what are the functions of the kidney

Answers

Answer 1
Basic Functions
The kidneys are essential for homeostasis (maintaining a constant internal environment) of the body's extracellular fluids. Their basic functions include:
1. Regulation of extracellular fluid volume. The kidneys work to ensure an adequate quantity of plasma to keep blood flowing to vital organs.

2. Regulation of osmolarity. The kidneys help keep extracellular fluid from becoming too dilute or concentrated with respect to the solutes carried in the fluid.

3. Regulation of ion concentrations. The kidneys are responsible for maintaining relatively constant levels of key ions including sodium, potassium and calcium.

4. Regulation of pH. The kidneys prevent blood plasma from becoming too acidic or basic by regulating ions.

5. Excretion of wastes and toxins. The kidneys filter out a variety of water-soluble waste products and environmental toxins into the urine for excretion.

6. Production of hormones. The kidneys produce erthryopoietin, which stimulates red blood cell synthesis, and renin, which helps control salt and water balance and blood pressure. They are also involved in regulating plasma calcium and glucose levels.


Related Questions

Compare and contrast the immune system and nervous systems

Answers

similarities:

The immune system and the nervous system maintain extensive communication, including 'hardwiring' of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to lymphoid organs. Neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and histamine modulate immune activity.

What happens to air as it is moved into the body?
*it's D

Answers

Answer:

all of the above

Explanation:

Answer:When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs and oxygen from the air moves from your lungs to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathe out). This process is called gas exchange and is essential to life.

Explanation:

brainliest pls

What determines how chromosomes line up during meiosis?

Answers

The spindle fibers will move the chromosomes until they are lined up at the spindle equator. Metaphase: During metaphase, each of the 46 chromosomes line up along the center of the cell at the metaphase plate. Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate

ecosystem with same climate and similar communities

Answers

Answer:

A biome is a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities

Which cell structures work together to form a pseudopod?
A. cell wall and nucleus
B. eyespot and chloroplast
C. cytoplasm and plasma membrane
D. contractile vacuole and mitochondria

Answers

cytoplasm and plasma membrane

Pseudopodia are formed by some cells of higher animals (e.g., white blood corpuscles) and by amoebas. During amoeboid feeding, pseudopodia either flow around and engulf prey or trap it in a fine, sticky mesh.

The answer is C. cytoplasm and plasma membrane.

What do Pulmonary veins carry?

Answers

Answer:

Pulmonary veins: The veins do the opposite job of pulmonary arteries and collects the oxygenated blood and carry it from the lungs back to the heart. The veins merge into larger veins. Each lung has two pulmonary veins that deliver blood to the heart's top left chamber or atrium.

Explanation:

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if blood calcium levels drop below 8.5 mg/dl which hormone is likely to be activated?

Answers

Answer:

Hello!!

If blood calcium levels drop below 8.5 mg/dl... receptors in the parathyroid gland release parathyroid hormone.

Hope this helps!!

What does the atomic number tell you about the element?
O number of protons
number of electrons
O number of neutrons
O total number of neutrons and protons

Answers

Answer:

These two numbers are fixed for an element. The mass number tells us the number (the sum of nucleons) of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number (also known as the proton number) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom. It is traditionally represented by the symbol Z.

Explanation:

(D) O total number of neutrons and protons

Animal cells contain what structures

Answers

Answer:

Animal cells are typical of the eukaryotic cell, enclosed by a plasma membrane and containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Unlike the eukaryotic cells of plants and fungi, animal cells do not have a cell wall.

Explanation:

Answer:Animal cells are typical of the eukaryotic cell, enclosed by a plasma membrane and containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Unlike the eukaryotic cells of plants and fungi, animal cells do not have a cell wall.

Explanation:

what is the effect of water temperature on corals from inshore and offshore reefs?

Answers

Answer:

When the water gets too warm, the algae can no longer live inside corals, so they leave. The corals then turn from green to white, called coral bleaching. Climate change has been causing the Earth's air and oceans to get warmer. With warmer oceans, coral bleaching is becoming more widespread.

Explanation:

When the water temperature rises too high, algae can no longer live inside corals and leave. Coral bleaching occurs when the corals turn from green to white.

What are coral reefs?

A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by corals that build reefs. Reefs are made up of coral polyp territories hosted along by calcium carbonate.

The vast bulk of coral reefs are mainly composed of stony corals, which have polyps that coalesce together.

Coral reefs grow in shallow water with temperatures ranging from 68° F to 97° F. The Indo-West Pacific biogeographic region contains more than 90% of the world's coral reefs.

When the temperature of the water rises too high, algae can no longer live inside corals and must leave. Coral bleaching occurs when corals alter color from green to white.

The Earth's air and oceans are becoming warmer as a result of climate change. Coral bleaching is becoming more common as the oceans warm.

Thus, this is the effect of water temperature on corals from inshore and offshore reefs.

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the nucleus acid (blank) copies DNA so (blank) can be made

Answers

Answer:

RNA, Protein

Explanation:

The cell uses RNA as a messenger to carry the instructions to make proteins.

The lens of the eye is held in place by the ___

Answers

Answer:

The lens of the eye is held in place by the iris

Explanation:

hope it helps you

Answer:

Ciliary Muscles

Explanation:

The muscles hold the lens in place but they also play an important role in vision. When the muscles relax, they pull on and flatten the lens, allowing the eye to see objects that are far away.

Complete the blanks in the following paragraph using the appropriate words from the list:

anterior, bilateral, inferior, lateral, medial, posterior, superior

Dominic's friends thought they were really funny when they dropped a water balloon on his head! The water drenched the (1) ___ portion of his head and then ran down the (2) ___ portion of his body, getting the front of his shirt all wet. He and his younger brother decided to get back at his friends by sneaking up on them with their water guns. They tiptoed up behind C.J., soaking his back and the entire (3)___ of his body. Next, they snuck up on Tony. Dominic sprayed down the middle, (4)___ part of Tony's body while his brother sprayed the arms and other (5) ___ portions. Good thing it was a hot day because everyone was soaked by the end of the game!

Answers

Answer:

1 Superior

2 Anterior

3 Posterior

4 Medial

5 Bilateral

where are the motor proteins that move chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle located?

Answers

Answer:

They are at or near the ends of the microtubules. I hope this helps you! :D

Microtubules near the cell plate are the motor proteins that move chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle located.

What are motor protein?

Motor protein are defined as a group of molecules with the ability to travel across the cytoplasm of animal cells. Molecular motors called motor proteins move along the cytoskeletal filaments of the cell by hydrolyzing ATP. They provide a variety of tasks for biological systems, such as facilitating intracellular trafficking along biopolymer filament tracks and regulating filament sliding during muscle contraction.

Microtubules are defined as the cytoskeleton is made up of tubular-structured polymers, which are present throughout the cytoplasm. Microtubules play a variety of roles in dividing cells, including the construction of the mitotic spindle and axon extension in neurons.

Thus, microtubules near the cell plate are the motor proteins that move chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle located.

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A bar graph and a pie graph are the same thing.

A. True
or
B. False​

Answers

Falseee !!! I'm suree
B. False
Pie charts show how much each category represents as a proportion of the whole and Bar graphs use a series of rectangular bars to show absolute values or proportions for each of the categories




what’s the correct answer?



bio


Answers

“It is a type of homogeneous mixture.” is false.

Answer:

It is a type of homogenous mixture.

Explanation:

I do not understand this. It is about "Membrane Transport".

Answers

Osmosis is taking place?

how is anaerobic fermentation similar to aerobic respiration

Answers

Answer:

Anaerobic respiration begins the same way as aerobic respiration and fermentation.

Explanation:

However, instead of ending with glycolysis, as fermentation does, anaerobic respiration creates pyruvate and then continues on the same path as aerobic respiration.

Photosynthesis requires light, water, carbon dioxide, and light absorbing
______.

Answers

Answer:

To perform photosynthesis, plants need three things: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. By taking in water (H2O) through the roots, carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air, and light energy from the Sun, plants can perform photosynthesis to make glucose (sugars) and oxygen (O2).

Explanation:

I didt really understand your question.

Answer:

chlorophyll

Explanation:

During light reaction, the chlorophyll entraps light and the solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP molecules.

PLEASE HELP I KNOW THIS IS A LOT TO DO BUT IM GIVING ALL MY POINTS!!!

Design your own experiment to test how your body changes during exercise. You may develop this new experiment to test the changes in heart rate, breathing rate, or any other parameter occurring during exercise.

First, formulate a question to answer through scientific investigation. Keep in mind that you should be able to answer your question with measurable data. Write your question here.

Write your plan for the experiment. Note the dependent and independent variables. To ensure that your results test only the dependent variable, consider how you will control outside factors.

Write down your prediction about the result of the experiment.

Carry out your experiment and record your readings in the form of a table.

Based on the results shown in the graph, write a conclusion paragraph that answers the following questions:

Did you accurately predict the results?
What can you conclude from the results?
Can you relate your results to the body’s regulation of homeostasis?
Were there any limitations on your experiment?
How could you improve the accuracy of your experiment if time, access to resources, and cost were not issues?

Answers

Answer:

1. Check your pulse before doing the stair master. Do 2 minute intervals on the stair master then check your heart rate again. What is the difference between your heart rate before and your heart rate now?

2. Going up the stairs for 2 minutes and looking at heart rate differences is the expierement. This should last about 10 minutes. An oximeter needs to be used for best results on the heart rate. The excercise should be as consistant as it can be.

3. Your heart rate should keep increasing until you reach your max heart rate

4.  2: 72

    4: 78

    6: 82

    8: 100

    10: 118

5. just copy numbers into graph

6. My predictions were pretty accurate. Your heart rate should gradually rise until you hit your max heart rate. The body needs more oxygen to maintain homeostasis which leads to increased heart rate. I didn't track how fast we were going every 2 minutes (I didn't stay at the same speed as I did in the beginning). Not changing the speed as time goes on and monitering the speed. 

Explanation:

This is all in my own words but you can still rephrase on quillbot. Happy cheating :)

Stars are composed primarily of which elements?

Answers

Answer:

hydrogen and helium

Explanation:

Stars are made of very hot gas. This gas is mostly hydrogen and helium, which are the two lightest elements. Stars shine by burning hydrogen into helium in their cores, and later in their lives create heavier elements

How do you remove a filter in Excel?
O Clear Filter
O De-Filter
O Cancel Filter
O Halt Filter

Answers

Answer:

the answer is cancle filter

Most of the reactions by which energy from carbohydrates is released for use by the cell take place within the?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The cellular process of releasing energy from food through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions is called respiration . Some of the energy released is used to produce ATP. Some of the energy released is lost as heat.

The release of energy from carbohydrates takes place within the

mitochondria.

The mitochondria is an organelle found within cells and it is regarded as

the power house of the cell. This is because energy is generated in it which

gives the cells power to perform its daily activities.

Energy generated from carbohydrate is usually in the form of ATP and it

involves series of reactions such as glycolysis, kreb cycle etc to ensure

adequate energy yield.

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Why did Ibrahim conclude that the dorsal spines were not used to support a hump or to regulate body
temperature?

Answers

Chemical composition of dorsal spines provides information about its function as regulation of body temperature.

The dorsal spines were not used to support a hump or to regulate body  temperature because of the chemical composition of the spines. Ibrahim found that the spines were made up of bones having few blood vessels and were likely wrapped tightly in skin which can't perform the function of thermoregulation in the body.

In order to regulate temperature of the body, more blood vessels are needed and we know that in dorsal spines the structure is bony and less number of blood vessels so we can conclude that chemical composition of dorsal spines provides information about its function as regulation of body temperature.

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Which statement best describes the germ theory of disease?
A -Diseases are caused by bad-smelling poisonous vapors that contain decaying matter.
B - Diseases are created or generated spontaneously within the body.
C - Diseases can be isolated and grown in cultures.
D - Diseases are caused by the presence and action of specific microorganisms.

Answers

Answer:

D. Diseases are caused by the presence and action of specific microorganisms.

Explanation:

what cells release histamine during allergic responses

Answers

Answer:

Histamine is a substance that is released by the body during an allergic reaction. Mast cells, which are a type of white blood cell, release the histamine, and this triggers a process which is most commonly referred to as the “inflammatory immune reaction”.

Explanation:

Antihistamine solutions can reduce allergies. I am allergic to mosquito bites.

The cells release histamine during allergic responses are the mast cells.

What types of cells are involved in allergy?

Eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils all have been first diagnosed and defined with the aid of using Paul Ehrlich withinside the past due nineteenth century. Since then, it has end up clean that those 3 cells kinds have an awful lot extra in not unusualplace than their popularity with the aid of using the equal scientist.

Mast cells are multifunctional bone marrow-derived tissue-residing cells which might be the principal manufacturer of histamine withinside the frame. H1R are expressed in lots of cells, along with mast cells, and are concerned in Type 1 hypersensitive reaction reactions.

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action potentials are conducted from the baroreceptors to the brain via which nerve?

Answers

Answer:

Action potentials are conducted from the baroreceptors to the brain via... the vagus nerve.

Explanation:

Hope this helps.

what is the material salad spinner​

Answers

Answer: its made of plastic

Explanation:

Answer:

salad spinners are usually made from plastic

1. How can studying compounds in plants and animals benefit people? Give an example of how a compound found in a plant has been used to benefit humans.

2. What is meant when describing water as a polar compound?

Please answer what the question is asking exactly many points will be given.

Answers

Answer:

It is beneficial to study plant and animal compounds for a multitude of reasons such as Sanitation, Bacterial fighting, and many more. An example of a plant compound that has benefited humanity would be penicillin which is derived from plants, it is considered the first true antibiotic.

Explanation:

Before 1928, humanity had conquered most of its enemies and people were only limited in lifespan by internal mechanisms being disrupted or failing, such as cancer, genetic errors,viruses, and BACTERIA. But in 1928 by accident a scientist discovered penicillin and finally deaths by bacteria were dropping to the point where in the past a mere cut could mean death by bacterial infection when compared to the present, humanity now doesn’t even consider bacterial infection, and that is all due to the power of penicillin and other antibiotics.

Water is a polar compound because there is a positive hydrogen end and a negative oxygen end, this is caused by an uneven electron distribution

How would life on Earth be affected if water was less dense than ice?

Answers

Answer:

freeze and sink over and over until the entire lake was frozen.

Explanation:

This would eliminate many aquatic organisms and produce a system with far fewer life forms in lakes which freeze periodically.

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