Answer:
On July 21, 1861, the First Battle of Bull Run occurred in Manassas, Virginia. The Union forces, led by Brigadier General Irvin McDowell, were attempting to invade the Confederate capital of Richmond when they were met by Confederate forces under the command of General P.G.T. Beauregard. The battle was unexpected and chaotic, with both sides suffering heavy casualties. Despite some initial success, Union forces were ultimately defeated and forced to retreat back to Washington D.C.
The importance of the First Battle of Bull Run to the war effort cannot be overstated. This battle shattered the North's illusions that the war would be easily won and that the Confederate army was weak and disorganized. The defeat at Bull Run shook the North's confidence and sparked outrage among the general population. Many people were angry at the incompetence of McDowell and demanded a more decisive and competent leadership. The Union army was forced to regroup and rethink their strategy, while Confederate morale was boosted by their victory. The First Battle of Bull Run set the tone for the long and bloody conflict that was to come, and served as a wake-up call for both sides about the seriousness of the war.
The surrender of General Lee at the Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, effectively ended the American Civil War. This act marked the defeat of the Confederacy and heralded the reestablishment of the Union. This event was crucial as it marked a critical step towards the abolishment of slavery.
Explanation:The event chosen from Table 8.1 is the April 9, 1865, when Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House. This event took place at the end of the American Civil War, and it involves the surrender of General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. This historical event played an instrumental part in ending the Civil War, signifying the defeat of the Confederacy.
The circumstances leading up to the surrender at Appomattox were dire for the Confederate forces. After four years of grueling battle, the resources and manpower of the Confederacy had dwindled, and General Lee realized that further resistance would only result in more unnecessary bloodshed. Therefore, on April 9, 1865, Lee met with Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, to negotiate the terms of surrender.
The importance of Lee's surrender cannot be overstated. It effectively ended the Civil War, bringing a close to four years of devastating conflict that had torn the United States in two. As the Confederate forces were the major force opposing the Union, their collapse allowed for the reestablishment of the Union and paved the way for Reconstruction that sought to heal the wounds from the war and rebuild the southern states. Moreover, the surrender marked an integral step in abolishing slavery, a contentious issue that was a root cause of the Civil War.
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How is national market different today
Today, the national market is different due to globalization, technological advancements, and increased competition. These factors have led to a more interconnected and diverse market, with greater access to information and goods.
How is national market different today?The national market today is vastly different from what it was several decades ago. Globalization has led to greater interconnectedness between markets, with increased trade and investment across borders. This has resulted in greater competition within national markets, as businesses compete not only with domestic rivals but also with international companies.
Technological advancements have also played a significant role in changing the national market. The internet and social media have made it easier for businesses to reach customers and for customers to access information and purchase products. As a result, businesses must adapt to the changing consumer preferences and find new ways to differentiate themselves from their competitors.
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Both of these historical figures have to do with the production of cotton goods in the US economy (.1 points)
A. Du Bois and Bagley
B. Bagley and Calhoun
C. Biden and Carnegie
D. Dubois and Calhoun
Both of these historical figures have to do with the production of cotton goods in the US economy is: D. Dubois and Calhoun.
Who is W.E.B. Du Bois and John C. Calhoun?W.E.B. Du Bois and John C. Calhoun were both historical figures who had to do with the production of cotton goods in the US economy.
Du Bois was a prominent African American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist who wrote extensively about the economic impact of slavery on the United States. He argued that the cotton industry, which was largely dependent on enslaved labor, was a key driver of the US economy in the 19th century.
Calhoun, on the other hand, was a leading proponent of slavery and a powerful political figure in the antebellum South. He argued that slavery was a positive good for the US economy, particularly for the cotton industry, and that the federal government should do more to protect the interests of slaveholders.
Therefore the correct option is D.
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What did the British or the US or other countries say or do in reference to the Armenian genocide?
In 1915, British issued a joint declaration with France and Russia, denouncing the "crimes against humanity and civilization" and asserting that the perpetrators would be held accountable. The United States, though not an official party to the joint declaration, also expressed concern over the Armenian genocide.
The British, US, and other countries had various responses to the Armenian Genocide, which took place during World War I. After the war, however, the British focused on securing their interests in the region and did not pursue the prosecution of Ottoman leaders.
American missionaries and diplomats reported the horrors they witnessed, and the US government provided humanitarian aid to the survivors. However, the US did not intervene militarily or take significant political action due to its neutrality during WWI and later strategic interests.
Other countries, like Germany and Austria-Hungary, were Ottoman allies during the war and did not openly condemn the genocide at the time. However, individual diplomats and military personnel documented the events, and some even criticized the Ottoman Empire's actions.
Overall, the international response to the Armenian Genocide was marked by initial condemnation followed by a lack of concrete action, largely due to the complexities of the ongoing war and shifting political priorities.
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why were the athenian citizens endowed with so much leisure time? group of answer choices their humble living circumstances required minimal upkeep. revenue from the delian league supported them. slaves outnumbered athenian citizens more than two to one. they imported their food, so they had no need to work the fields.
Athenian citizens were endowed with so much leisure time because of their privileged status. The correct option is A.
Revenue from the Delian League, a powerful maritime alliance, provided the Athenians with wealth and resources, allowing them to enjoy leisurely activities. Additionally, their humble living circumstances meant that they required minimal upkeep, freeing up more of their time.
Lastly, the vast number of slaves in Athens allowed citizens to enjoy a lifestyle of leisure, as the slaves took care of labor intensive tasks, such as farming. All of these factors combined allowed the Athenians to have much more leisure time than other societies at the time.
The correct option is A.
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Identify examples of the powers granted and denied to the States and to the Federal government.
How did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) help to promote civil rights for minorities?
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) helps promote the civil rights of minorities by working for legislation,lobbying, and educating the public.
The NAACP-led Civil Rights Leadership Conference, a coalition of civil rights organizations,spearheaded the campaign to pass the most important civil rights legislation of the day the Civil Rights Act the NAACP focused on five main areas from 1920 to 1950 anti-lynching legislation, voter participation,employment,due process of law, and education.At annual conventions in different cities across the country,he drew attention to regional needs and interests and advancement encouraged national participation.Accordingly, the mission of the NAACP is to ensure the political,educational, and citizen equality of minority groups in the States and to eliminate racial bias.The NAACP works to remove all barriers to racial discrimination through democratic processes.
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Where did the D-Day invasion take place? Why was this such an important strategic victory for the Allies?
The D-Day invasion, also known as the Normandy landings, took place on June 6, 1944, along the coast of Normandy, France. The Allied forces, led by the United States, Great Britain, and Canada, launched a massive amphibious assault on the beaches of Normandy in order to establish a foothold on the continent of Europe and begin the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control.
The D-Day invasion was a critically important strategic victory for the Allies for several reasons. First and foremost, it allowed the Allies to establish a second front in Europe, relieving pressure on the Soviet Union, which had been fighting a brutal war against Germany on the Eastern Front. By opening up a western front, the Allies were able to launch a two-pronged attack on Germany, greatly increasing their chances of victory.
Secondly, the invasion of Normandy forced Germany to divert troops and resources from other fronts, weakening their overall military position. This diversion of resources was a significant factor in the eventual defeat of Germany.
Finally, the successful D-Day invasion gave the Allies a much-needed morale boost and demonstrated that the tide of the war was turning in their favor. It also allowed them to begin the liberation of France and the rest of Western Europe from Nazi control, leading ultimately to the end of the war in Europe.
Overall, the D-Day invasion was one of the most important military operations of World War II and a turning point in the war. It remains an iconic moment in history and a testament to the courage and determination of the Allied forces.
in what ways were german and japanese war aims and tactics similar to one another? select all that apply.
Both Germany and Japan had similar aims and tactics when it came to their pursuit of war.
Both countries sought to build resource-rich empires for their respective nations; territories that would provide them with the raw materials necessary to fuel their expanding industrial and military capabilities.
This was coupled with a national ideology of racial superiority. This ideology was used to justify their expansion and to invoke a sense of patriotism and loyalty to their countries among their citizens. Both countries also employed aggressive tactics during the war, such as surprise attacks, strategic bombing, and naval blockades.
Furthermore, they both sought to establish themselves as the dominant power in their respective regions, which led to a series of conflicts with other nations.
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The Question is-
In what ways were German and Japanese war aims and tactics similar to one another?
What benefit to investors does investing in the secondary market have over investing in a primary market?
Secondary markets encourage security and safety in transactions since exchanges are motivated to draw investors by preventing illegal activity under their supervision. The entire economy gains from more effective and secure capital market allocation.
What is capital market allocation?To maximize stakeholder gains, financial resources are distributed, redistributed, and invested through capital allocation. For a company to succeed in the long run, the chief executive and chief financial officers must make a strategic financial choice. To invest financial resources strategically and increase a company's earnings, use capital allocation. The five ways to allocate capital are organic growth; mergers and acquisitions; debt repayment; dividend payments; and share repurchases. Acting as a conduit between savers and investors. encourages the movement of capital so that it can be more profitably and effectively utilized to increase national income. accelerates economic growth. utilizing savings to pay for long-term investments.To learn more about capital market allocation, refer to:
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Evaluate King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella's treatment of their subjects, who did not follow the religion of Catholicism.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain are known for their role in the Spanish Inquisition, which was aimed at enforcing Catholic orthodoxy and eliminating religious dissent.
The Inquisition involved the torture and persecution of those who did not follow the Catholic faith, including Jews and Muslims. The monarchs issued the Alhambra Decree in 1492, which required all Jews in Spain to convert to Catholicism or leave the country. Those who refused were subject to persecution, including confiscation of property and imprisonment. Overall, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella's treatment of their subjects who did not follow Catholicism was oppressive and intolerant. Their actions led to the forced conversion or exile of thousands of people, resulting in significant human suffering and loss. While the monarchs may have believed that they were acting in the best interests of their country and religion, their actions represent a dark chapter in Spanish history and a violation of basic human rights.
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1. How would you describe the attitude of the narrator toward elite New York society?
-
2. Why do you think Wharton uses words such as ¨pressed,¨ ¨expected,¨ ¨obliged,¨ ¨forced,¨ and ¨plunged¨?
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3. How does the young girl described in the excerpt contrast with those around her?
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4. How does the author foreshadow that problems will arise for the young girl depicted in the excerpt? Cite evidence from the text to support your answer.
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5. Why do you think Wharton´s novel reflected overall trends in society?
This excerpt's narrator's perspective on New York's upper class can be characterized as critical or humorous.
What are the answers to the other inquiries?The terms "hieroglyphic universe" and "elaborate system of mystification," for example, imply an artificiality and sincerity in this society's social standards and expectations. In contrast to those around her, the little girl mentioned in the sample is shown to be more forthright and confident. The young girl is said to have nothing to hide and nothing to be on the lookout for, in contrast to the other characters who are shown to be navigating a complicated web of societal conventions and expectations. This contrast shows that the young girl may be unprepared for the realities of the adult world and suggests a sense of innocence or naivete on her behalf.
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should there have been a recount in florida? why or why not
Answer:
Bush and Al Gore. On December 8, the Florida Supreme Court had ordered a statewide recount of all undervotes, over 61,000 ballots that the vote tabulation machines had missed. The Bush campaign immediately asked the U.S. Supreme Court to stay the decision and halt the recount. So i think there should been a recount
Explanation:
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Benito Mussolin's fascist theory called for a union of
the state, press, and major industries under a strong central government
church and state
all workers around the world from separate national socialist parties
the Slavic peoples of the Dalmatian coast into their own nation-state
Benito Mussolini's fascist theory called for union of the state, press, and major industries under strong central government.
What was fascist theory?Fascist theory is a political ideology that emerged in early 20th century Europe, most notably in Italy and Germany. It is characterized by extreme nationalism, authoritarianism, and a belief in the superiority of one's own race or nation. Fascism emphasizes the importance of the state as the supreme authority, with the individual subservient to the needs of the collective. It also advocates for the use of violence and militarism to achieve nationalistic goals. Fascist ideology rejects liberal democracy and individual freedoms, instead favoring a totalitarian state in which the leader has absolute power. It has been widely condemned for its racist, oppressive, and violent nature, and its association with the atrocities committed during World War II.
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Answer: the state, press, and major industries under a strong central government
Explanation:
Which idea is the best definition of verbal communication?
communication that is always positive and helpful
communication that uses either spoken or written words
communication in which people argue passionately about something
communication that is done through gestures and facial expressions
You use verbal communication, a soft skill, when you converse. They aid in effective and empathic communication.
Is defined to as any type of communication that uses spoken or written words to transmit a message.The art of expressing yourself through sounds and words is known as verbal communication. Because both spoken and written language use words to convey ideas, they can both be regarded as forms of verbal communication. Believe it or not, there are "rules" to language.
What are some verbal communication techniques that work well?Good verbal communication can promote trust, teamwork, and productivity. It can also develop relationships between individuals. Clear communication both lowers the possibility of conflict and expedites its resolution if it does arise.
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what were some consequences for everyday life under the soviet command economy?
Under the Soviet command economy, there were several consequences for everyday life,.
Some consequences for everyday life under the soviet command economy include:Limited Consumer Goods: The government controlled the production and distribution of goods, which often led to a shortage of consumer goods, such as food, clothing, and household items. This made it difficult for people to acquire the basic necessities of life.
Poor Quality of Goods: The lack of competition in the economy meant that the quality of goods was often low, and there was little incentive for producers to improve the quality of their products.
Long Waiting Lines: Due to shortages of goods, people often had to wait in long lines for hours or even days to purchase basic items.
Limited Job Opportunities: The government controlled all aspects of the economy, including job placement. This meant that people often had limited job opportunities and were unable to choose their profession.
State Control of Housing: The government controlled the housing market, which often led to overcrowding and poor living conditions.
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Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers Opens Thirty-Sixth Session and Meets with Civil Society
Need a summary of 150 words
The rights and protections of workers around the globe will be discussed at the recent opening of the United Nations Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers' 36th session in Geneva, Switzerland. The committee will hear from a range of organizations and experts during the session, which will be centered on problems like labor exploitation and human trafficking. Meetings with civil society organizations will also be a part of the session, giving groups a chance to share their worries and suggestions with the committee. The meeting will likely finish with a report on the rights of migrant workers and suggestions for enhancing protections. The importance of addressing the problems migrant workers experience, who frequently lack appropriate legal protections and may be vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, is highlighted by this gathering. The committee's goal is to come up with practical solutions for defending the rights of all employees, regardless of where they are from by bringing together experts and activists.
1. How would you describe the attitude of the narrator toward elite New York society?
-
2. Why do you think Wharton uses words such as ¨pressed,¨ ¨expected,¨ ¨obliged,¨ ¨forced,¨ and ¨plunged¨?
-
3. How does the young girl described in the excerpt contrast with those around her?
-
4. How does the author foreshadow that problems will arise for the young girl depicted in the excerpt? Cite evidence from the text to support your answer.
-
5. Why do you think Wharton´s novel reflected overall trends in society?
The attitude of narrator towards elite New York society can vary depending on the perspective and experiences of the narrator.
What is an experience?Experience can be defined as the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and emotions gained through direct participation or observation of events and situations. It is a subjective and personal encounter that shapes an individual's perception, behavior, and values. Experience can be positive, negative, or neutral, and can be influenced by various factors, such as cultural background, personality traits, and past experiences. It can also be categorized into different types, such as sensory experience, emotional experience, intellectual experience, and social experience. Moreover, experience can be enhanced through deliberate practice and reflection. Overall, experience plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's identity, learning, and growth.
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which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the industrial revolution in europe?group of answer choicesurbanization ultimately promoted the in
The industrial revolution accelerated urbanization in Europe by creating new job possibilities and increasing factory productivity, which resulted in increased urbanization.
People migrated from rural areas to cities in pursuit of employment and better economic opportunities as new manufacturing technologies and capitalism emerged. As industrial output expanded, so did the demand for labor in cities, and new industrial towns sprang up around factories. This resulted in the formation of new urban centers centered on industrial output.
Furthermore, greater production of goods resulted in increased trade and commerce, which fueled the growth of cities even further. The creation of transportation infrastructure such as railways and canals facilitated the movement of people and goods, increasing the accessibility of cities and their significance as economic centers.
Thus, the industrial revolution had a major impact on the economic and social landscape of Europe, resulting in increased urbanization and a shift from agrarian to industrial societies.
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The complete question:
How did Industrial Revolution enhance Urbanization in Europe?
The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization is describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution. The correct option is B) The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization.
The Industrial Revolution was a period of major economic, technological, and social change that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It began in Britain and spread to other parts of the world, including the United States, Europe, and Japan.
During this period, there were significant advancements in manufacturing, transportation, communication, and other areas that led to increased production and economic growth. In particular, the Industrial Revolution led to the growth of urbanization, as people moved from rural areas to cities in search of work in factories and other industries.
This was due to several factors, including the availability of jobs in urban areas, the increased demand for goods and services, and the development of new technologies that made it easier to transport people and goods. Overall, the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution was one of mutual promotion, as each development helped to spur the other. The correct option is B) The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization.
The complete question is:
Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution?
A) Urbanization and the Industrial Revolution are unrelated.
B) The Industrial Revolution promoted urbanization.
C) Urbanization preceded the Industrial Revolution by thousands of years.
D) Urbanization preceded the Industrial Revolution by hundreds of years.
E) Urbanization promoted the Industrial Revolution
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Just do Huey P newton and Bobby seale.
please hurry
I think for the first one is ( They saw brutality against civil rights protesters as part of a long tradition of police violence and state oppression) maybe try to rephrase it abit.
sry I'm only know the first one
What was Chernobyl?
(1) An accidentin 1986 at the Chernobylnuclear powerstation in theSoviet Union, the worst disaster in the history of nuclear power generation.
(2) A corrupt portion of the Communist party in the Soviet Union who lied to the people about nuclear weapons.
(3) An invasion of the Soviet Union into the city if Chernobyl
which crop produced the greatest profits for american farmers in the nineteenth century?group of answer choicescornwheatcottontobacco
Answer: cotton
Explanation:
Cotton produced the greatest profits for American farmers in the nineteenth century.
Cotton produced the greatest profits for American farmers in the nineteenth century. What were the reasons for cotton producing the greatest profits for American farmers? One reason for the economic success of the southern states in the United States during the 19th century was the cotton plantation system, which relied heavily on slave labour. Cotton was a crop that was in high demand in the textile industry, which was growing rapidly. The South was ideally placed to develop this crop, with a favourable climate and plentiful land. As a result, cotton production increased dramatically during the 19th century, which contributed to the growth of the US economy.
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8. What happens if a Uruguay citizen does not vote in an election?
a. they are unable to vote in the future
b. they must pay a fine
c. they lose their license
d. nothing happens
what is the significance of the 1937 supreme court case palko v. connecticut? a. it protected the right of habeas corpus. b. it established the principle of selective incorporation. c. it asserted that the first amendment applied only to the national government and not to state governments. d. it upheld the constitutionality of bills of attainder.
The significance of the 1937 Supreme Court case Palko v. Connecticut is that it established the principle of selective incorporation.
What is Selective incorporation?Selective incorporation is the concept that the Bill of Rights' protections extend to state governments and that states must obey those provisions. As a result, the Supreme Court has integrated, or applied, most of the provisions of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments over time.
The case of Palko v. Connecticut in 1937 was significant in establishing the principle of selective incorporation. This meant that certain provisions of the Bill of Rights would be extended to state governments, which would be required to adhere to them.
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the election of 1896 a. focused on many topics other than economic policy. b. changed the style of political campaigns and shifted the positions of both major parties. c. centered on labor issues. d. all of the above.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The correct answer is B: changed the style of political campaigns and shifted the positions of both major parties.
The election of 1896 was a significant election in American history, which saw Republican William McKinley defeat Democrat William Jennings Bryan. The election focused heavily on economic policy, particularly the issue of the gold standard. However, it also marked a shift in the style of political campaigns and the positions of both major parties.
Prior to the election of 1896, political campaigns were typically conducted through personal appearances and speeches, while newspapers were the primary source of information about the candidates. The 1896 election saw the rise of the "modern" campaign, which relied heavily on mass media such as newspapers, magazines, and even phonographs. McKinley's campaign also made use of new technologies such as the telegraph and the telephone, enabling them to spread their message more widely and effectively.
In addition to changing the style of political campaigns, the election of 1896 also marked a shift in the positions of the major parties. The Democratic Party, which had traditionally been the party of the South, shifted its focus to issues affecting farmers and laborers in the Midwest and West. This was exemplified by Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech, in which he advocated for the free coinage of silver as a way to help farmers and workers. The Republican Party, on the other hand, embraced a more pro-business platform, advocating for the gold standard and tariff protection for American industry.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer
The election of 1896 changed the style of political campaigns and shifted the positions of both major parties. The correct option is b. changed the style of political campaigns and shifted the positions of both major parties.
The Election of 1896 was primarily focused on economic policy. It pitted Republican candidate William McKinley, who advocated for the gold standard, against Democratic candidate William Jennings Bryan, who supported free silver. This was an important issue because the gold standard was favored by bankers and business interests while free silver was favored by farmers and laborers.
The outcome of the election would have a significant impact on the nation's economy and financial system. McKinley won the election and the gold standard was maintained for several years until the country transitioned to the Federal Reserve System in 1913. The correct option is b. changed the style of political campaigns and shifted the positions of both major parties.
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3. COMPARING How was the Fifth Republic in France different from the Fourth Republic?
Life
Answer:
The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic, replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential (or dual-executive) system that split powers between a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government.
What do the United States and the West Virginia constitutions have in common?
Answer:
Both the United States and West Virginia constitutions establish a framework for government and protect individual rights, but the West Virginia constitution also includes provisions specific to the state's history and geography.
Explanation:
Answer: To keep any one branch from getting too powerful, the West Virginia constitution, like the United States Constitution, created a system of checks and balances.
What point is this cartoon trying to get across to its audience?
Answer:
its trying to point out the financial and war cost of either helping or not helping Europe
Explanation:
what was the first military action taken by the united states against international communism? question 1 options: the berlin airlift the korean war american soldiers fought isolated battles against the soviet union during world war ii american soldiers fought against the red army during the russian civil war
The first military action taken by the united states against international communism American soldiers fought against the Red Army during the Russian civil war.
The Bolshevik Party's infantry and air force were known as the Workers' and Peasants' Red Infantry, also known as the Red Army, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Established in January 1918, the army.
The overthrow of the monarchy and the failure of the new republican government to maintain security led to a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire, where many groups fought for control of the country's political future.
Because it was more unified, better organized, and controlled the best terrain, the Red Army was able to win the conflict. In 1922, following the conflict, the communists founded the Soviet Union. The February Revolution of 1917 had just caused Tsar Nicholas II, the Russian Empire's long-standing autocrat, to lose his crown.
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what is the significance of this event in the civil war? question 4 options: the invasion of the confederate capital forced it to surrender. the confederate attack on the union fort initiated the war. the confederate defense of the besieged fort lengthened the war. the union victory divided the confederacy at the mississippi river.
The significance of this event in the civil war was that the Union victory divided the Confederacy at the Mississippi River. This was a turning point in the war as it allowed the Union to gain control of the Mississippi River, which was a crucial supply route for the Confederacy during the Civil War.
The event being referred to in the question is not mentioned, but based on the options provided, it can be inferred that it is related to a military campaign during the Civil War. Option D states that the Union victory divided the Confederacy at the Mississippi River, which refers to the Battle of Vicksburg in 1863. This battle was a significant turning point in the war, as it gave the Union control over the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two, isolating the Trans-Mississippi region from the rest of the South.
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What do communism, Bolshevik, and Soviet mean?
Answer:
Explanation:
a theory or system of social organization in which all property is owned by the community and each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs