the price of bread has decreased by 5 percent, leading to a decrease in the quantity demanded of bagels by 1 percent. the cross-price elasticity of demand between bread and butter is:

(C) Sugar cakes are almost certainly made in cottage industry. These small businesses frequently used contract provider-provided raw materials to produce finished goods.

A cottage industry is a small manufacturing business that is run by a single person or a family and usually operates out of a home rather than a specially constructed facility. The low initial investment required to establish a cottage industry defines it. They are at a significant disadvantage when competing with factory-based manufacturers of mass-produced goods because they tend to concentrate on producing labor-intensive goods. Light manufacturing operations engaged in subcontracted work, such as garment-making, textiles, or sewing, as well as shoemaking and small metal machine parts, were the first cottage industries in Europe and the United States.

In the created world, numerous contemporary businesses that right now work in plants supplanted cabin enterprises that flourished before the Modern Upset.

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debit for [tex]$10000[/tex] to Bad Debt Expense and debit for [tex]$8900\\[/tex] to Bad Debt Expense.

A receivable that may eventually turn into a bad debt is known as a doubtful account or uncertain debt. Establishing a provision for doubtful accounts is crucial for your balance sheet and revenue statement if customers make purchases on credit.

It is documented under assets as a reduction after the accounts receivables line and is created in a reserve account, also referred to as a contra account, which lowers your accounts receivables. Calculate the amount of receivables that could turn into bad debts over a specific period of time and apply that amount to your reserve account.

debit to Bad Debt Expense for[tex]$10000\\[/tex]

debit to Bad Debt Expense for [tex]$8900.\\[/tex]

credit to Allowance for Doubtful Accounts for [tex]$10000.\\[/tex]

debit to Bad Debt Expense for[tex]$11100.[/tex]

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The correct options are: 1)It lies above every point of the short-run average cost curves. 2)It equals short-run average cost when short-run curves use variable inputs optimally.

The long-run average cost curve (LRAC) represents the minimum average cost at which a firm can produce a given level of output when all inputs are variable in the long run. In contrast, the short-run average cost curves (SRAC) show the minimum average cost at which a firm can produce a given level of output in the short run, given some fixed inputs.

Since the long run allows for all inputs to be variable, the LRAC is always at least as low as the SRAC. In fact, the LRAC lies above every point of the SRAC because the SRAC reflects the cost of producing a given level of output with some inputs fixed, which is typically less efficient than producing the same level of output with all inputs variable.

Overall, the LRAC is an important concept in understanding the cost structure of a firm, and it helps managers make decisions about the optimal mix of inputs to use in production in the long run.

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If, in an economic panic, people decide to hold their money rather than spend it, the velocity of money will decrease.

Money velocity refers to the rate at which money is exchanged in an economy, indicating how often a single unit of currency is used to purchase goods and services within a specific period.

When people choose to hold money instead of spending it, this slows down the flow of money through the economy, resulting in a decrease in money velocity. When the velocity of money decreases, the economy's overall performance suffers because people aren't purchasing goods and services, which, in turn, slows down economic growth.

The decrease in economic activity could exacerbate the economic panic, resulting in a negative feedback loop.

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The unexpected natural disaster would likely lead to an increase in government spending, which could lead to inflationary pressures on the economy.

In such a scenario, the central bank may become more willing to use contractionary monetary policy, such as raising interest rates or reducing the money supply, in order to combat inflation and stabilize the economy. This is because the central bank's primary goal is to maintain price stability and promote sustainable economic growth, and an increase in government spending after a tax cut may threaten these objectives.

Therefore, the central bank may be more likely to use contractionary monetary policy in response to the natural disaster and the subsequent increase in government spending.

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True, one of the challenges with globalization is determining how to meet the needs of customers at very different income levels.

Globalization has revolutionized the way companies do business by allowing them to expand into new markets and tap into new sources of talent and resources. However, it also presents challenges, one of which is how to serve customers at vastly different income levels.When businesses expand their operations into developing countries, they must consider the wide range of income levels that exist there. Products and services that may be popular and affordable in wealthy countries may not be in developing ones because of disparities in wealth.This has given rise to a growing awareness of the importance of meeting the needs of consumers across all income levels, as well as an increasing recognition of the potential of low-income segments as a profitable market. Companies that ignore this trend risk missing out on significant growth opportunities.

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The technique used by the manager in the given scenario is brainstorming

Brainstorming is a group creativity technique that helps in generating a large number of ideas from a group of people, and is commonly used in problem-solving and decision-making processes. The process involves the contribution of ideas from each group member, followed by a discussion, modification, and expansion of those ideas by other members. The objective of brainstorming is to encourage creative thinking, maximize idea generation, and avoid any form of criticism or judgment. Therefore, option (c) brainstorming is the correct answer.

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The current share price of Blackwell Ink's share, given the firm's annual dividend and required return, is $4.28.

To calculate the value of a share of Blackwell Ink's stock, we can use the dividend discount model. The formula for this model is:

Where P0 is the stock price today, D1 is the next year's dividend, r is the required rate of return, and g is the growth rate of dividends.

We are given the following information:

First, we calculate the growth rate (g):

Next, we calculate the next year's dividend (D1):

Now, we can plug these values into the formula:

The closest answer to this value is $4.28. So, a share of Blackwell Ink's stock is worth approximately $4.28 today at a required return of 15%.

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Study of probable connections, including patterns and ratios, to analyze relationships in and between financial and non-financial information. Examples include comparing real data to the budget, revenue from licenses to the number of licenses, and import taxes to actual important information.

This equilibrium needs to be balanced at all times. The smaller the detection risk must be, the greater the inspector considers the degree of inherent and/or control risk to be. This necessitates a more thorough assessment effort. (larger sample sizes). The discovery risk will also be greater the lower the total intrinsic and control risk is estimated to be. Less real labor and more systemic work are the results. Since the planning premise needs to be confirmed and system functionality adds to total assurance, more systems and controls need to be tested. A component of both innate and control risk is fraud risk.

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The Volkswagen Digital Lab culture is focused on innovation, agility, and customer-centricity. One core element of the Volkswagen Digital Lab culture is the emphasis on design thinking.

The process is centered around rapid prototyping and experimentation to test new ideas and validate assumptions, using data-driven insights to inform decision-making. The philosophy emphasizes collaboration, cross-functional teams, and a willingness to fail fast and learn from mistakes.

One core element of the Volkswagen Digital Lab culture is the emphasis on design thinking, a problem-solving approach that puts the customer at the center of the process.

This involves empathizing with the customer to understand their needs and pain points, defining the problem, ideating potential solutions, prototyping and testing those solutions, and iterating based on feedback.

Another key element is the focus on agile development, which involves working in short sprints, continuously delivering value to the customer, and responding quickly to changing requirements or market conditions.

Overall, the Volkswagen Digital Lab culture prioritizes innovation, speed, and customer satisfaction, and encourages a collaborative, cross-functional approach to achieving these goals.

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The amount of Opal's qualifying medical expense is $4,290.What is a medical expense?A medical expense refers to the cost of diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, and the costs incurred for the purpose of affecting any part or function of the body.

The cost of equipment, supplies, and diagnostic devices needed for these purposes is also a medical expense. The cost of insurance covering medical care qualifies as a medical expense. Medical expenses include dental expenses, and in this case, the costs that Opal had to incur for the treatment of her hip injury would be considered medical expenses.

Here is a breakdown of the expenses paid by Opal:$3,080 for a visit to the hospital emergency room$830 for follow-up visits with her doctor$580 for prescription medicine$680 to a therapist for rehabilitation Total = $5,170Insurance reimbursed Opal $1,280, hence the amount of Opal's qualifying medical expense is:Total medical expense - Insurance reimbursement$5,170 - $1,280 = $3,890However, as the question asks for the qualifying medical expense, we have to exclude any expense that did not meet the qualifying criteria set by the IRS. Generally, a qualifying medical expense is any expense that directly relates to the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of a disease, or any expense that affects the structure or function of the body.

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A portfolio is a group of assets held by an investor. Option D is the answer.

A portfolio is a collection of financial assets such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, cash, and commodities. An investor can manage risk by investing in different assets. This is called portfolio diversification. Diversification reduces the overall risk of a portfolio by spreading the risk across different types of investments. The portfolio can be divided into two categories: active and passive.

Active portfolios are managed by professionals who buy and sell assets to achieve a specific investment objective. Passive portfolios, on the other hand, are designed to track a specific index, such as the S&P 500 or the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Passive portfolios are less expensive than active portfolios because they do not require active management.

Portfolio management offers many benefits to investors. It helps them achieve their investment goals by creating a diversified portfolio that is tailored to their risk tolerance and investment objectives. It also helps investors manage risk by spreading it across different types of investments. Finally, it provides investors with a long-term investment strategy that can be adjusted over time as their investment objectives change.

Option D is the correct answr.

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The chart that would be better choices to visualize a company's actual performance ratio in comparison to a target ratio is options  (a) Scatter chart with lines and (d) Two-series line chart

The two best choices to visualize a company's actual performance ratio in comparison to a target ratio would be

a) Scatter chart with lines: This type of chart is useful for comparing two sets of data and showing the relationship between them. By plotting the actual performance ratio on the x-axis and the target ratio on the y-axis, you can easily see how closely the two ratios align.

d) Two-series line chart: This type of chart is similar to the scatter chart with lines, but it is specifically designed to show the relationship between two sets of data over time. By plotting the actual and target ratios on separate lines on the same chart, you can easily compare how closely they align and see any trends or deviations over time.

Both of these chart types are effective for comparing data and showing trends over time, making them the best choices for visualizing a company's actual performance ratio in comparison to a target ratio.

Therefore, the correct options are (a) Scatter chart with lines and (d) Two-series line chart

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The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:

Which charts would be better choices to visualize a company's actual performance ratio in comparison to a target ratio? Select TwO best answers. a) Scatter chart with lines b) Area chart c) Pie-chart d) Two-series line chart e) Column and marker chart

In one year, forever 21 is anticipated to give a $2.87 yearly income per share, which is then anticipated to increase by 3% annually. 14% yield on investment is needed. The intrinsic value of Forever 21's stock is $45.25 per share.

To calculate the intrinsic value of Forever 21's stock, we can use the dividend discount model, which values a stock based on its expected future dividends.

First, we need to calculate the present value of the expected future dividends. Using the formula for growing perpetuity, we can calculate the present value of the expected dividends as:

PV = D / (r - g)

Where PV is the present value of the dividends, D is the expected dividend in one year, r is the required rate of return, and g is the expected growth rate of the dividends.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

PV = 2.87 / (0.14 - 0.03)

= 24.08

This means that the present value of Forever 21's expected future dividends is $24.08 per share.

Next, we need to add the present value of any expected future stock price to get the intrinsic value. We can estimate the future stock price by using the Gordon growth model, which assumes that the stock price grows at the same rate as the dividends. Using this model, we can estimate that the future stock price will be:

P = D * (1 + g) / (r - g)

= 2.87 * 1.03 / (0.14 - 0.03)

= 31.90

Adding the present value of the future stock price to the present value of the expected dividends, we get the intrinsic value of Forever 21's stock:

Intrinsic value = PV of dividends + PV of future stock price

= 24.08 + (31.90 / (1 + 0.14)^1)

= $45.25 per share.

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Raul is using a functional organizational design

Based on the information provided, Raul is using a functional organizational design where departments are structured based on their functions, such as production, HR, and marketing. In this structure, the CEO oversees all departments and coordinates their activities to ensure the smooth operation of the organization.  Regular meetings with managers from key departments is also a characteristic of a functional design, as cross-functional coordination is essential in this type of structure..

This type of design is efficient as it allows for specialization within each department, leading to increased productivity and cost-effectiveness. However, it may also lead to communication and collaboration challenges across departments.

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When the Markov chain is used to predict the stock market's behavior from year to year, the steady state probability of a bull market is 0.3571.

The provided Markov chain's transition matrix is as follows:

0.85           0.05          0.10

0.20           0.50          0.30

0.10            0.40          0.50

We must resolve the equation in order to determine the steady state probability.

P is the row vector of steady state probabilities, and M is the transition matrix, where P = P x M. To put it another way, we must identify the M eigenvector that corresponds to the eigenvalue of 1. Solving the equation (M - I)x = 0, where x is the column vector representing the steady state probabilities and I is the identity matrix, allows us to do this.

0.85 - 1            0.05           0                         0

0.20               0.50          -1 + 1               =   0

0.10                0.40              0                     0

Also, we are aware that the total probability must equal 1. As a result, we include the following restriction: When we resolve this set of equations, we obtain: Hence, the likelihood of a bull market in a steady condition is 0.3571.

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Correct Question:

your financial advisor tells you that the behaviour of the stock market from year to year is given by the following markov chain: bull market 0.85 bear market 0.050 stagnant market 0.10 0.20 0.50 0.30 0.10 0.40 0.50 what is the transition matrix for this dynamical system? use the following ordering for your rows and columns: bull market, bear market, stagnant market. .85 .2 .3 .05 .50 .4 .10 .30 .5 in the steady state, what is the probabilty of a bull market?

Escalation of commitment occurs when managers stop supporting a poor decision.

Escalation of commitment refers to the tendency of people to invest more in a failing decision, project, or an idea in order to recover their investment, justify the decision, and avoid cognitive dissonance when confronted with the fact that the decision is not working out as intended.

Escalation of commitment occurs when decision-makers feel the need to justify their earlier decision and to avoid cognitive dissonance (mental stress or discomfort experienced by someone who holds two or more contradictory beliefs or values). Even when the decision is not working out, managers may continue to support it, invest more resources in it, and refuse to quit or change course.

Managers display escalation of commitment when they continue to support a poor decision or project, even when the evidence suggests that it is not working out. They may also invest more resources, time, or effort in the project, hoping to turn it around. They may also deny or ignore the warning signs or feedback from others, or blame external factors for the failure of the project.

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The statement "An opportunity cost cannot be changed by any decision made now or in the future" is not correct.

In this case option b is correct

The potential benefit that is forfeited when one alternative is chosen over another is known as opportunity cost. It stands for the value of the next-best option that is passed up as a result of a particular decision. Opportunity costs play a significant role in decision-making even though they are implicit costs that are rarely recorded in accounting records.

Depending on the options available and the situational factors, the opportunity cost of a decision can change. The opportunity cost of going to college, for instance, might be different for someone who works a full-time job versus someone who is unemployed. The opportunity cost of investing in a new product line can also vary depending on the state of the economy and the level of competition.

In this case option b is correct

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If if money can be invested at 6% compounded annually, taking the $1000 payment now would be larger.

To determine which option is larger, we need to calculate the present value of the $1210 payment after 5 years at a discount rate of 6%.

Using the formula for present value of a future payment, we can calculate the present value of $1210 as follows:

Present Value = Future Value / (1 + r)^n

where r is the discount rate (6%) and n is the number of periods (5 years).

Present Value = 1210 / (1 + 0.06)^5

Present Value = $916.96

Therefore, the present value of the $1210 payment is $916.96.

Comparing the present value of the $1210 payment to the $1000 payment offered now, we can see that $1000 is larger than $916.96. Therefore, taking the $1000 payment now would be the better option.

This result is due to the time value of money and the fact that money can earn interest when invested. By investing the $1000 payment now, it has the potential to earn interest over the next 5 years, making it worth more than the $1210 payment at that time.

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The following is a characteristic of the classical school of economics: It emphasizes the flexibility of wages and prices (option A).

The classical school of economics is an economic concept that advocates for laissez-faire policies and free markets. It refers to the school of thought that dominated economic theory and practice in the 18th and 19th centuries. Adam Smith, Jean-Baptiste Say, David Ricardo, Thomas Malthus, and John Stuart Mill are among the most well-known classical economists.

The Classical School was a response to the economic circumstances of the time, which were characterized by rising inflation, wage increases, and a sense of laissez-faire and market-based economies.

The following is a characteristic of the classical school of economics: It emphasizes the flexibility of wages and prices. The flexibility of wages and prices is a key feature of the classical school of economics. Classical economists argue that, in the long run, wages and prices adjust to changes in supply and demand.

When demand is higher than supply, prices increase, and when supply is higher than demand, prices decrease. They believe that government intervention in the economy is dangerous because it leads to inefficiencies and hampers market-based economies, which can better allocate resources on their own.

So, option A is the correct answer.

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The company would include an estimated $47,500 in cash collections from credit sales in its cash budget for the second month.

To calculate the cash collections from credit sales that the company would include in its cash budget for the second month, we need to follow these steps:

Calculate the total credit sales for the second month, which is $60,000.

Here,the company would include an estimated $47,500 in cash collections from credit sales in its cash budget for the second month.

Determine the portion of credit sales that will be collected in the second month. According to the question, the company expects to collect 55% of its credit sales in the following month, which means that 55% of the $60,000 credit sales from the second month, or $33,000, will be collected in the second month.

Determine the portion of credit sales that will be collected in the first month. According to the question, the company expects to collect 40% of its credit sales in the month of the sale, which means that 40% of the $50,000 credit sales from the first month, or $20,000, will be collected in the second month.

Subtract the estimated uncollectible portion of credit sales, which is 5% of the total credit sales for both months, or $5,500 (5% of $110,000), from the total cash collections from credit sales. This gives us the net cash collections from credit sales for the second month:

$33,000 + $20,000 - $5,500 = $47,500

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A)The rate diagram for this Markov chain is: Markov chain for repairing of the machines

B)[tex]dR(t)/dt = 3[S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)] - 2R(t)Also, since S0(t) + S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t) = 3, we get: S0(t) = 3 - [S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)][/tex]

C)The steady-state probabilities are:π0 = [tex]0.039π1 = 0.387π2 = 0.179π3 = 0.372.[/tex]

A. Developing a Rate Diagram for this Markov Chain:

Let S0, S1, S2, and S3 represent the number of operating machines. Since there are three machines, the number of operating machines may take any of the following values: 0, 1, 2, or 3.

Now, the rate diagram for this Markov chain is: Markov chain for repairing of the machines

B. Writing Down Time-Dependent Ordinary Differential Equations for this Markov Chain:

We have the following rate equations for the Markov chain:

Let R(t) be the number of machines in need of repair at time t. Then, the number of machines in need of repair will change at a rate of:

(i) +3R(t) as a result of each operating machine failing

,(ii) -2R(t) as a result of each operating machine being repaired.

Using these rate equations, the differential equations for R(t) are as follows:[tex]dR(t)/dt = 3[S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)] - 2R(t)Also, since S0(t) + S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t) = 3,\\ we get:S0(t) = 3 - [S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)][/tex]

C. Constructing the Steady-State Equations:

The steady-state equations for this Markov chain are as follows:[tex]3π0 = 2π13π1 = 3π02π1 = 3π22π2 = 3π13π3 = 2π2 + π3 + 3π[/tex][tex]3π0 = 2π13π1 = 3π02π1 = 3π22π2 = 3π13π3 = 2π2 + π3 + 3π[/tex]

Using the equation S0(t) =[tex]3 - [S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)][/tex]

we can eliminate π0 from the above equations.

D. Determining the Steady-State Probabilities:

We have four unknowns: π1, π2, π3, and π0. From the steady-state equations,

we obtainπ0 = [tex](2/15)π1π2 = (3/8)π1π3 = (5/24)π1\\[/tex]

By substitution into the normalization condition,

we get:[tex]π1 + (2/15)π1 + (3/8)π1 + (5/24)π1 = 1,[/tex]

from whichπ1 = [tex]168/433π0 = (2/15)π1 = 0.039π2 = (3/8)π1 = 0.179π3 = (5/24)π1 = 0.372[/tex]

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Typical ways that companies cause financial statements to be misstated through fraud or aggressive financial reporting include: Revenue recognition fraud, Expense manipulation, Asset overstatement, Liability understatement, Earnings management, Off-balance-sheet financing, and Related-party transactions

By being aware of these methods, investors and regulators can better detect potential fraud or aggressive financial reporting in financial statements.

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The core capability that helps to return business activities (including food and agriculture) to a healthy state is operational coordination. The correct answer is option d.

Operational coordination refers to the process of coordinating and managing operational activities to ensure that they are aligned with the organization's goals and objectives. In the context of returning business activities to a healthy state, operational coordination plays a critical role in ensuring that all operational activities are effectively managed and coordinated to minimize disruption to the organization's operations.

By doing so, it helps to ensure that business activities, including food and agriculture, can be returned to a healthy state.

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The dividend yield is 2.5% (0.078/0.098).

The dividend yield is the ratio of annual dividends per share to the current stock price. Since the question does not provide information about the annual dividend per share, we can calculate it using the constant growth dividend discount model. The formula for this model is:

P = D/(r-g)

Where P is the stock price, D is the annual dividend per share, r is the required return, and g is the growth rate of dividends. We can rearrange this formula to solve for D:

D = P(r-g)

Substituting the given values, we get:

D = 80(0.098-0.078) = 2

So the annual dividend per share is $2.

The dividend yield is then calculated as:

Dividend yield = (Annual dividends per share / Current stock price) x 100%

Dividend yield = (2/80) x 100% = 2.5%

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Jim may not be able to get his loan reinstated if Jim's lender obtains a final judgment of foreclosure while judicially foreclosing on his home.

Normally, Jim's ability to restart the loan by paying the outstanding sum and any fines or penalties related to the default is terminated by this decision.

Jim may only have the ability to redeem the property by making the entire amount owed, work out a deal with the lender to sell it, or depart the premises once the judgment of foreclosure has been rendered. Upon receiving a notice of foreclosure, it is critical for borrowers like Jim to take immediate action and consider all of their alternatives in order to keep their house.

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If you are using data-driven decision-making, the action steps you would take include collecting and analyzing data to identify trends and patterns. Here option A, B, C, and D are the correct answer.

Using data to inform and guide decision-making (option b), continuously monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of decisions (option c), and making adjustments to decisions based on data analysis (option d). Options e, ignoring data and making decisions based on intuition, is not a step in data-driven decision-making.

Data-driven decision-making involves using data to make informed decisions. By collecting and analyzing data, you can identify trends and patterns that can help guide your decision-making. Continuously monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of your decisions allows you to make adjustments based on data analysis. This approach helps ensure that your decisions are based on evidence rather than intuition.

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Complete question:

If you are using data-driven decision-making, what action steps would you take? Select all that apply.

a. Collect and analyze data to identify trends and patterns.

b. Use data to inform and guide decision-making.

c. Continuously monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of decisions. d. Make adjustments to decisions based on data analysis.

e. Ignore data and make decisions based on intuition.

The amount of sales must be made to produce the target income is $305,000 (option c)

In this case, Watson Company has set a target monthly income of $14,900. This means that they have a specific goal in mind for how much profit they want to earn each month.

The contribution margin is the amount of revenue that is left over after deducting variable costs. In other words, it is the amount of money that contributes to covering fixed costs and generating profit.

The contribution margin ratio is the percentage of each dollar of sales revenue that is left over after deducting variable costs. In this case, Watson Company has a 40% contribution margin ratio.

To calculate the amount of sales revenue needed to achieve the target monthly income, we can use the following formula:

(target monthly income + fixed costs) / contribution margin ratio = required sales revenue

Plugging in the numbers from the scenario, we get:

($14,900 + $82,000) / 0.40 = $305,000

Hence the correct option is (c).

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Complete Question:

Watson Company has monthly fixed costs of $82,000 and a 40% contribution margin ratio. If the company has set a target monthly income of $14,900, what dollar amount of sales must be made to produce the target income?

a) $242,250

b) $96,900

c) $305,000

d) $37,250

e) $167,750

The expenditures associated with restructuring and laying off employees that apply to asset sales and plant closures because these activities of the income statement and balance sheet of General mills being a normal part of a business.

For the fourth quarter and the entire fiscal year that ended on May 26, 2019, General Mills released results today. Blue Buffalo Pet Products, Inc. ("Blue Buffalo"), which was bought on April 24, 2018, made contributions to the financial performance for the fiscal year 2019.

Your long-term operational costs are forecasted in an expenses report. Rent, insurance, automobiles, advertising, staff compensation, and accounting and legal fees are a few examples of business expenses that may be incurred. Make your projection based on market research and industry standards if you are launching a new firm.

Net sales for the retail industry fell 2% to $9.92 billion. Net revenues from organic sources fell 1%.

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Rabeya is the owner of a consultancy business that specializes nearly entirely in projects. To be able to use the correct individuals with the proper skill set on each project-type, Rabeya should organize her work using  functional hierarchy.

Conglomerate (H-Form) Design: Used by a grouping of unconnected enterprises to form an entity. An organic organization may change with its surroundings rather quickly.

Planning: The Rabeya process of figuring out how to bring an organization to where it wants to go in the future and the best way to do it. 2.) Organizing: The process of creating employment, classifying jobs into units, and building hierarchies of power inside and between units and jobs.

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