Lean manufacturing refers to a collection of principles, methods, and tools that help organizations eliminate waste and increase efficiency. These principles apply to all businesses, regardless of their size or industry. The following are the seven types of waste that Saudi Manufacturing companies must keep in mind during production:
Overproduction: This is a type of waste that occurs when a company produces more than it needs or produces too soon before demand arises. This can lead to a buildup of inventory and cash flow issues.Waiting: This occurs when workers or machines are idle for any length of time, resulting in a loss of efficiency.Transportation: This type of waste is linked to unnecessary movement of goods or products. This can occur when products are moved from one location to another without adding value to them.Processing: This type of waste occurs when a company uses more resources than necessary to produce a product. This can occur when a product is manufactured with features that customers do not need, resulting in increased costs and reduced efficiency.Inventory: This type of waste is linked to excess inventory. This can be costly and inefficient, leading to reduced cash flow.Motion: This refers to any unnecessary movement of people or equipment. This can lead to unnecessary work, wasted energy, and reduced efficiency.Defects: This type of waste occurs when a company produces products that are defective or not up to standard. This can result in lost productivity, wasted materials, and reduced customer satisfaction.Saudi Manufacturing companies must keep in mind these types of waste during production. They should aim to eliminate or minimize them to increase efficiency and productivity.
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Lampierre makes silver and gold candlesticks. The company computed this information to decide whether to switch from the traditional allocation method to ABC. Silver and Gold, respectively. Units planned 500, 250. Material moves 250, 750. Machine setups 5,600, 4,400. Direct labor hours 500, 1,500. The estimated overhead for the material cost pool is estimated as $45,000, and the estimate for the machine setup pool is $55,000. Calculate the allocation rate per unit of silver and per unit of gold using:Silver GoldUnits planned 500 250Material moves 250 750 Machine setups 5,600 4,400Direct labor hours 500 1,500What the Overhead per unit for Silver, using ABC?
What the Overhead per unit for Gold, using Traditional?
Overhead per unit for silver using is $84.10 per unit and Overhead per unit for gold using traditional allocation is $225 per unit.
To calculate the overhead allocation rates per unit using ABC, we need to divide the estimated overhead costs for each cost pool by the total activity for that pool:
Allocation rate for material cost pool = $45,000 / 1,000 material moves = $45 per material move
Allocation rate for machine setup cost pool = $55,000 / 10,000 machine setups = $5.50 per machine setup
Using these allocation rates, we can calculate the overhead per unit for silver:
Overhead for silver using ABC = (250 material moves x $45 per material move) + (5,600 machine setups x $5.50 per machine setup) = $11,250 + $30,800 = $42,050
Overhead per unit for silver using ABC = $42,050 / 500 units planned = $84.10 per unit
To calculate the overhead per unit for gold using the traditional allocation method, we need to allocate the total overhead costs based on the direct labor hours for each product:
Total direct labor hours = 500 + 1,500 = 2,000
Direct labor hours for gold = 1,500 / 2,000 x total overhead costs = $75,000 x 0.75 = $56,250
Overhead per unit for gold using traditional allocation = $56,250 / 250 units planned = $225 per unit
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Baxter company purchases used equipment from grant company, issuing a non-interest-bearing, $10,000, 5-year note in exchange. baxter uses an incremental borrowing rate of 12%. the present value of $10,000 to be repaid at the end of five years at 12% is $5,674.27. baxter company will record this exchange with
Baxter company will record the exchange of purchasing used equipment from grant company using a non-interest-bearing, $10,000, 5-year note in exchange as follows:
Firstly, Baxter will record the equipment purchased at its fair market value. Assuming the fair market value of the used equipment is also $10,000, Baxter will debit Equipment for $10,000 and credit either Cash or Notes Payable for $10,000.
Next, since the note is non-interest-bearing, Baxter will not record any interest expense or interest payable. Instead, the note will be recorded at its present value, which is $5,674.27. Baxter will debit Notes Payable for $5,674.27 and credit either Cash or Notes Payable for $5,674.27.
The difference between the face value of the note ($10,000) and its present value ($5,674.27) is a discount of $4,325.73. This discount represents the cost of borrowing the money from the grant company at a rate lower than Baxter's incremental borrowing rate of 12%. Baxter will amortize this discount over the life of the note using the effective interest method.
In conclusion, Baxter company will record the exchange of purchasing used equipment from grant company using a non-interest-bearing, $10,000, 5-year note in exchange by recognizing the fair value of the equipment purchased, recording the note at its present value, and amortizing the discount over the life of the note.
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1 debt 10. 0% 1 wACCE 11. 20% asset 15. 0% tax rate 34%. Equity 24. 9% 1 Tee 2%
Tiger Towers, Inc. Is considering an expansion of their existing business, student apartments. The new project will be built on some vacant land that the firm has just contracted to buy. The land cost $1,000,000 and the payment is due today. Construction of a 20-unit office building will cost $3 million; this expense will be depreciated straight-line over 30 years to zero salvage value; the pretax value of the land and building in year 30 will be $18,000,000. The $3,000,000 construction cost is to be paid today. The project will not change the risk level of the firm. The firm will lease 20 offices suites at $20,000 per suite per year; payment is due at the start of the year; occupancy will begin in one year. Variable cost is $3,500 per suite. Fixed costs, excluding depreciation, are $75,000 per year. The project will require a $10,000 investment in net working capital.
What is the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 0? What is the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 2? What is the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 30?
Therefore, the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 30 is: $11,883,400
The depreciation expense for each year and adjust for the change in net working capital.
Year 0:
The cash outflow for Year 0 is the cost of the land and the construction cost, which is $1,000,000 + $3,000,000 = $4,000,000. There are no cash inflows in Year 0.
The depreciation expense for Year 0 is $3,000,000/30 = $100,000.
The change in net working capital for Year 0 is -$10,000.
Therefore, the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 0 is:
Cash flow = (Cash inflow - Cash outflow - Depreciation) * (1 - Tax rate) + Depreciation - Change in net working capital
Cash flow = (0 - $4,000,000 - $100,000) * (1 - 0.34) + $100,000 - (-$10,000)
Cash flow = -$2,636,000
Year 2:
The cash inflow for Year 2 is the lease payments for 20 office suites, which is 20 * $20,000 = $400,000. The variable cost for 20 office suites is 20 * $3,500 = $70,000. The fixed cost for Year 2 is $75,000.
The depreciation expense for Year 2 is $3,000,000/30 = $100,000.
The change in net working capital for Year 2 is 0 (assumed).
Therefore, the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 2 is:
Cash flow = (Cash inflow - Cash outflow - Depreciation) * (1 - Tax rate) + Depreciation - Change in net working capital
Cash flow = ($400,000 - $70,000 - $75,000 - $100,000) * (1 - 0.34) + $100,000 - 0
Cash flow = $110,900
Year 30:
The cash inflow for Year 30 is the pretax value of the land and building, which is $18,000,000. The variable cost for 20 office suites is 20 * $3,500 = $70,000. The fixed cost for Year 30 is $75,000.
The depreciation expense for Year 30 is $3,000,000/30 = $100,000.
The change in net working capital for Year 30 is 0 (assumed).
Therefore, the unlevered after-tax incremental cash flow for Year 30 is:
Cash flow = (Cash inflow - Cash outflow - Depreciation) * (1 - Tax rate) + Depreciation - Change in net working capital
Cash flow = ($18,000,000 - $70,000 - $75,000 - $100,000) * (1 - 0.34) + $100,000 - 0
Cash flow = $11,883,400
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which of the following is a characteristic of a prepaid group practice? which of the following is a characteristic of a prepaid group practice? insurance company reimburses beneficiary for out-of-pocket expenses physician is paid a flat fee per person regardless of services rendered physicians are employees of the hmo physicians are paid for the specific services they render
A prepaid group practice is a type of health maintenance organization (HMO) where members pay a fixed amount of money for healthcare services within a defined network of healthcare providers. One of the characteristics of a prepaid group practice is that physicians are paid a flat fee per person regardless of services rendered.
This means that the physician receives a fixed amount of money for each member of the group practice, regardless of how often they see the doctor or what services they receive. This payment structure is intended to encourage preventive care and discourage unnecessary medical procedures or tests.
Another characteristic of a prepaid group practice is that physicians are employees of the HMO. This means that they are not independent contractors but are instead employed by the HMO. This allows the HMO to have more control over the quality and cost of healthcare services provided to its members.
A third characteristic of a prepaid group practice is that insurance company reimburses the group practice for all the services provided to its members. This means that the members do not have to pay out-of-pocket expenses for covered services. The HMO assumes the financial risk for providing healthcare services to its members, and the insurance company reimburses the HMO for the cost of these services.
In summary, the characteristics of a prepaid group practice include physicians being paid a flat fee per person regardless of services rendered, physicians being employees of the HMO, and the insurance company reimbursing the group practice for all services provided to its members. These characteristics are intended to promote cost-effective and high-quality healthcare services for HMO members.
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A corporation has cumulative preferred stock on which it pays dividends of $20,000 per year. The dividends are in arrears for two years. If the corporation plans to distribute $90,000 as dividends in the current year, how much will the common stockholders receive?.
The common stockholders will receive $30,000 in dividends.
The cumulative preferred stock means that the dividends accumulate from year to year and must be paid before any dividends are paid to common stockholders.
In this case, the dividends are in arrears for two years, which means that the corporation owes the preferred stockholders $20,000 x 2 = $40,000 in unpaid dividends.
Since the corporation plans to distribute $90,000 as dividends in the current year, the preferred stockholders will receive their $40,000 in arrears plus their current year dividend of $20,000, for a total of $60,000.
The remaining $30,000 ($90,000 - $60,000) will be available for distribution to the common stockholders.
Therefore, the common stockholders will receive $30,000 in dividends.
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1. The stock in Hotel Management, Inc. , a hotel management corporation, was divided equally between two families. For several years, the two families had been unable to agree on or cooperate in the management of the corporation. As a result, no meeting of shareholders or directors had been held for five years. There had been no withdrawal of profits for five years, and last year the hotel operated at a loss. Although the corporation was not insolvent, such a state was imminent because the business was poorly managed and its properties were in need of repair. As a result, the owners of half the stock brought an action in equity for dissolution of the corporation. Will they succeed
It is possible that the owners of half the stock will succeed in their action for dissolution of the corporation.
Under certain circumstances, a court may grant a petition for dissolution of a corporation, such as in cases where the corporation is deadlocked and unable to carry out its business activities.
In this case, the fact that no meetings of shareholders or directors have been held for five years, and the corporation has operated at a loss and is in need of repair, may support a finding of deadlock and mismanagement. However, the court will consider all relevant facts and circumstances before deciding whether to grant the petition for dissolution.
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Limited Liability Companies. John, Lesa, and Trevor form a limited liability company. John contributes 60 percent of the capital, and Lesa and Trevor each contribute 20 percent. Nothing is decided about how profits will be divided. John assumes that he will be entitled to 60 percent of the profits, in accordance with his contribution. Lesa and Trevor, however, assume that the profits will be divided equally. A dispute over the profits arises, and ultimately a court has to decide the issue. What law will the court apply? In most states, what will result? How could this dispute have been avoided in the first place? Discuss fully
1.The court will likely apply the default rules established by the state's LLC statute in the absence of a specific agreement between the members.
2.In most states, the court will likely rule in favor of Lesa and Trevor's assumption that profits will be divided equally, as this is the default rule in the absence of a specific agreement.
3.To avoid this dispute in the first place, the members should have created a comprehensive operating agreement that addresses how profits will be divided among the members.
1.These default rules typically provide that profits are distributed equally among the members regardless of their capital contributions, unless the operating agreement provides otherwise.
2.John's assumption that he will be entitled to 60% of the profits based on his capital contribution will not hold up unless there is a provision in the operating agreement that specifically provides for such a distribution.
3. The operating agreement should have been drafted with the assistance of an attorney to ensure that it is legally binding and enforceable. The agreement should have explicitly stated how profits will be distributed among the members, taking into account their capital contributions, as well as any other factors that the members deem relevant.
By creating a well-drafted operating agreement, the members could have avoided the uncertainty and expense of litigation, and they could have ensured that their respective rights and obligations were clearly defined. The operating agreement could have also provided for dispute resolution mechanisms, such as mediation or arbitration, to address any future disputes that may arise among the members.
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Waterways Corporation is preparing its budget for the coming year, 2020. The first step is to plan for the first quarter of that coming year. The company has gathered information from its managers in preparation of the budgeting process.
Sales
Unit sales for November 2019 112,000
Unit sales for December 2019 102,000
Expected unit sales for January 2020 114,000
Expected unit sales for February 2020 114,000
Expected unit sales for March 2020 116,000
Expected unit sales for April 2020 126,000
Expected unit sales for May 2020 136,000
Unit selling price $12
Waterways likes to keep 10% of the next month’s unit sales in ending inventory. All sales are on account. 85% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month of sale, and 15% of the Accounts Receivable are collected in the month after sale. Accounts receivable on December 31, 2019, totaled $183,600.
Direct Materials
Direct materials cost 80 cents per pound. Two pounds of direct materials are required to produce each unit.
Waterways likes to keep 5% of the materials needed for the next month in its ending inventory. Raw Materials on December 31, 2019, totaled 11,400 pounds. Payment for materials is made within 15 days. 50% is paid in the month of purchase, and 50% is paid in the month after purchase. Accounts Payable on December 31, 2019, totaled $103,740.
Direct Labor
Labor requires 12 minutes per unit for completion and is paid at a rate of $6 per hour.
Manufacturing Overhead
Indirect materials 30¢ per labor hour
Indirect labor 50¢ per labor hour
Utilities 40¢ per labor hour
Maintenance 30¢ per labor hour
Salaries $41,000 per month
Depreciation $18,500 per month
Property taxes $2,900 per month
Insurance $1,200 per month
Maintenance $1,400 per month
Selling and Administrative
Variable selling and administrative cost per unit is $1. 60.
Advertising $16,000 a month
Insurance $1,600 a month
Salaries $73,000 a month
Depreciation $2,400 a month
Other fixed costs $3,100 a month
Other Information
The Cash balance on December 31, 2019, totaled $103,000, but management has decided it would like to maintain a cash balance of at least $800,000 beginning on January 31, 2020. Dividends are paid each month at the rate of $2. 30 per share for 4,800 shares outstanding. The company has an open line of credit with Romney’s Bank. The terms of the agreement requires borrowing to be in $1,000 increments at 6% interest. Waterways borrows on the first day of the month and repays on the last day of the month. A $520,000 equipment purchase is planned for February.
For the first quarter of 2020, prepare a cash budget. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e. G. 2,520. )
Payment for direct materials purchases in January 2020 is $102,024.
To prepare a cash budget for Waterways Corporation for the first quarter of 2020, we need to estimate the company's cash receipts and cash payments for January, February, and March 2020.
Cash receipts:
a. Sales in January 2020: (114,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,368,000
b. Sales in February 2020: (114,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,368,000
c. Sales in March 2020: (116,000 units x $12/unit) = $1,392,000
d. Collections from December 2019 Accounts Receivable: ($183,600 x 85%) = $156,060
e. Collections from January 2020 Accounts Receivable: ($1,368,000 x 85%) = $1,162,800
f. Collections from February 2020 Accounts Receivable: ($1,392,000 x 15%) = $208,800
Cash payments:
a. Direct materials purchases in January 2020: [(114,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $204,048
b. Direct materials purchases in February 2020: [(114,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $204,048
c. Direct materials purchases in March 2020: [(116,000 units x 2 lbs/unit) x $0.80/lb x 105%] = $208,176
d. Direct labor cost in January 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $68,400
e. Direct labor cost in February 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $68,400
f. Direct labor cost in March 2020: (116,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $6/hour / 60 minutes/hour) = $69,600
g. Manufacturing overhead in January 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,040
h. Manufacturing overhead in February 2020: (114,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,040
i. Manufacturing overhead in March 2020: (116,000 units x 12 minutes/unit x $0.30/labor hour) = $41,760
j. Selling and administrative expenses in January 2020: (114,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 = $282,740
k. Selling and administrative expenses in February 2020: (114,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 + $520,000 = $896,740
l. Selling and administrative expenses in March 2020: (116,000 units x $1.60/unit) + $94,100 + $520,000 = $908,740
m. Equipment purchase in February 2020: $520,000
n. Dividends paid each month: $2.30/share x 4,800 shares = $11,040
o. Payment for direct materials purchases in January 2020: ($204,048 x 50%) = $102,024
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LJ, married, left the Philippines in the middle of the year on July
1, 2020 to go abroad and work there for (5) years. The following data
were provided as of December 31, 2020:
Jan 1 to June 30 Gross Business Income Business Expense
PHs 300,000 100,000
Abroad 200,000 50,000
Jul 1 to Dec 30 Gross Business Income Business Expense
PHs 600,000 150,000
Abroad 400,000 50,000
LJ's total income tax due for the year 2020 is PHP 200,000.
Based on the information provided, LJ earned a total gross income of PHP 1,500,000 (PHP 300,000 + PHP 200,000 for the first half of the year, and PHP 600,000 + PHP 400,000 for the second half of the year). The total business expenses incurred amounted to PHP 350,000 (PHP 100,000 + PHP 50,000 for the first half of the year, and PHP 150,000 + PHP 50,000 for the second half of the year).
To compute for the taxable income, we need to subtract the total business expenses from the total gross income:
Taxable Income = Total Gross Income - Total Business Expenses
Taxable Income = PHP 1,500,000 - PHP 350,000
Taxable Income = PHP 1,150,000
However, since LJ left the Philippines on July 1, 2020, he/she will be considered as a non-resident citizen for tax purposes. Non-resident citizens are taxed only on their income derived from sources within the Philippines.
Thus, LJ's taxable income for the first half of the year will be taxed according to the regular tax rates for residents. On the other hand, LJ's taxable income for the second half of the year will be taxed using the special tax rate for non-resident citizens.
Assuming that LJ is single, below is the computation of the income tax due:
For the first half of the year (January 1 to June 30):
Taxable Income = PHP 300,000 - PHP 100,000
Taxable Income = PHP 200,000
Annual Income Tax for Residents:
On the first PHP 250,000 = 0%
On the next PHP 250,000 = 20%
On the next PHP 500,000 = 25%
On the next PHP 500,000 = 30%
Over PHP 1,500,000 = 35%
Tax due = [(PHP 200,000 - PHP 250,000) x 20%] + PHP 0
Tax due = PHP 0
For the second half of the year (July 1 to December 31):
Taxable Income = PHP 600,000 - PHP 150,000 + PHP 400,000 - PHP 50,000
Taxable Income = PHP 800,000
Annual Income Tax for Non-Residents = 25%
Tax due = PHP 800,000 x 25%
Tax due = PHP 200,000
Therefore, LJ's total income tax due for the year 2020 is PHP 200,000.
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in 2014, the euro was trading at $1.35 on the foreign exchange market. by 2015, the rate had fallen to $1.10, due to falling european interest rates. explain the fall in the price of a euro using supply and demand curves, and in words.
The depreciation of the euro raises the competitiveness of pricing outside the eurozone such as dollars, which should encourage exports of products and services from Europe.
Carry trading is a method whereby an investor borrows money at a low interest rate to invest in a security that generates a greater return. As a result of the lower European interest rate, the investor in this scenario would borrow more euros, sell them for dollars, and then use the proceeds to make investments in the United States. A rightward movement of the supply curve for euros, which is a visual representation of the carry trade, would indicate a rise in the supply of euros (i.e., "selling" euros). Because of the carry trade, the euro loses value in comparison to other currencies, particularly the dollar.
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what is a reason why a business may want to move entirely online?
A. To focus on global market
B. To avoid paying state and local taxes
C. To limit the number of items in its inventory
D. To double the number of employees
Answer:
A. To focus on global market.
Explanation:
Moving entirely online can help a business reach customers all around the world and expand its market.
the order-taking process should be , , and so that customers do not waste time and endure unnecessary mental or physical effort. short; curt; abrupt simple; slow; effortful short; sweet; ineffective polite; fast; accurate
The order-taking process should be polite, fast, and accurate so that customers do not waste time and and endure unnecessary mental or physical effort. So, correct option is D.
Customers expect a seamless and hassle-free ordering experience, and any unnecessary steps or delays can lead to frustration and dissatisfaction.
A short order-taking process means that the steps involved in placing an order should be minimal, with the fewest possible clicks or actions required. A simple process means that the customer should not have to jump through hoops or navigate a complex system to place an order. The process should be easy to understand and follow.
Efficiency is crucial, as customers want to receive their orders in a timely manner. The order-taking process should be designed to minimize wait times and ensure accuracy.
Using language that is polite and respectful is also important in the order-taking process. The order taker should be trained to speak in a friendly and helpful manner, and to ensure accuracy by repeating the order back to the customer.
So, correct option is D.
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Economic Development in Bangladesh
OPENING CASE
When Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan in 1971 after a brutal civil war that may have left as many as 3 million dead, the U.S. National Security Adviser, Henry Kissinger, referred to the country as a "basket case." Kiss inger's assessment was accurate enough. At the time, Bangladesh was one of the world's poorest nations. Al though most of the country is dominated by the Ferte Ganges-Brahmaputra delta, a lack of other natural re sources, coupled with poor infrastructure, political instability, and high levels of corruption, long held the country back. To compound matters, Bangladesh is prone to natu ral disasters. Most of Bangladesh is less than 12 meters above sea level. The extensive low-lying areas are vulner able to tropical cyclones, floods, and tidal bores.
Beginning in the mid 1990s, however, Bangladesh be gan to climb the ladder of economic progress. From the early 2000s onward, the country grew its economy at around 6 percent per annum compounded. Today, this Muslim majority country of 160 million people has joined the ranks of lower-middle-income nations. Poverty reduction has been dramatic, with the percentage of the population living in poverty falling from 44.2 percent in 1991 to 18.5 percent in 2010, an achievement that raised 20.5 million people out of abject poverty. Today the country ranks 64th out of the 154 countries included in the World Bank's global poverty database. Yes, it has a considerable way to go, but it is no longer one of the world's poorest countries.
Several reasons underlie Bangladesh's relative eco nomic success. In its initial post-independence period, Bangladesh adopted socialist policies, nationalizing many companies and subsidizing the costs of agricultural production and basic food products. These policies failed to deliver the anticipated gains. Policy reforms in the 1980s were directed toward the withdrawal of food and agricul tural subsidies, the privatization of state-owned compa nies, financial liberalization, and the withdrawal of some import restrictions. Further reforms aimed at liberalizing the economy were launched in the 1990s. These included. making the currency convertible (which led to a floating exchange rate in 2003), reducing import duties to much
lower levels, and removing most of the controls on the movement of foreign private capital (which is allowed for more foreign direct investment). The reforms of the 1990s. coincided with the transition to a parliamentary democracy. from semi-autocratic rule.
Bangladesh's private sector has expanded rapidly since then. Leading the growth has been the country's vibrant textile sector, which is now the second-largest exporter of ready-made garments in the world after China. Textiles ac count for 80 percent of Bangladesh's exports. The development of the textile industry has been helped by the availability of low-cost labor, managerial skills, favorable trade agreements, and government policies that elimi nated import duties on inputs for the textile business, such as raw materials. The Bangladesh economy has also ben efited from its productive agricultural sector and remit tences from more than 10 million Bangladesh citizens who work in other nations. Bangladesh is also home of the mi crofinance movement, which has enabled entrepreneurs with no prior access to the banking system to borrow small amounts of capital to start businesses.
This being said, the country still faces considerable impediments to sustaining its growth. Infrastructure re mains poor, corruption continues to be a major problem; and the political system is, at best, an imperfect democ racy where opposition is stified. The country is too depen dent upon its booming textile sector and needs to diversify its industrial base. Bangladesh is also one of the countries most prone to the adverse effects of climate change. A one-meter rise in sea level would leave an estimated 10 percent of the country under water and increase the po tential for floods in much of the remainder. travel, according to the U.S. Investment bank Gold man Sachs, Bangladesh is one of the 11 lower-middle income nations posed for sustained growth.
Please answer the following Qs:
What were the principal reasons for the economic stagnation of Bangladesh after its war for independence?
Explain how the liberalization program in the 1990s enabled Bangladesh to start climbing the ladder of economic progress. What are the main lessons here that can be applied to economic development in other nations?
Bangladesh is dependent for its prosperity upon agriculture and textile exports. What are the risks here? How might Bangladesh diversify its industrial and commercial base?
The economic stagnation of Bangladesh post war was primarily due lack of natural resource, lacking infrastructure, corrupt and political instability, and natural disasters.
The 1990s liberalization program 1990s enabled Bangladesh to rebuilding and achieving economic progress by introducing policy reforms.
Reliance on agriculture and textile exports pose risks such as vulnerability to global market fluctuations, over-dependence on a single industry, and potential adverse effects of climate change.
The principal reasons for the economic stagnation of Bangladesh after its war for independence were a lack of natural resources, poor infrastructure, political instability, high levels of corruption, and natural disasters. The country also faced challenges due to socialist policies, nationalization of companies, and subsidies for agricultural production and basic food products, which failed to deliver anticipated gains.
The liberalization program in the 1990s enabled Bangladesh to start climbing the ladder of economic progress by introducing policy reforms such as the withdrawal of food and agricultural subsidies, privatization of state-owned companies, financial liberalization, and the withdrawal of import restrictions.
Other reforms included making the currency convertible, reducing import duties, and removing controls on the movement of foreign private capital. The main lessons that can be applied to economic development in other nations include the importance of economic liberalization, privatization, and creating a favorable environment for foreign investments.
Bangladesh is dependent on agriculture and textile exports, which pose risks such as vulnerability to global market fluctuations, over-dependence on a single industry, and potential adverse effects of climate change.
To diversify its industrial and commercial base, Bangladesh can invest in other sectors like information technology, pharmaceuticals, and renewable energy. The country can also encourage entrepreneurship and innovation, improve infrastructure, and promote foreign investments in various industries.
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When estimating first-year costs for a startup, which item is commonly calculated as a percentage of revenues?.
When estimating first-year costs for a startup, marketing and advertising expenses are commonly calculated as a percentage of revenues.
This is because marketing and advertising are critical components of a startup's growth strategy and can have a significant impact on the company's ability to attract and retain customers.Typically, startups will allocate a certain percentage of their revenues towards marketing and advertising expenses, with the exact percentage varying depending on the industry, competition, and growth goals of the company.
It is important for startups to carefully consider their marketing and advertising expenses and ensure that they are investing in channels and tactics that are most effective in reaching their target audience and achieving their growth objectives. By properly budgeting for marketing and advertising, startups can maximize their return on investment and set themselves up for success in the long run.
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assume you are offered a lease for a car with $227 monthly payments for 36 months after a $2,540 up front (down) payment. the alternative is that you can buy the car for $31,000 and make a $3,200 down payment with 60 payments at 2.49% interest. at the end of the 36 months you would be able to sell the car for $22,750. assume that at the end of 36 months you will make the decision to give the car up. further, assume the car dealership requires $0.15 per mile over 20,000 on the car. if you expect to drive the car for 22,319 miles, what is the net advantage to leasing?
Assuming offered a lease for a car with $227 monthly payments for 36 months after a $2,540 up front (down) payment. The net advantage to leasing is $558.93.
To calculate the net advantage to leasing, we need to compare the total costs of leasing and buying the car over the 36-month period, including any additional costs such as excess mileage charges.
Lease:
Monthly payments = $227
Upfront payment (down payment) = $2,540
Total lease payments over 36 months = $227 x 36 = $8,172
Excess mileage charge = ($0.15 x 2,319) = $347.85
Total cost of leasing = Upfront payment + Total lease payments + Excess mileage charge
Total cost of leasing = $2,540 + $8,172 + $347.85
Total cost of leasing = $11,059.85
Buy:
Purchase price of the car = $31,000
Down payment = $3,200
Loan amount = $31,000 - $3,200 = $27,800
Monthly payments = 27,800 × (0.0249/12) / (1 - (1 + 0.0249/12)^-60) = $501.47
Total payments over 36 months = $501.47 x 36 = $18,050.92
Resale value of the car after 36 months = $22,750
Total cost of buying = Down payment + Total payments - Resale value of the car
Total cost of buying = $3,200 + $18,050.92 - $22,750
Total cost of buying = $10,500.92
The net advantage to leasing is the difference between the total cost of leasing and the total cost of buying:
Net advantage to leasing = Total cost of leasing - Total cost of buying
Net advantage to leasing = $11,059.85 - $10,500.92
Net advantage to leasing = $558.93
Therefore, the net advantage to leasing the car is $558.93.
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In 2020, Kipp invested $65,000 for a 30% interest in a partnership conducting a passive activity. The partnership reported losses of $200,000 in 2020 and $100,000 in 2021, Kipp's share being $60,000 in 2020 and $30,000 in 2021. How much of the losses from the partnership can Kipp deduct assuming he owns no other investments and does not participate in the partnership's operations?
Based on the information provided, we'll consider Kipp's investment, his partnership interest, the reported losses, and his share of those losses to determine the deduction .
Step 1: Identify Kipp's share of losses
Kipp's share of losses in 2020 is $60,000, and his share of losses in 2021 is $30,000.
Step 2: Determine Kipp's basis in the partnership
Kipp invested $65,000 for a 30% interest in the partnership.
Step 3: Assess passive activity loss limitations
Since Kipp does not participate in the partnership's operations, he is subject to passive activity loss limitations.
Step 4: Calculate deductible losses
In 2020, Kipp's share of the loss is $60,000, which is less than his $65,000 investment. He can deduct the full $60,000 loss in 2020, reducing his basis to $5,000.
In 2021, Kipp's share of the loss is $30,000, but his basis is only $5,000. He can deduct only up to his basis, so he can deduct $5,000 in 2021.
In summary, Kipp can deduct $60,000 in losses in 2020 and $5,000 in losses in 2021, totaling $65,000 in deductible losses. The remaining $25,000 loss from 2021 will be carried forward to future years, subject to passive activity loss limitations and Kipp's basis in the partnership.
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a flow chart shows an aspect of fiscal policy. money goes from the government, to household, and to firms. the diagram shows an aspect of fiscal policy. what aspect of fiscal policy does this diagram show? the way in which a government creates a budget a budget that is severely unbalanced government spending to strengthen the economy ways in which governments spend money
The aspect of fiscal policy does this diagram shows is government spending to strengthen the economy. The right answer is b.
Fiscal policy is the use of public expenditure and taxation to affect the economy, particularly macroeconomic conditions. These include employment, inflation, economic expansion, and the total demand for goods and services. The government may reduce tax rates or boost spending during a recession to boost demand and the economy.
On the other hand, it can increase rates or reduce spending to slow down the economy in order to battle inflation. The government should run significant budget deficits in economic downturns and surpluses during expansions in order to help stabilise the economy.
The correct answer is option b.
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The question seems incomplete. The complete question is:
A flow chart shows an aspect of fiscal policy. Money goes from the government, to household, and to firms. The diagram shows an aspect of fiscal policy. What aspect of fiscal policy does this diagram show?
the way in which a government creates a budget a budget that is severely unbalanced
government spending to strengthen the economy
ways in which governments spend money
What term describes promotion of career and advancement paths for all employees? O Cultural training Inclusive audit O Company policy O Equal opportunity Select the best response to the following questions. The result of a(n) lawsuit can include reinstating those who were wrongly terminated. O operations O cultural dimension O affirmative action O diversity
The term that describes the promotion of career and advancement paths for all employees is Equal opportunity.
Equal opportunity is a term that describes the promotion of career and advancement paths for all employees.
Equal opportunity is a principle of non-discrimination that seeks to guarantee the equality of treatment and the absence of discrimination in any work-related aspect, regardless of the person's age, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, or other protected characteristics.
Equal opportunity policies aim to ensure that all employees and job seekers are given equal consideration and treatment, regardless of their individual differences, in all areas of employment, including recruitment, selection, promotion, training, and development.
Equal opportunity policies can help create a more diverse and inclusive workplace where employees feel valued, respected, and empowered to achieve their full potential. They can also help organizations attract and retain talented employees from diverse backgrounds, which can lead to a more innovative and competitive business.
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Assume a merchandising company provides the following information from its master budget for the month of May:
Cash balance, May 1 $20,000
Cash collections from customers $80,000
Cash disbursements for merchandise purchases $35,000
Cash disbursements for selling and administrative expenses $40,000
If the company wishes to maintain a minimum cash balance of $30,000 at the end of every month, then its borrowings at the beginning of May will equal: _________
The required borrowings at the beginning of May would be $80,000.
To determine the borrowings required at the beginning of May, we need to calculate the ending cash balance for the month of May.
Beginning cash balance on May 1 is $20,000.
Cash collections from customers for the month of May are $80,000.
Cash disbursements for merchandise purchases are $35,000, and cash disbursements for selling and administrative expenses are $40,000.
Therefore, the total cash disbursements for the month of May are $35,000 + $40,000 = $75,000.
The net cash inflow for the month of May is $80,000 - $75,000 = $5,000.
If the company wishes to maintain a minimum cash balance of $30,000 at the end of every month, it means that the ending cash balance for May should be $30,000.
Thus, the required borrowings at the beginning of May will be:
Ending cash balance for May = Beginning cash balance + Net cash inflow - Total cash disbursements
$30,000 = $20,000 + $5,000 - $75,000 + Borrowings
Simplifying the equation, we get:
Borrowings = $30,000 - $20,000 - $5,000 + $75,000
Borrowings = $80,000
Therefore, the required borrowings at the beginning of May will be $80,000.
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To downplay a dependent clause in a complex sentence, you shouldSelect one:A.place it in the middle of the sentence.B.replace it with a noun.C.place it at the beginning of the sentence.D.place it at the end of the sentence.E.set it off with a semicolon.
To downplay a dependent clause in a complex sentence, you should "place it at the end of the sentence" (option c).
When using complex sentences, make sure that dependent clauses don't stand out too much. The entire structure of a complex sentence might be lost if one part takes center stage. Thus, you must downplay a dependent clause in a complex sentence.
Basically, a complex sentence is a sentence that includes at least one independent clause and one dependent clause. An independent clause is a sentence that may stand alone as a complete sentence. On the other hand, a dependent clause is a sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. In simple words, it is dependent on the independent clause to make sense.
Thus, option c is the answer.
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Indigo Corporation had the following activities in 2020. 1. Sale of land $173,000 4. Purchase of equipment $448,000 2. Purchase of inventory $925,000 5. Issuance of common stock $302,000 3. Purchase of treasury stock $68,000 6. Purchase of available-for-sale debt securities $62,000 Compute the amount Indigo should report as net cash provided (used) by investing activities in its 2020 statement of cash flows. (Show amounts that decrease cash flow with either a - sign e. G. -15,000 or in parenthesis e. G. -15,000. )
The net cash provided (used) by investing activities is -$337,000.
To compute the net cash provided (used) by investing activities for Indigo Corporation's 2020 statement of cash flows, we need to consider cash inflows and cash outflows from investing activities.
From the given activities, the following are related to investing activities:
1. Sale of land (cash inflow): $173,000
4. Purchase of equipment (cash outflow): $448,000
6. Purchase of available-for-sale debt securities (cash outflow): $62,000
Now, let's calculate the net cash provided (used) by investing activities:
Cash inflows: $173,000
Cash outflows: $448,000 + $62,000 = $510,000
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities = Cash inflows - Cash outflows = $173,000 - $510,000 = -$337,000
Therefore, Indigo Corporation should report a net cash used by investing activities of -$337,000 in its 2020 statement of cash flows.
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Intangible benefits, such as increased quality or improved safety, should be ignored in capital budgeting decisions.
This statement "Intangible benefits, such as increased quality or improved safety, should be ignored in capital budgeting decisions" is not entirely correct.
Intangible benefits, while difficult to quantify, should not be completely ignored in capital budgeting decisions. These benefits may include increased customer satisfaction, improved employee morale, or enhanced brand image. While they may not have a direct financial impact, they can contribute to the long-term success and profitability of a project or investment.
However, since intangible benefits are difficult to measure and value, they should be carefully considered and evaluated before being incorporated into capital budgeting decisions.
It is important to weigh the potential benefits against the costs and risks of the project or investment, and to use conservative estimates when assessing the value of intangible benefits. In general, tangible financial benefits should carry more weight in capital budgeting decisions, but intangible benefits should not be completely disregarded.
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Identifying and Selecting an Organization and a Product for Studies
For this assignment, you will choose two candidate organizations. The selection must be an intercultural organization doing business in at least one foreign country.
In submission, provide a review and arguments for and against each of the two organizations. At the end of your submission, recommend which one of the two organizations and which one of its products you would like to use for your culture and subculture studies.
The submission must include sections for the discussion of each of the two countries supported by viable current sources. The concluding section should include the corporation of your choice, and it should be supported by your arguments and analysis.
Consider the relevance of the organization and its product to your culture and subculture studies. Criteria for evaluating the organizations: Conduct research on each organization to gather information on their history, mission, values, products/services, marketing strategies, target audience, and cultural sensitivity.
Evaluate each organization based on their cultural sensitivity and responsiveness to the local culture and customs of the foreign country they operate in.Examine the reputation and sustainability of each organization. Criteria for selecting a product: Choose a product that is relevant to your culture and subculture studies. Consider the product's popularity, market demand, and cultural significance. Criteria for evaluating the products: Conduct research on the product to gather information on its history, features, benefits, and target audience. Evaluate the product based on its cultural significance, appropriateness, and effectiveness in meeting the needs of the target audience. Examine the product's branding, packaging, and marketing strategies.Conclusion:Based on your research and analysis, recommend the organization and product that best aligns with your culture and subculture studies.
Provide arguments and evidence to support your recommendation, and address any potential limitations or challenges that may arise in your study. Be sure to cite your sources and follow any formatting guidelines provided by your instructor.
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For this assignment, I will review two candidate organizations, an intercultural organization doing business in at least one foreign country. The first organization is Nike and the second organization is Nestlé.
The Argument For Nike:Arguments for: Nike is an American multinational corporation that designs, develops, and sells footwear, apparel, and equipment. Nike is a well-known brand that has a global reach and a strong presence in many countries, including emerging markets. The company has a reputation for innovation, design, and marketing.Arguments for: Nestlé is a Swiss multinational food and drink processing conglomerate corporation. Nestlé is a leading company in the food and beverage industry, with a wide range of products that are popular globally. The company has a strong presence in emerging markets and has a reputation for quality and safety.
Based on the arguments for and against each organization, I recommend choosing Nike for the culture and subculture studies, particularly for its footwear product line. While Nike has faced criticism for its labor practices in the past, the company has taken steps to address these issues and has a strong reputation for innovation and marketing.
Additionally, the footwear industry is particularly interesting for cultural studies, as footwear can be a significant aspect of cultural identity and expression.
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In target pricing, ______. Multiple choice question. Management charges different prices to maximize revenue for a set amount of capacity at any given time. Management marks up all products in a similar fashion since it is impossible to estimate demand for each. Manufacturers deliberately adjust the composition of a product to achieve the estimated price that consumers are willing to pay for it. Management offers a line of products at a number of different specific pricing points
In target pricing, manufacturers deliberately adjust the composition of a product to achieve the estimated price that consumers are willing to pay for it. This pricing strategy involves determining the selling price of a product based on the costs incurred in manufacturing, marketing, and distribution, as well as the profit margins desired by the manufacturer.
Target pricing involves analyzing the market demand for a product and understanding the consumer's willingness to pay for it. The manufacturer then sets the target price and works backwards to determine the maximum cost that can be incurred to produce the product. This approach helps manufacturers optimize profitability while remaining competitive in the market.
Target pricing also allows manufacturers to offer a line of products at a number of different specific pricing points. This approach is particularly useful for companies that want to appeal to a wide range of consumers with different budgets and preferences. By offering products at different price points, manufacturers can increase their market share and capture a larger share of the consumer base.
Overall, target pricing is an effective strategy for manufacturers who want to optimize their profitability while remaining competitive in the market. By understanding consumer demand and setting prices accordingly, manufacturers can appeal to a wide range of consumers while still achieving their desired profit margins.
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Assume Tamarisk, Inc. has the following reported amounts: Sales revenue $1,509,600, Sales returns and allowances $44,400, Cost of goods sold $976,800, and Operating expenses $325,600.
(a) Compute net sales.
(b) Compute gross profit.
(c) Compute income from operations.
(d) Compute the gross profit rate. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, e.g. 25.2%.)
(a) Net sales can be calculated by subtracting sales returns and allowances from sales revenue.
Net sales = Sales revenue - Sales returns and allowances
Net sales = $1,509,600 - $44,400
Net sales = $1,465,200
(b) Gross profit can be calculated by subtracting cost of goods sold from net sales.
Gross profit = Net sales - Cost of goods sold
Gross profit = $1,465,200 - $976,800
Gross profit = $488,400
(c) Income from operations can be calculated by subtracting operating expenses from gross profit.
Income from operations = Gross profit - Operating expenses
Income from operations = $488,400 - $325,600
Income from operations = $162,800
(d) Gross profit rate can be calculated by dividing gross profit by net sales and multiplying by 100.
Gross profit rate = (Gross profit / Net sales) x 100
Gross profit rate = ($488,400 / $1,465,200) x 100
Gross profit rate = 33.3% (rounded to 1 decimal place)
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An arrangement whereby borrowings are permitted up to a specified limit and for a stated period is known as:
An arrangement whereby borrowings are permitted up to a specified limit and for a stated period is known as "line of credit."
The arrangement you are referring to is called a "line of credit." A line of credit is a type of loan agreement between a borrower and a lender that permits the borrower to borrow up to a specified limit of funds for a specified period, typically at a variable interest rate.
The borrower can draw down on the line of credit as needed, up to the maximum limit, and only pays interest on the amount borrowed.
This type of arrangement is commonly used for short-term working capital needs or to finance specific projects.
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Using process capability studies, processes may be classified asbeing in statistical control and capable. Explain the basis andmeaning of this classication.
Process Capability Study is a tool used by businesses to evaluate the ability of their processes to meet customer requirements. By using process capability studies, processes may be classified as being in statistical control and capable
Statistical process control (SPC) tools are used to determine whether or not a process is in statistical control. If a process is in statistical control, it indicates that it is stable and that any variation in the output is due to common causes. If a process is out of control, it indicates that special causes are present and that the process needs to be improved. A process that is in statistical control and capable indicates that it is predictable and that it is meeting customer requirements within acceptable limits.
In other words, a process that is in control is one that is not generating an excessive amount of waste or producing a large number of defects. Instead, it is producing output that is consistent and within customer specifications. This is an essential component of quality control, as it ensures that businesses are delivering products and services that meet customer needs and expectations.
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a. casting doubt on scientific consensus b. using a neutral or non-partisan sounding name c. claiming regulations will lead to economic problems d. promoting individual action as a solution to environmental problems e. claiming environmentalists are extremists
Casting doubt on scientific consensus is a common tactic used to undermine environmental policies and messages. Option (1)
One common tactic used to undermine environmental policies and messages is casting doubt on scientific consensus. This tactic involves questioning the validity of scientific research and data related to environmental issues, which can create confusion and uncertainty among the public.
Another tactic is using a neutral or non-partisan sounding name, which can be misleading and give the impression of impartiality. Claiming that regulations will lead to economic problems is another tactic used to discourage support for environmental policies.
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Full Question: Which of the following is a common tactic used to undermine environmental policies and messages?
a. Casting doubt on scientific consensus
b. Using a neutral or non-partisan sounding name
c. Claiming regulations will lead to economic problems
d. Promoting individual action as a solution to environmental problems
e. Claiming environmentalists are extremists
Ivan contributed the following amounts to a spousal RRSP, for which his wife Natalie is the annuitant: $4,000 in 2018; $4,500 in 2019; and $5,000 in 2020. In December 2021, Natalie withdraws $15,000 from her spousal RRSP. Calculate the tax consequences to each that Natalie’s withdrawal from the RRSP will cause.
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Supercar Corporation issues smartphones to some employees. The value of each smartphone is $500. About 250 smartphones have been issued. In the past two years, the company has lost 24 smartphones due to breakage. Supercar can purchase an insurance policy for each phone that costs $4 a month per phone. If the phone is damaged beyond repair, the insurance company will replace the entire phone. Does it make sense for Supercar to buy insurance for each phone at this price
Based on the provided information, it does not make sense for Supercar Corporation to buy insurance for each phone at this price. since the expected cost of replacing 12 phones without insurance is lower than the cost of insurance for all phones.
How do we find out the expected cost of replacing 12 phones without insurance?We shall first calculate the total value of all the smartphones issued by Supercar Corporation:
Total value of smartphones = $500 x 250 = $125,000
Next, we calculate the cost of insurance for each phone:
Insurance cost per phone per month = $4
Insurance cost per phone per year = $4 x 12 = $48
Total insurance cost for all phones per year = $48 x 250 = $12,000
According to the given information, since the past two years, the company has lost 24 smartphones due to damages.
Let's assume that the probability of a phone being lost due to breakage is the same for all phones, we can calculate the expected number of phones that will be lost in a year:
Expected number of phones lost per year = 24 / 2 = 12
Now, we need to compare the expected cost of replacing 12 phones without insurance to the cost of paying for insurance for all 250 phones:
Expected cost of replacing 12 phones without insurance = 12 x $500 = $6,000
Cost of insurance for all phones per year = $12,000
Since the expected cost of replacing 12 phones without insurance is lower than the cost of insurance for all phones, it does not make sense for Supercar Corporation to buy insurance for each phone at the price.
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