is known as a self-report. Self-report data is often collected using paper and pencil, an electronic format, or occasionally an interview.
Self-reporting is frequently utilised in psychological studies since it can provide a researcher or a clinician with useful and diagnostic data. Self-reporting has a number of benefits, one of which is accessibility. By asking questions, professionals diagnose their patients in another significant way. Self-reporters are typically accustomed to completing questionnaires.
The correct answer is option d.
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what are the factors that influence lifestyles?a.activities, interests, opinionsb.affiliation, personality, positioningc.activation, behavior, attituded.attitude, benefits, values
Attitude, benefits, values are the factors that influence lifestyles. The right answer is d.
The cornerstone of your life is made up of your values. They control the decisions you make and set the course of your life. Your decisions about your relationships, profession, and other activities will be influenced by your values. Your lifestyle is influenced by your values since you utilise them to choose between options.
Positivity encourages productivity, enables you to handle any issue successfully, and prevents you from giving up or losing all hope in the face of defeat. As opposed to the above, an adverse attitude will have the exact opposite result.
The correct answer is option d.
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it can reasonably be inferred from passage 2 that bryan considers the preference for national sovereignty over foreign rule to be a
It is reasonable to conclude from paragraph 2 that Bryan believes that people's preference for domestic sovereignty over foreign authority is an expression of a natural human desire for self-governance.
According to Bryan, everyone has an innate desire to live up to the self-rule ideal outlined in the Declaration of Independence. In fact, according to Bryan, "[God] never designed a race of people so low in the scale of civilization or intelligence that it would accept a foreign master."
Consequently, it is reasonable to conclude from Passage 2 that Bryan believes that people have an underlying need for self-government and that this desire is shown in their preference for national sovereignty over foreign domination.
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Correct Question:
It can reasonably be inferred from passage 2 that bryan considers the preference for national sovereignty over foreign rule to be a What.
Passage 2, Bryan argues that the principle of self-rule set forth in the Declaration of Independence is, in fact, a value that all people instinctively aspire to. Indeed, for Bryan, “[God] never made a race of people so low in the scale of civilization or intelligence that it would welcome a foreign master.” Therefore, it can reasonably be inferred from Passage 2 that Bryan considers the preference for national sovereignty over foreign rule to be a manifestation of an innate drive in humans toward self-rule.
grant and his wife rhonda decide to attend marital counseling. rhonda is frustrated with their sex life because grant experiences an orgasm immediately on being touched during sexual intercourse. grant is most likely to be suffering from:
Grant is most likely suffering from premature ejaculation, which is a common sexual dysfunction characterized by the inability to control or delay ejaculation during sexual activity, leading to distress or frustration.
Grant's symptoms point to him having premature ejaculation, a prevalent genital dysfunction that affects many men. Premature ejaculation is defined as the inability to regulate or postpone ejaculation during sexual activity, causing both parties anguish or despair. It can be brought on by a number of variables, such as anxiety, tension, or underlying medical problems.
Behavioural methods such as the stop-start technique, as well as medication or therapy, may be used as treatment alternatives. A marital therapist may also work with the pair to address any underlying relationship or communication problems that may be causing the problem.
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the freedom of religion allows members of native-american tribes to drive a car after consuming peyote (hallucinogenic drug) as part of a religious ceremony. group of answer choices true false
The freedom of religion allows members of native-American tribes to drive a car after consuming peyote (hallucinogenic drug) as part of a religious ceremony is true.
The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees religious freedom, which includes the conduct of Native American conventional solemnities that may include the use of peyote as a sacrament. The United States Supreme Court verified this right in the case of Employment Divisionv.
Smith in 1990, ruling that the government can not circumscribe the use of peyote in Native American sacred solemnities. It's vital to flash back , still, that this protection only applies to members of federally recognised Native American lines and only during religious events. Outside of this setting, the operation of peyote may still have legal ramifications.
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in piaget's theory of cognitive development, how do the cognitively challenged and cognitively gifted advance through these four stages?
The four stages of cognitive development: are the sensorimotor stage from birth to two years old; the preoperational stage from two to seven years old; the concrete operational stage from seven to eleven years old; and the formal active stage from eleven years old to adulthood.
The formal operational stage, which lasts for 12 or more years, is when children learn more complex logical principles. They then use these rules to understand how to solve problems and understand abstract concepts. The child can make inferences and analyze their surroundings.
Piaget's theory applied to gifted students: Development affects learning. According to Feldman (1982), Piagetian concepts of stage, interaction, and transitions could serve as the foundation for a developmental framework for comprehending giftedness.
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tessa has always been slightly overweight. she was generally liked by her peers and was very social in high school. recently, tessa's father took a new job, and tessa had to move to another state and enroll in a new high school. soon after the move, she became depressed and withdrawn and had difficulty making new friends. tessa is most at risk for developing:
Tessa is most at risk for developing depression after her move to a new high school. Depressed and withdrawn, she has difficulty making new friends.
Depression is a severe and prolonged sadness that affects a person's behavior, emotions, and thinking. A person experiencing depression may feel alone, helpless, hopeless, and worthless. Depression affects people in various ways. Women are more likely than men to have depression, according to studies. This can be due to hormonal fluctuations, personal or professional stress, social pressure, or other causes.
Tessa, who had always been slightly overweight, was liked by her peers and was quite sociable in high school. After her father took a new job and she had to move to another state and enroll in a new high school, things changed. She quickly became depressed and withdrawn, finding it challenging to make new friends.
The social isolation, culture shock, and pressure of adapting to a new environment could be the causes of her depression. Depression is a significant public health concern. If you or someone you know is experiencing depression, seek medical attention right away. Depression is a treatable illness, and therapy and medication can help individuals return to a healthy and fulfilling life.
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parker is a manager at a fast-food restaurant. he wants to introduce a kid's meal into the restaurant's menu. he wants to convince his team to agree with his idea without being forced into it. in this case, which type of conflict will be healthy? a. interpersonal conflict b. affective conflict c. cognitive conflict d. intrapersonal conflict
Option c is correct. He wants to convince his team to agree with his idea without being forced into it in this case Cognitive conflict will be healthy.
cognitive conflict is the kind of conflict that would be beneficial in this situation. A dispute between people or organizations that results from having different ideas, views, or attitudes is referred to as cognitive conflict.
It includes the productive interchange of ideas and inspires people to think analytically and creatively, improving their ability to make decisions and solve problems.
Parker wants to add a kid's dinner to the restaurant's menu, but he doesn't want his team to feel compelled to support him. Parker can urge his team to critically assess the concept and offer helpful input by fostering cognitive conflict.
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2. the americans with disabilities act (ada) guarantees a person with a disability a position on any sport team he or she desires to join. a. true b. false
True. The Americans disabilities act (ada) guarantees a person with a disability a position on any sport team he or she desires to join id correct.
A human rights legislation known as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or ADA , forbids discrimination based on a person's disability. comparable to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 in that it offers security against discrimination to Americans with disabilities.
In addition to outlawing sexual orientation and gender identity, the legislation prohibited discrimination against individuals based on their race, faith, sex, national origin, and other characteristics. The ADA also sets accessibility standards on public facilities, unlike the Civil Rights Act, and mandates that qualified businesses make appropriate adjustments for workers with disabilities.
The ADA prohibits discrimination based on disability, just as other civil rights laws prohibit discrimination based on race, color, sex, national origin, age, or religion. The ADA ensures that people with disabilities have equal opportunities with all others to pursue employment opportunities, purchase goods and services, and participate in state and local government programs.
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waivers for juveniles to adult courts are controversial because the practice undermines the doctrine of .
The doctrine of parens patriae is the legal principle that grants the state the authority to act as a guardian for individuals who are unable to care for themselves, such as juveniles.
In the context of the justice system, parens patriae is often invoked to justify the separate treatment of juvenile offenders and the use of rehabilitative rather than punitive measures.
When a waiver is issued for a juvenile to be tried in adult court, it undermines the doctrine of parens patriae because it removes the juvenile from the protective oversight of the juvenile justice system and exposes them to the harsher punishment and potentially damaging influences of the adult criminal justice system. This practice is controversial because it contradicts the idea that juveniles should be treated differently than adults due to their developmental differences and the potential for rehabilitation.
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Waivers for juveniles to adult courts are controversial because the practice undermines the doctrine of _____?
please help me quickly!!!
The extent to which the population group of African Americans had political rights by 1860 was very little.
What was happening to African Americans by 1860 ?In terms of political rights, African Americans were almost entirely excluded from the political process. They were denied the right to vote and were not represented in government at any level.
This lack of political representation made it difficult for African Americans to advocate for their rights and to push for social and economic change.
Discrimination and segregation were rampant, and African Americans were often denied access to education, jobs, and other opportunities that would allow them to improve their economic and social status.
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the supreme court has ruled that: group of answer choices only political public figures have as much protection from the press as other members of the public
The given statement "the supreme court has ruled that: group of answer choices only political public figures have as much protection from the press as other members of the public" is false because the Supreme Court has not ruled that only political public figures have as much protection from the press as other members of the public.
In fact, the Supreme Court has established different levels of protection for different types of speech and different categories of individuals.
In the landmark case of New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that public officials and public figures have a higher burden of proof in defamation cases than private individuals.
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