The removal of coal that is not close to earths surface through a horizontal opening in the side of a hill or mountain is called

Answer: 4) nichrome

Explanation:

I did the math

The wire could be made of copper. Therefore, option 2 is correct.

Use the formula for resistance:

R = (ρ × L) / A

where:

R is the resistance of the wire,

ρ is the resistivity of the material,

L is the length of the wire, and

A is the cross-sectional area of the wire.

Calculate the resistivity for each material using the given information and then compare it with the given resistance value.

Aluminum:

Resistance of the wire (R) = 0.125 Ω

Length of the wire (L) = 0.686 m

The cross-sectional area of the wire (A) = 8.23 × [tex]10^{-6}[/tex] m²

R = (ρ × L) / A

ρ = (R A) / L

= (0.125 × 8.23 × 10⁻⁶) / 0.686

Calculating ρ for aluminum:

ρ = 1.5 × 10⁻⁸ Ω.m

Copper:

ρ = 1.7 × 10⁻⁸Ω.m

Tungsten:

ρ = 5.6 × 10⁻⁸ Ω.m

Nichrome:

ρ = 1.10× 10⁻⁶ Ω.m

Compare the resistivity values with the known resistivity values for different materials:

Aluminum: ρ = 1.5 × 10⁻⁸ Ω.m

Copper: ρ = 1.7 × 10⁻⁸ Ω.m

Tungsten: ρ = 5.6 × 10⁻⁸ Ω.m

Nichrome: ρ = 1.10 × 10⁻⁶ Ω.m

Therefore, the wire could be made of copper.

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A force of 1 pounds is required to hold a spring stretched 0.1 feet beyond its natural length. The work done in stretching the spring from its natural length to 0.9 feet beyond its natural length is 4.05 lb*ft.

To calculate the work done in stretching the spring, we can use Hooke's Law and the work formula for a spring. Hooke's Law states that the force (F) required to stretch a spring is proportional to its displacement (x) from its natural length, represented as F = kx, where k is the spring constant.

From the given information, 1 pound of force is required to stretch the spring 0.1 feet. Therefore, we can find the spring constant k:

1 lb = k * 0.1 ft
k = 10 lb/ft

Now we can use the work formula for a spring: W = (1/2)kx^2, where W is the work done and x is the displacement from the natural length. In this case, we are stretching the spring 0.9 feet:

W = (1/2)(10 lb/ft)(0.9 ft)^2

W = 4.05 lb*ft

So, the work done is 4.05 lb*ft.

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If the flywheel's rotational velocity is constant and the force applied by the ant is strong enough, the ant will adhere to the wheel's rim without slipping.

In this case, the ant's tangential velocity will be the same as the wheel's tangential velocity, and the centripetal force acting on the ant will be supplied by the frictional force.Using F = ma, we know that a = v^2/r. We can then substitute the value for the angular velocity and wheel radius to get the centripetal acceleration.

The centripetal force on the ant is m*ac. This centripetal force is supplied by the ant's grip on the wheel. Since the ant can hold on to the wheel with a force much greater than its own weight, it is safe to assume that the force of the grip is greater than the centripetal force.

In conclusion, the force with which the ant must hold on to stay on the wheel at point III is equal to the centripetal force exerted on it, which is equal to its mass multiplied by its centripetal acceleration, which is equal to m*v^2/r.

The mass of the ant is given as 1 gram (0.001 kg), and the radius of the wheel is given as 0.4 m. The linear velocity v can be calculated using the formula v = ωr. Therefore, the force required to keep the ant on the wheel at point III is:F = m*v^2/rF = 0.001*[(2*2*3.14*0.4)^2]/0.4F = 9.92 N (approximately)

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The magnitude of the horizontal acceleration of the shot put is 1.614 [tex]ft/s^2[/tex].

To find the size of the level speed increase of the shot put, we want to utilize Newton's Subsequent Regulation, which expresses that the power applied on an article is equivalent to the item's mass times its speed increase. For this situation, the mass of the shot put is given as 0.55 slugs, and the power applied by the shot putter is 68 lb.

To decide the level part of the power, we want to utilize geometry since the power is applied at a point of 40 degrees to the flat. The level part of the power is given by Fcos(40), where F is the all out power of 68 lb. Hence, the flat part of the power is 68cos(40) = 51.96 lb.

Presently we can utilize Newton's Second Regulation to track down the size of the level speed increase. Since the power is in pounds and the mass is in slugs, we really want to change over the power into slugs. Utilizing the transformation factor 1 lb = 1/32.2 slugs, we have:

51.96 lb * (1/32.2 slugs/lb) = 1.614 slugs-[tex]ft/s^2[/tex]

In this manner, the size of the level speed increase of the shot put is 1.614[tex]ft/s^2[/tex].

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The angular acceleration of the merry-go-round is 4 rad/s².

To find the angular acceleration of the merry-go-round, follow these steps:

1. Convert the final angular speed from rev/s to rad/s:
Final angular speed = 0.50 rev/s * 2π rad/rev = π rad/s

2. Convert the number of revolutions to radians:
Number of revolutions = 2.0 rev * 2π rad/rev = 4π rad

3. Use the angular displacement equation to find the angular acceleration:
θ = ω₀ * t + 0.5 * α * t^2, where θ is angular displacement, ω₀ is initial angular speed (0 in this case), α is angular acceleration, and t is time.

4. Use the final angular speed equation to find time:
ω = ω₀ + α * t, where ω is final angular speed, ω₀ is initial angular speed (0 in this case), α is angular acceleration, and t is time.

5. Rearrange the final angular speed equation to find time in terms of angular acceleration:
t = (ω - ω₀) / α = π / α

6. Substitute the time expression into the angular displacement equation:
4π = 0.5 * α * (π / α)^2

7. Solve for angular acceleration:
α = 4 rad/s²

Hence, the angular acceleration of the merry-go-round is 4 rad/s².

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The initial temperature of the hot glass prism was 81.2°C.

A transparent object having two triangular ends and three rectangular sides is known as glass prism.

As we know, Q = mcΔT

Q is heat transferred, m is the of the water, c is specific heat capacity of water, ΔT is change in temperature of the water.

Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, heat lost by hot glass prism is equal to heat gained by the water:

Q_lost = Q_gained

Heat lost by the hot glass prism can be calculated as: Q_lost = mcΔT

m is mass of the glass prism and ΔT is difference between initial temperature of prism (T_i) and final temperature of the water (25°C).

Heat gained by the water can be calculated as: Q_gained = mcΔT

m is mass of the water and c is specific heat capacity of water.

mcΔT = mcΔT_g

T_i = (ΔT_g / ΔT) x 25°C

Heat transferred from the glass prism to water is: Q = mcΔT = 100 g x 0.664 J/(g °C) x (25°C - T_i)

ΔT_g = T_i - T_hot = - (25°C - T_i)

100 g x 0.664 J/(g °C) x (25°C - T_i) = 300 g x 4.184 J/(g °C) x (25°C - 22°C)

T_i = 81.2°C

Therefore,  initial temperature of the hot glass prism was 81.2°C.

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Answer:

36,125KiloJoules.

Explanation:

K.E= 1/2MV².

that's 0.5 X 10,000 X 85.

which equals 36, 125, 000 Joules or 36,125 Kilo Joules.

Answer:

36,125,000 Joule is the answer according to the formula KE=1/2×m×(v)2

When the balloon rises high above earth to a point where the atmospheric pressure is 0.340 atm and its volume increases to 5.00 x 10³ m³, the temperature of the atmosphere at this higher altitude is approximately 255.1 K.

Using the combined gas law, we can determine the temperature at the higher altitude. The combined gas law is:

(P₁ × V₁) / T₁ = (P₂ × V₂) / T₂

Given:
P₁ = 1.000 atm (ground level pressure)
V₁ = 2.00 x 10³ m³ (ground level volume)
T₁ = 27°C + 273.15 (convert to Kelvin) = 300.15 K (ground level temperature)
P₂ = 0.340 atm (higher altitude pressure)
V₂ = 5.00 x 10³ m³ (higher altitude volume)

We want to find T₂, the higher altitude temperature:

(1.000 atm × 2.00 x 10³ m³) / 300.15 K = (0.340 atm × 5.00 x 10³ m³) / T₂

Solving for T₂:

T₂ = (0.340 atm × 5.00 x 10³ m³) × 300.15 K / (1.000 atm × 2.00 x 10³ m³)
T₂ ≈ 255.1 K

So, the temperature of the atmosphere at the higher altitude is approximately 255.1 K.

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The falling of the rock will follow the principle of conservation of energy.

Before the rock falls, all the energy is stored as potential energy. The kinetic energy increases as the rock falls because its speed increases. The potential energy decreases as the rock falls because its position relative to the ground decreases.

Thus, the total energy remains constant.

When the rock falls, it gains kinetic energy due to its motion, and loses potential energy due to its decrease in height. However, the total energy of the system (rock, cliff, and Earth) remains constant because energy is conserved. This is known as the conservation of energy principle.

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The Pan-STARRS telescopes can detect potential killer asteroids colliding with Earth up to a few weeks in advance.

The Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) is a system of telescopes used for wide-field astronomical surveys, including asteroid detection. The system is capable of detecting near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) and potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) with diameters larger than 140 meters up to several decades in advance of their potential impact with Earth.

The exact time frame for detection depends on the size, trajectory, and reflectivity of the asteroid, as well as the observation frequency of the telescope system. However, the Pan-STARRS system provides an important tool for identifying potentially hazardous asteroids and informing future efforts for mitigation and prevention of catastrophic asteroid impacts.

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The devices used by mechanical cooling thermostats to turn off early enough to prevent system overshoot or temperatures below the thermostat set point are called anticipators.

An anticipator is a small resistor that operates like a little heater inside your thermostat. The anticipator is the device that controls the duration of each heating cycle in old-style thermostats. This component essentially informs the heating and cooling system to cut off early. The mechanical thermostat anticipator is made up of two parts: the thermostat switch and the heat anticipator. When the thermostat switch turns off, the anticipator's heater stays on for a short period longer, avoiding overheating or undercooling of the controlled space.

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It would take approximately 15129 helium-filled balloons to lift a person with a mass of 72 kg, assuming each balloon is spherical with a diameter of 36 cm.

First, let's calculate the volume of each helium-filled balloon:

radius (r) = 18 cm = 0.18 m (since the diameter is given as 36 cm)

volume of a sphere (V) = (4/3)πr^3

V = (4/3)π(0.18)^3

V ≈ 0.00387 m^3

Next, let's calculate the weight of the displaced air by each balloon:

density of air (ρ) = 1.2 kg/m^3 (at sea level and room temperature)

weight of displaced air (F) = ρVg

F = 1.2 * 0.00387 * 9.81

F ≈ 0.0467 N

Now, let's calculate the weight of the person:

weight of person (W) = mass * g

W = 72 * 9.81

W ≈ 706.3 N

Finally, we can calculate the number of balloons needed to lift the person:

number of balloons = (W / F) + 1

The extra balloon is added to account for the weight of the balloons themselves. Substituting the values, we get:

number of balloons = (706.3 / 0.0467) + 1

number of balloons ≈ 15129

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If the mass of the objects increases, then the gravitational force between them will also increase, as it is directly proportional to the mass of the objects involved.

The law of universal gravitation is a physical law that describes the attraction between two masses. It states that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

The equation for this law is F = G(m1m2/d²), where F is the force of attraction, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and d is the distance between them. As the masses of the objects increase, the gravitational force between them also increases, assuming that the distance between them remains constant.

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People do weigh less near the equator because of the centrifugal force of the earth spinning. Yes, The centrifugal force counteracts gravity enough for even a marginal weight difference near the equator.

This is because the equator is further away from the center of the earth than the poles.

As a result, people at the equator are moving faster than those at the poles due to the earth's rotation. This movement generates centrifugal force, which reduces the gravitational force acting on a person at the equator by about 0.3%.

Therefore, a person weighs about 0.5% less at the equator than at the poles.

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The image distance when a boy holds a toy soldier in front of a concave mirror, with a focal length of 0.45 m. is -0.56 m.

When an object is put in front of a plane mirror, this is the distance between the image that results and the focus.

To calculate the image distance, we use the formula below.

Formula:

1/f = 1/u+1/v Equation 1

Where:

f = Focal length of the mirror

v = Image distance

u = object distance

From the question,

Given:

f = 0.45 m

u = 0.25 m

Equation 1 can be changed to reflect these numbers to determine the image distance.

1/0.45 = 1/0.25 + 1/v

2.22 = 4+1/v

1/v = 2.22-4

1/v = -1.78

v = 1/(-1.78)

v = -0.56 m

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If you are driving 65 mph in the far left lane of a highway and everyone else in the lane is going 70 mph and above, you should move to a lane that is more appropriate to your speed. The correct answer is option b.

You should switch to a lane that's more suited for your pace If you're driving 65 mph in the far left lane of a highway and everyone else is travelling 70 mph or higher,

This is because the left lane is considered the passing lane in many states, and is generally used for faster-moving traffic. Slower traffic should stay in the right-hand lane or move over if they are in the left lane.

So, option (b) move to a lane that is more appropriate to your speed is correct.

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Green light of wavelength 540 nm is incident on two slits that are separated by 0.50 mm can be determined various steps.

(a) Physical quantities that can be determined using this information include:

Three physical quantities that can be determined using this information are:

(b)

Three changes that will each result in doubling the distance between the 0th and the first bright spot on the screen are:

Doubling the distance between the slits and the screen: The distance between the slits and the screen affects the spacing between bright fringes on the screen.

By doubling the distance between the slits and the screen, the spacing between bright fringes will be doubled.

Halving the distance between the slits: The distance between the slits affects the angle of diffraction of the light.

By halving the distance between the slits, the angle of diffraction will be doubled, resulting in the doubling of the distance between the 0th and the first bright spot on the screen.

Using light of half the wavelength: The wavelength of the light affects the spacing between bright fringes on the screen.

By using light of half the wavelength (i.e., 270 nm), the spacing between bright fringes will be halved, resulting in the doubling of the distance between the 0th and the first bright spot on the screen.

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The statement which is false about the terrestrial planets is : "despite being the closest planet to the sun, some parts of mercury have a surface temperature far below the freezing point of water."

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, which means that it receives a large amount of solar radiation. However, the planet's lack of atmosphere and slow rotation result in extreme temperature variations between its day and night sides. During its daytime, temperatures can reach up to 430 °C (800 °F), which is hot enough to melt lead.

However, as Mercury rotates away from the sun and enters its nighttime, its surface cools rapidly. Due to the lack of an atmosphere to hold in heat, the planet's nighttime temperatures can drop to as low as -173 °C (-280 °F). These extreme temperature variations make it difficult for any potential life to survive on Mercury.

Despite these extreme temperature variations, some parts of Mercury do not get cold enough to freeze water. Water freezes at 0 °C (32 °F), and the lowest temperature ever recorded on Mercury was around -183 °C (-297 °F). Therefore, while some parts of Mercury can get very cold, it never gets cold enough to freeze water is the correct option.

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Oxygen gas is an example of matter because it has mass and occupies space. The correct option is A.

Matter can exist in various forms such as solids, liquids, gases, and plasma, and can be composed of atoms or molecules. The properties of matter, such as its density, temperature, and pressure, can be studied through the use of various physical and chemical processes.

Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms, which consist of a nucleus containing positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The arrangement of these particles in matter determines its physical and chemical properties. These interactions play a critical role in many physical phenomena, including the behavior of materials under different conditions, the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies, and the behavior of subatomic particles.

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The image distance is negative, this means the image is formed behind the mirror, at a distance of 13.33 cm behind the sunglasses.

Since the sunglasses have a convex surface, we can use the mirror equation:

1/f = 1/do + 1/di

where f is the focal length of the mirror, do is the object distance (the distance between the object and the mirror), and di is the image distance (the distance between the mirror and the image).

In this case, f = -20.0 cm (since the mirror is convex), do = 40.0 cm (since your face is 40.0 cm from the sunglasses), and we want to find di.

Substituting these values into the mirror equation, we get:

1/(-20.0 cm) = 1/(40.0 cm) + 1/di

Simplifying this equation, we get:

-0.05 = 0.025 + 1/di

Subtracting 0.025 from both sides, we get:

-0.075 = 1/di

Dividing both sides by -0.075, we get:

di = -13.33 cm.

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Rounded to the nearest whole number, the refracted angle is 16 degrees.

Using Snell's Law, we can calculate the refracted angle. Snell's Law states that n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2), where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction, and θ1 and θ2 are the incident and refracted angles, respectively.

Given:
n1 = 2.1
θ1 = 61 degrees
n2 = 7.5

We need to find θ2.

2.1 * sin(61) = 7.5 * sin(θ2)

To find θ2, we can rearrange the equation:

sin(θ2) = (2.1 * sin(61)) / 7.5

Now, find the inverse sine (arc sin) to get θ2:

θ2 = arc sin[(2.1 * sin(61)) / 7.5]

θ2 ≈ 15.58 degrees

Rounded to the nearest whole number, the refracted angle is 16 degrees.

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The forces that acts on a moving car are majorly driving force, reactionary force, frictional force, gravitational force, and the air resistance.

A multiple set of forces acts on ant object, when it is in motion, lets see each of them clearly.

Driving force: This is the force generated by the car's engine that propels the car forward.

Friction force: This force acts opposite to the car's direction of motion and is caused by the interaction between the car's tires and the road surface.

Air resistance/drag force: This is the force that opposes the car's motion as it moves through the air.

Gravitational force: This force pulls the car down towards the Earth.

Centripetal force: This force acts on the car when it moves in a circular path, and is directed towards the center of the circle.

Normal force: This force is exerted on the car by the ground, perpendicular to the surface of the road.

Therefore, these mentioned forces interact in complex ways to determine the car's motion, and can be influenced by factors such as the car's speed, mass, and shape, as well as the road surface and external conditions like wind and temperature.

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The complete question is :

Draw the labelled sketch of a system of forces acting on a moving car and explain it.

In the previous problem, if your system's power use under load is 125 watts, and your electricity cost was 15 cents per kwh (kilowatt hour), the cost of power for running the system for a month under continuous load would be $16.38.

A watt is a unit of power in the International System of Units (SI). One watt is equal to one joule per second (J/s), or one ampere of electrical current with a potential difference of one volt (A⋅V).  Electricity is the set of physical phenomena related to the presence and motion of matter that has the property of electric charge. It is associated with charged particles, including electrons, protons, and ions, and the electromagnetic fields that interact with them. Penny is a monetary unit of the United States, worth one cent. It's the smallest denomination of currency in the US, with the exception of the half-cent that was previously used.

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The telescope uses a reflecting design with a concave primary mirror and a secondary mirror.

The telescope you are noticing utilizes a reflecting telescope, which shines light utilizing a sunken essential mirror situated at the lower part of the telescope. The light emission enters the telescope through a little opening in the essential mirror, which mirrors the light to an optional mirror situated close to the highest point of the telescope.

The optional mirror then, at that point, mirrors the light to an eyepiece situated along the edge of the telescope, which permits the spectator to see the picture shaped by the essential mirror. This kind of telescope is known as a Newtonian reflector, named after Sir Isaac Newton who imagined this plan in the seventeenth 100 years.

Reflecting telescopes enjoy upper hands over refracting telescopes, for example, being liberated from chromatic abnormality, and the capacity to create bigger gaps without a similar degree of cost and intricacy.

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Answer:

The resistance of the original aluminum wire is 1/100 ohm.

Explanation:

A wire's resistance is proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. When a wire is cut into ten equal segments and stacked, its length is decreased by one-tenth yet its cross-sectional area stays constant.

Let R denote the original aluminium wire's resistance.

When the wire is cut into ten equal sections and stacked, the resistance of each component is ten times that of the original wire (since the length is one-tenth and the cross-sectional area stays constant). As a result, the resistance of one portion is 10R.

The resistance of the whole cone is 1 ohm when all 10 pieces are stacked. As a result, one portion has a resistance of 1/10 ohm.

Equating the resistance of one part to 10R, we get:

10R = 1/10 ohm

Solving for R, we get:

R = 1/100 ohm

Therefore, the resistance of the original aluminum wire is 1/100 ohm.

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a) Heat = 1900 J, Work done on the gas = 399.7 J, ΔU = 1500.3 Jb) Each monatomic gas particle has 3 active modes. c) Heat for subprocess 3 to 1 = -399.7 J

a) The heat and work done on the gas during a cycle Internal energy is a state function, which implies that the changes in the internal energy of a system are independent of how the energy is transferred. The net heat added to a system is equal to the difference between the work done by the system and the change in the internal energy of the system. Thus, the formula for the first law of thermodynamics is as follows: Q - W = ΔUwhere Q is the heat, W is the work done on the gas, and ΔU is the change in internal energy. Substituting the values given, we have1900 - W = 1500.3Therefore, W = 399.7 J Heat can be calculated as follows: Q = ΔU + W = 1500.3 + 399.7 = 1900 Jb) Number of active modes in each gas particleEach gas particle has three degrees of freedom: translational, rotational, and vibrational. For a monatomic gas, the gas particles only have translational degrees of freedom since they cannot rotate or vibrate. Thus, each monatomic gas particle has three active modes. c) Heat for subprocess 3 to 1The heat for subprocess 3 to 1 can be calculated using the first law of thermodynamics: Q = ΔU + W For this subprocess, ΔU = 1500.3 J and W = -1900 J (since the gas is expanding and doing work on the surroundings).Thus,Q = 1500.3 - 1900 = -399.7 J

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Answer:

Explanation:

Making parallax measurements from Pluto would offer several advantages over Earth:

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

The advantage of making parallax measurements from Pluto is that it provides a much larger baseline for the measurements, which would increase the accuracy of the measurements. However, the disadvantage is that Pluto's orbit is highly elliptical, which could make the measurements more difficult and less precise.

Parallax is a method used by astronomers to measure distances to nearby stars. It involves measuring the apparent shift in position of a star relative to distant background stars as the Earth orbits around the Sun. This shift is caused by the observer's change in position relative to the star. By measuring the angle of this shift, astronomers can calculate the distance to the star.

If parallax measurements were made from Pluto, the distance between the observer and the star would be much greater than if the measurements were made from Earth. This larger baseline would result in a greater angle of shift, which would increase the accuracy of the measurements.

However, Pluto's highly elliptical orbit could make the measurements more challenging because the distance between Pluto and the star would change over time. This would require careful timing of the measurements to ensure accuracy. Additionally, Pluto's distance from Earth could make it more difficult to transmit the data back to Earth.

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An ammeter always connected in series and a voltmeter always in parallel in a circuit.

An ammeter is always connected in series because it is used to measure the current flowing through a particular part of a circuit. When an ammeter is connected in series, all of the current flowing through the circuit also flows through the ammeter. By measuring this current, the ammeter can provide an accurate reading of the current in that part of the circuit. If an ammeter were connected in parallel, it would change the resistance of the circuit and interfere with the current flow, giving an inaccurate reading.

A voltmeter is always connected in parallel because it is used to measure the voltage difference between two points in a circuit. When a voltmeter is connected in parallel, it is connected across the two points where the voltage difference is to be measured. This means that the voltmeter has a very high resistance, which ensures that it draws very little current from the circuit and does not affect the voltage being measured. If a voltmeter were connected in series, it would change the resistance of the circuit and interfere with the voltage being measured, giving an inaccurate reading.

Hence, an ammeter always connected in series and a voltmeter always in parallel in a circuit.

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False. The linear velocity of the coin remains constant because the angular velocity of the disk is constant and the coin rotates without sliding.

The distance from the location of the coin to the center of the disk does not affect the linear velocity of the coin.

The linear velocity of the coin is equal to the product of the angular velocity of the disk and the distance from the center of the disk to the location of the coin.

However, since the angular velocity of the disk is constant, the linear velocity of the coin is also constant, regardless of its distance from the center.

This can be explained by the fact that all points on the rotating disk undergo the same angular displacement in the same amount of time, which results in a constant angular velocity.

As a result, the linear velocity of the coin does not increase in magnitude as its distance from the center of the disk increases.

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