In a DC motor, the part that reverses the direction of current through the coil every half cycle is the commutator. The commutator is a cylindrical structure mounted on the rotor shaft and consists of multiple metal segments separated by insulating material. The segments are connected to the ends of the coils, which are wound on the rotor.
As the rotor turns, the brushes (which are in contact with the commutator) transfer current to the coils through the commutator segments. The current direction in the coil is determined by the orientation of the coil relative to the magnetic field of the stator. When the coil is in one half of its rotation, the current flows in one direction, and when it is in the other half, the current flows in the opposite direction. The commutator reverses the direction of the current through the coil every half cycle to maintain the direction of the torque produced by the motor.
Read more about commutator on
https://brainly.com/question/12060052
velocity, and acceleration velocity refers to an object’s4.________
Answer: I'm not entirely sure this is what you meant, but...
Velocity refers to an object's speed and acceleration.
Hi,I'm looking for a physics student to communicate with help
Answer:
hi, I am an IGCSE student and i know pretty well about physics, may I help you with any question?
Explanation:
An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal (constant-temperature) compression at temperature T, with its volume changing from V1 to V2. (i) Prove that the work done during this process is given by an expression =12. (5) (ii) Is the work done positive or negative? Give reasons.
The effort required to compress an ideal gas is therefore given by W = -1/2 nRT ln(V2/V1) during an isothermal process.
What labour is involved in an ideal gas's isothermal expansion and compression?When an ideal gas is subjected to isothermal expansion (T = 0) in a vacuum, the work done is equal to zero as pex=zero. Joule established q = 0 empirically; hence, U = 0. Equation 1 can be written as: for both reversible and irreversible isothermal changes. Reversible isothermal change q = -w = pex (Vf-Vi)
nRT = ln(V2/V1) - W
If we solve for W, we obtain:
W = ln(V1/V2)nRT (v) If we condense this phrase, we get:
W=-nRT ln(V2/V1).
W=-RT ln(V2/V1).
W=-1/2nRT ln(V2/V1)
To know more about ideal gas visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/28257995
#SPJ1
Scientists monitor the ozone layer by taking air samples by airplane or weather balloons. What atmospheric layer do the scientists collect the ozone samples from?
Scientists typically collect ozone samples from the stratosphere, which is the atmospheric layer located between about 10 and 50 kilometers (6 to 30 miles) above the Earth's surface.
What is the stratosphere?The stratosphere is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It extends from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) to about 50 kilometers (30 miles) above the Earth's surface.
The stratosphere is characterized by a gradual increase in temperature with altitude, due to the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone in the stratosphere.
This is where most of the Earth's ozone is found and where the ozone layer is located. The ozone layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth from its harmful effects. Scientists collect air samples from this layer using airplanes or weather balloons equipped with specialized instruments.
Learn about the stratosphere here https://brainly.com/question/28097222
#SPJ1
HELP NEEDED!!!!!!! [ Reward for answering *Brianliest* ]
Answer:
Amps are units of current.
Volts are units of voltage.
Ohms are units of resistance.
Explanation:
You're welcome.
A 500 g air-track glider collides with a spring at one end of the track. The figures show the glider's velocity and the force exerted on the glider by the spring. (Figure 1), (Figure 2) How long is the glider in contact with the spring? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
We can find the time for which the glider is in contact with the spring by using the impulse-momentum theorem:
Impulse = Change in momentum
The impulse of the force exerted by the spring is given by the area under the force-time graph, which is a triangle:
Impulse = (1/2) * (1 N) * (0.02 s) = 0.01 Ns
The initial momentum of the glider is:
p1 = m * v1 = (0.5 kg) * (0.3 m/s) = 0.15 kg m/s
The final momentum of the glider is zero, since it comes to rest:
p2 = 0 kg m/s
Therefore, the change in momentum is:
Δp = p2 - p1 = -0.15 kg m/s
Setting the impulse equal to the change in momentum and solving for the time gives:
Impulse = Change in momentum
0.01 Ns = Δp = p2 - p1
0.01 Ns = 0 - 0.15 kg m/s
0.01 Ns = -0.15 kg m/s
t = Δp / Impulse = (-0.15 kg m/s) / (0.01 Ns) ≈ -15 s
The negative value for time doesn't make sense physically, so we need to check our work. Looking at the force-time graph, we see that the force is actually zero for most of the time, and only becomes non-zero when the glider is in contact with the spring. Therefore, we need to find the time for which the force is non-zero.
The force is non-zero for a duration of 0.01 s, so this is the contact time:
t = 0.01 s
Therefore, the glider is in contact with the spring for 0.01 seconds.
here's the answer. I'm not too sure about it, but good luck
The time for which the glider is in contact with the spring is approximately 0.17 s.
Momentum is a physical quantity that describes the motion of an object. It is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity. Mathematically, momentum can be expressed as:
p = mv
where p is momentum, m is the mass of the object, and v is the velocity of the object.
Impulse is the change in momentum of an object that results from the application of a force over a certain period of time. Impulse is equal to the product of force and the time interval over which the force acts. Mathematically, impulse can be expressed as:
J = FΔt
where J is the impulse, F is the force applied to the object, and Δt is the time interval over which the force acts.
The relationship between impulse and momentum is given by the impulse-momentum theorem, which states that the impulse applied to an object is equal to the change in momentum of the object. Mathematically, the impulse-momentum theorem can be expressed as:
J = Δp
where J is the impulse, and Δp is the change in momentum of the object. This theorem is useful in analyzing collisions and other situations where forces act on objects for a finite period of time.
Here in the Question,
To find the time for which the glider is in contact with the spring, we need to use the impulse-momentum theorem, which relates the impulse (change in momentum) of an object to the force applied to it and the time over which the force is applied:
impulse = force x time = change in momentum
The momentum of the glider before it collides with the spring is:
p1 = m1v1 = (0.500 kg)(0.750 m/s) = 0.375 kg·m/s
The momentum of the glider after it rebounds from the spring is:
p2 = m2v2
We can find v2 from the velocity-time graph in Figure 1. At the moment of maximum compression, the velocity of the glider is zero, so we need to find the time at which this occurs. From the graph, we can see that this occurs at about t = 0.02 s. Therefore, the velocity of the glider after rebounding from the spring is:
v2 = -0.750 m/s
(Note that the negative sign indicates that the glider is moving in the opposite direction after rebounding.)
The change in momentum of the glider is:
Δp = p2 - p1 = m2v2 - m1v1 = (0.500 kg)(-0.750 m/s) - (0.500 kg)(0.750 m/s) = -0.750 kg·m/s
The impulse applied to the glider by the spring is equal in magnitude to the change in momentum:
impulse = Δp = -0.750 kg·m/s
We can find the time for which the force is applied by rearranging the impulse-momentum theorem:
time = impulse/force
We can find the force from the force-time graph in Figure 2. The force at the maximum compression is approximately 4.5 N. Therefore, the time for which the glider is in contact with the spring is:
time = impulse / force = (-0.750 kg·m/s) / (4.5 N) ≈ 0.167 s ≈0.17 s
Therefore, Rounding to two significant figures and including the appropriate units, the time for which the glider is in contact with the spring is approximately 0.17 s.
To learn about momentum equation click:
https://brainly.com/question/30101966
#SPJ2
PLEAS HELP ME WITH THIS WORKSHEET PLEASEEEEE!!!!!
Explosion
1) Two swimmers are floating on a raft that is motionless. One swimmer has a mass of 50 kg and
the other at 80 kg. They both push off the raft at the same time. The 80 kg swimmer moves
away at 3 m/s. What velocity does the 50 kg swimmer move away with?
M1 = 50 kg v1' =____ M2 = 80 kg v2' = 3 m/s
Equation: 0= m1 (v1') + m2 (v2')
Elastic
2) Two hockey players are skating towards each other. A 90 kg player traveling at 6 m/s
rams into a 60 kg player moving at 2 m/s. After the collision, the 90 kg player slows to 4
m/s but is still traveling in the same direction. What is the velocity of the 60 kg player?
Equation: m1 (v1) + m2 (v2) = m1 (v1') + m2 (v2')
v2 = -2 m/s
M1 = 90 kg
v1 = 6 m/s M2 = 60 kg
V1' = 4 m/s
v2' =___
We can use the conservation of momentum to solve both problems:
Conservation of momentum:
0 = m1(v1') + m2(v2')
where m1 = 50 kg, v2' = 3 m/s, and m2 = 80 kg. We can solve for v1' to get:
v1' = -(m2/m1) v2'
v1' = -(80 kg/50 kg) (3 m/s) = -4.8 m/s
Therefore, the 50 kg swimmer moves away from the raft with a velocity of -4.8 m/s.
Conservation of momentum:
m1(v1) + m2(v2) = m1(v1') + m2(v2')
where m1 = 90 kg, v1 = 6 m/s, m2 = 60 kg, and v1' = 4 m/s. We can solve for v2 to get:
v2 = (m1v1 + m2v2 - m1v1') / m2
v2 = (90 kg)(6 m/s) + (60 kg)(2 m/s) - (90 kg)(4 m/s) / 60 kg
v2 = -1 m/s
Therefore, the velocity of the 60 kg player after the collision is -1 m/s, which means they are moving in the opposite direction to the 90 kg player.
A double-convex thin lens has surfaces with equal radii of curvature of magnitude 3.00 cm. Looking through this lens, you observe that it forms an image of a very distant tree at a distance of 1.98 cm from the lens. What is the index of refraction of the lens?
n = 1.50. In this case, the index of refraction is 1.50, which demonstrates that the lens is able to refract light in order to form an image.
Given ParametersRadii of curvature (r1, r2): 3.00 cm Distance of image (d): 1.98 cmLet us calculate the focal length of the lens:
F = 1/[(1/r1)+(1/r2)]
F = 1/[(1/3.00 cm)+(1/3.00 cm)]
F = 1.50 cm
Calculate the index of refraction:
n = 1/(1/f - 1/d)
n = 1/(1/1.50 cm - 1/1.98 cm)
n = 1.50
Both of these surfaces cause light rays to bend and converge at a focal point on the other side of the lens. The index of refraction of the lens can be calculated by using the equation n = 1/(1/f - 1/d), where f is the focal length and d is the distance of the image.
Learn more about lenses here:
https://brainly.com/question/26550490
#SPJ1
Hanif is the tallest player in a volleyball team. He is in spiking position when Johan delivers him the ball. The 0.226-kg volleyball is 2.29 m above the ground and has a speed of 1.06 m/s. Hanif spikes the ball, doing 9.89 J of work on it. (a) Determine the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the ball before Hanif spikes it. (b) The total mechanical energy of the ball before Hanif spikes it.
(a)
Potential Energy = 4.95 J
Kinetic Energy =0.132 J
b.) the total mechanical energy of the ball before Hanif spikes it is 5.08 J.
How to calculate?Potential energy (PE) = mgh
Kinetic energy (KE) = (1/2)mv^2
m = 0.226 kg
h = 2.29 m
v = 1.06 m/s
g = 9.81 m/s^2 (acceleration due to gravity)
PE = mgh = (0.226 kg)(9.81 m/s^2)(2.29 m) = 4.95 J
KE = (1/2)mv^2 = (1/2)(0.226 kg)(1.06 m/s)^2 = 0.132 J
(b) The total mechanical energy of the ball before Hanif spikes it is the sum of its potential and kinetic energy:
Total mechanical energy = PE + KE = 4.95 J + 0.132 J = 5.08 J
Learn more about kinetic energy at: https://brainly.com/question/8101588
#SPJ1
When an object slows down, it has a? 8.______
When an object slows down, it has a negative acceleration, also known as deceleration.
What is deceleration of an object?Deceleration is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude (the amount of change in velocity per unit time) and direction (opposite to the direction of motion).
Thus, the rate of deceleration is often measured in terms of the object's acceleration, which is expressed in meters per second squared (m/s^2) or other appropriate units. When an object slows down, its acceleration is negative, meaning it is directed opposite to its initial motion. The greater the negative acceleration, the faster the object slows down.
Learn more about negative acceleration here: https://brainly.com/question/29633772
#SPJ1
A small glass ball is rubbed with a piece of silk, giving the ball a charge of 1.0 x 10^-8 C. Determine the magnitude of the force due to the Earth's magnetic field if the ball is thrown to the west with a velocity 8.0 m/s . The earth's magnetic field is 5.0 x 10^-5 T
The magnitude of the force due to the electric field on the charged glass ball is 2.4 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] N, and the Earth's magnetic field is not relevant in this scenario.
What is Magnetic Field?
A magnetic field is a field created by a magnet, moving electric charge, or changing electric field. A magnetic field can also be created by a loop of electric current. A magnetic field is a vector field, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
The Earth's magnetic field is not relevant for the interaction between the charged glass ball and the Earth's gravitational field. Instead, we need to calculate the force due to the electric field generated by the charge on the ball.
We can use the formula for the electric force on a charged particle:
F = qE
where F is the force on the charge q, and E is the electric field at the location of the charge.
In this case, the charge on the ball is q = 1.0 x 10^-8 C, and the velocity of the ball is directed to the west, so the direction of the force should be to the north or south.
Assuming the electric field due to the charge on the ball is uniform and perpendicular to the velocity of the ball, we can use the formula for the electric field due to a point charge:
E = k*q / [tex]r^{2}[/tex]
where k is Coulomb's constant (9 x 10^9 N·[tex]m^{2}[/tex]/[tex]C^{2}[/tex]), q is the charge on the ball, and r is the distance from the charge to the point where we want to calculate the electric field.
If we assume that the ball is moving at a constant height above the Earth's surface, then the distance r is constant and we can use the above equation to find the electric field E.
E = k*q / [tex]r^{2}[/tex] = (9 x 10^9 N·[tex]m^{2}[/tex] /[tex]C^{2}[/tex]) * (1.0 x 10^-8 C) /[tex]r^{2}[/tex]
We don't know the distance r, but we do know that the electric force on the ball due to this field must be equal to the force required to cause the ball to move in a circular path, as it is in this case. The force required to maintain a circular motion of radius r with speed v is
where m is the mass of the ball. This force must be equal to the electric force on the ball:
F = qE
We can equate these two expressions to solve for the distance r
Plugging in the given values, we get:
r = 1.78 x [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] m
So the ball is moving in a circular path with radius r = 1.78 x [tex]10^{-3}[/tex]m, and the electric field at the location of the ball is:
E = 2.4 x [tex]10^{3}[/tex] N/C
Finally, we can calculate the force on the charged ball due to this electric field:
F = qE = (1.0 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] C) * (2.4 x [tex]10^{3}[/tex] N/C)
F = 2.4 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex]N
Learn more about Magnetic Field from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/14411049
#SPJ1
a spanner is dropped from a sixth floor window and take 2.2s to hit the ground. A)calculate the height from wich it was drop.b)its impact velocity
a) The spanner was dropped from a height of 24.2 meters. b)The impact velocity of the spanner is 21.6 meters per second.
What exactly are velocity and example?Simply put, velocity is the rate at which something travels in a specific direction.
We can use the equations of motion to solve this problem.
a) To calculate the height from which the spanner was dropped, we can use the equation:
[tex]h = (1/2)gt^2[/tex]
where h is the height, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and t is the time taken to fall.
Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]h = (1/2) \times 9.81 m/s^2 \times (2.2 s)^2 \\= 24.2 meters[/tex]
Therefore, the spanner was dropped from a height of 24.2 meters.
b) To calculate the impact velocity of the spanner, we can use the equation:
v = gt
where v is the final velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and t is the time taken to fall.
Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]v = 9.81 m/s^2 \times 2.2 s \\= 21.6 m/s[/tex]
Therefore, the impact velocity of the spanner is 21.6 meters per second.
Learn more about impact velocity
brainly.com/question/30328110
#SPJ1
You are yodeling in the mountains (velocity of sound = 325 m/s). You hear the echo off the nearest mountain 14 seconds later. How far away is the nearest mountain?
The nearest mountain is 4,550 m away. see the calculation procedures
Calculation of c between mountainsGiven data
Velocity of sound: 325 m/sTime for echo to return: 14 seconds Distance to nearest mountain: 4,550 mLet us multiply the velocity of sound (325 m/s) by the time it takes for the echo to return (14 seconds).
325 m/s x 14 seconds = 4,550 m.
Therefore, the nearest mountain is 4,550 m away.
The velocity of sound is a measure of how quickly sound travels through a medium. In this example, the velocity of sound is 325 m/s and it takes 14 seconds for an echo to return from the nearest mountain.
This means the mountain is 4,550 m away. Yodeling in the mountains is a great way to appreciate the power of sound and its ability to move through space.
Learn more about distance here:
https://brainly.com/question/26046491
#SPJ1
A ray of light in water has a wavelength of 4.42×
[tex] {10}^{ - 7} m[/tex]
What is the wavelength of that way while passing through ice?
When light is travelling through ice, its wavelength is 4.50 10⁻⁷ metres.
When light travels from air to glass, what happens to its wavelength?Since glass has a higher index of refraction than air, light travels more slowly through glass than through air (n=c/v). Although the wavelength does not change, the frequency does because the speed does.
The following equation describes the relationship between the wavelengths of light in two different media:
n1 * λ1 = n2 * λ2
We may rewrite this equation to get the wavelength of the light in the second medium while assuming that the light's frequency stays constant: λ2 = (n1 / n2) * λ1
For water, the refractive index is about 1.333, and for ice, it is about 1.31. Therefore, we have:
λ2 = (1.333 / 1.31) * 4.42×10⁻⁷ m
λ2 = 4.50×10⁻⁷ m
To know more about wavelength visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/7143261
#SPJ1
A sled with a mass 47.0 kg is pulled along flat, snow-covered ground. The static friction coefficient is 0.30, and the kinetic friction coefficient is 0.10.
(a) What does the sled weigh?
(b) What force will be needed to start the sled moving?
(c) What force is needed to keep the sled moving at a constant velocity?
(d) Once moving, what total force must be applied to the sled to accelerate it at 3.3 m/s2?
(a) The weight of the sled is given by the product of its mass and the acceleration due to gravity:
w = m*g = 47.0 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 = 461.07 N
(b) The force needed to start the sled moving is the maximum force of static friction, which is given by:
f_s = μ_s * w = 0.30 * 461.07 N = 138.32 N
(c) Once the sled is moving at a constant velocity, the force needed to keep it moving is equal to the force of kinetic friction, which is given by:
f_k = μ_k * w = 0.10 * 461.07 N = 46.11 N
(d) The total force needed to accelerate the sled at 3.3 m/s^2 is the sum of the force of kinetic friction and the force required to produce the desired acceleration:
F = f_k + m*a = 46.11 N + 47.0 kg * 3.3 m/s^2 = 200.97 N
How can 2-phenylethanoic acid can be prepared from toluene?
Answer: C6H5CH3 (toluene) + Br2 + Mg + CO2 + oxidizing agent → C6H5CH2COOH (2-phenylethanoic acid)
Explanation:
2-Phenylethanoic acid, also known as phenylacetic acid, can be prepared from toluene through the following steps:
Bromination: Toluene is brominated using Br2 and FeBr3 as a catalyst to form 2-bromotoluene.
Grignard reaction: The 2-bromotoluene is reacted with magnesium (Mg) in dry ether to form phenylmagnesium bromide (C6H5MgBr).
Acidification: The phenylmagnesium bromide is then reacted with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form 2-phenylpropanoic acid (also known as phenylpropionic acid). This reaction is carried out by bubbling CO2 gas through the solution of phenylmagnesium bromide in dry ether.
Oxidation: The 2-phenylpropanoic acid is then oxidized using a strong oxidizing agent, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or chromic acid (H2CrO4), to form 2-phenylethanoic acid.
The overall reaction can be represented as follows:
C6H5CH3 (toluene) + Br2 + Mg + CO2 + oxidizing agent → C6H5CH2COOH (2-phenylethanoic acid)
Note: This is a complex reaction sequence and should only be attempted by experienced chemists in a well-equipped laboratory with appropriate safety measures.
A motorcycle travels, in one direction only, with an average speed of 916.66 m/min during the first 30 minutes of its travel and 900 m/min during the next 20 minutes.
Calculate (Units must be in units of the international system):
a. The total distance traveled.
b. The average speed.
Explanation:
a. To calculate the total distance traveled, we need to find the distance traveled during the first 30 minutes and the distance traveled during the next 20 minutes, and then add them up.
During the first 30 minutes:
distance = speed × time
distance = 916.66 m/min × 30 min
distance = 27,499.8 meters
During the next 20 minutes:
distance = speed × time
distance = 900 m/min × 20 min
distance = 18,000 meters
Total distance traveled:
distance = 27,499.8 meters + 18,000 meters
distance = 45,499.8 meters
Therefore, the total distance traveled is 45,499.8 meters.
b. To calculate the average speed, we need to divide the total distance traveled by the total time taken.
Total time taken:
time = 30 min + 20 min
time = 50 min
Average speed:
speed = distance ÷ time
speed = 45,499.8 meters ÷ 50 min
speed = 909.996 m/min
Therefore, the average speed is 909.996 m/min.
A 15.0 cm tall object is placed 35.0 cm from a convex lens, which
has a focal length of 15.0 cm. Calculate the height for the image.
The image is reversed if the image height has a negative sign. The image is inverted and has a height of -6.45 cm.
How is the image's height determined?The lens equation describes how a convex lens's object distance (d o), image distance (d i), and focal length (f) relate to one another:
1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i
1/d_i = 1/15.0 cm - 1/35.0 cm 1/d_i = 1/f - 1/d o
1/d_i = 0.0667 cm -1
d_i = 15.0 cm
The image's magnification (M) is determined by:
M = - d_i / d_o
M = -15.0 cm / 35.0 cm
M = -0.43
M = h_i / h_o
h_i = M x h_o
The value for h_o is 15.0 cm. With M = -0.43, we obtain:
h_i = -0.43 * 15.0 cm
h_i = -6.45 cm
To learn more about convex lens visit:
brainly.com/question/27038900
#SPJ1
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE!
All of the following are Kepler's laws of planetary motion EXCEPT?
a.) Planets follow elliptical orbits with the sun at one of its foci
b.) The period of a planet (time it takes to go around the sun) is related to its distance from its Sun
c.) The period of a planet(time it takes to go around the sun) is related to the planet's mass
C. The period of a planet (time it takes to go around the sun) is not related to its mass.
The first law states that the planets follow elliptical orbits with the sun at one of its foci, the second law states that an imaginary line drawn from the sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, and the third law states that the square of the period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of its average distance from the sun. Since the period of a planet is not related to its mass, answer C is not one of Kepler's laws of planetary motion.
learn more about Kepler's laws Refer:brainly.com/question/30760148
#SPJ1
The trajectory of a ball can be computed with
y = (tan 0)x
9
2v cos² 0.
-x² + Yo
where y the height (m), 0o = the initial angle (radians), vo = the initial velocity (m/s), g = the gravitational constant = 9.81 m/s²,
and yo the initial height (m). Use the golden-section search to determine the maximum height given yo = 2 m, vo = 20 m/s,
and 80=45°. Iterate until the approximate error falls below &s=10% using initial guesses of x/= 10 m and xu = 30 m. (Round
the final answer to three decimal places.)
The maximum height is
m.
We must define a function that accepts an input parameter x and returns the associated height y in order to use the golden-section search. By entering the specified numbers for yo, vo, 0o, g, and x into the formula.
How much learning error must be set?The golden-section search algorithm can now be used to identify the value of x that maximises y. We begin by setting the error tolerance to 10% and starting with the basic hypotheses .
How can we determine the value of x that optimises y using the golden-section search algorithm?Calculate the values of x2 and x3 using the golden ratio:Evaluate the function at x2 and x3:If y2 > y3, the maximum is between x1 and x3, so we set x4 = x3 and repeat from step 1. Otherwise, the maximum is between x2 and x4, so we set x1 = x2 and repeat from step.
To know more about Trajectories visit:-
brainly.com/question/28874076
#SPJ1
PLEASE HELP ME! LIKE ASAP! Imagine a population of bugs that has two traits for body color. Some bugs are bright. Some are dark. A new predator can see the bright bugs more easily than the dark bugs. Describe how natural selection could affect this trait in the bug population over time.
Answer: if the predator sees the light bugs easier than the dark bugs then the bright bug will most likely go extinct
Explanation:
a block of wood ispushed against a relaxed spring to compressed it 0.080m the spring constant of spring is 2000 N/m what is true about change in kinetic potential energy of the block spring system
Change in kinetic energy is 6.4 Joules when a block of wood is pushed against a relaxed spring to compressed it 0.080m.
What is spring constant ?The spring constant is the force necessary to stretch or compress a spring divided by the spring's length. It is used to determine the stability or instability of a spring and, by extension, the system for which it is designed. The symbol k stands for the "spring constant," a value that indicates how "stiff" a spring is. If k is large, it signifies that stretching it a specific length requires more force than stretching a less stiff spring the same length.
Use formula
change in kinetic energy = [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] × k × [tex]x^{2}[/tex]
To know more about spring constant , visit ;
brainly.com/question/14203163
#SPJ1
Two particles are initially separated by 20 cm. Particle A, with mA = 10pg and qA = -5 nC, is on the left and makes a head-on collision with Particle B at a speed of 4 * 10^4 m/s. Particle B, with mB = 5pg and qB = -10nC, is on the right and moves toward Particle A at a speed of 6 * 10^4 m/s. Assume Particle A is moving in the positive direction. (If you wish to get correct answers, then be sure to use ke = 9 * 10^9 N * m^2 / C^2 and e = 1.6 * 10^-19 C.)
(a) The initial mechanical energy of the system in muJ (μJ - microjoules) and to three decimal places, is?
(b) The magnitude of the maximum force acting on qA during the collision in mN (miliNewton) and to three decimal places, is?
(c) The work done by the electric force on the system to stop the particles in muJ (μJ) and to two decimal places, is?
(d) The minimum separation distance between the two particles in cm and to three decimal places, is?
(e) The maximum speed experienced by Particle A is
Option 1: when it is infinitely far away from Particle B
2: is unable to be determined
3: when it is closest to Particle B
4: at its initial location
5: at a location that cannot be determined without more information
When particle A is infinitely far from particle B, option 1, it moves at its top speed.
Initial velocity of the first particle was u₁ = 4×10 ⁴m/s Initial velocity of the second particle was u₂ = 6×10⁴ m/s Initial velocity of the third particle was v = Final velocity of both particles after collision was v =
Use the idea of linear momentum conservation;
a) After a collision, a 5 kg particle moves at a speed of -1 m/s, changing the total kinetic energy of the system by -40 joules. More kinetic energy can be obtained by adding an external substance.k e = 9 ₓ 10⁹ N m² / C² and e = 1.6 ₓ 10⁻¹⁹ C.)
b) The Joule is the unit used to measure kinetic energy, which is the energy that an item stores as a result of motion. The product of a particle's mass and velocity is known as momentum. In order to determine the particle's velocity following a collision, we must first compare the values in the momentum conservation formula, which is provided as:c) m1 and v1 represent the mass and speed of a 10 pg item (before collision)m2, v2 represent the mass and speed of a 10 kilogram item (before collision)
M1, V1 stand for mass and speed.
d) A first particle and a second particle are O.v(m₁+ m₂) = m₁u₁ - m₂u₂.
11 x 2 - 11 x 2 = v( 11 + 11)
22 - 22 = v(22) (22)
0 = 22v = 0/22 = 0
e) After colliding, both particles' final velocities are zeroAs a result, both particles are at rest.
Learn more about particle here
https://brainly.com/question/30296584
#SPJ1
An average froghopper insect has a mass of 12.8 mg and jumps to a maximum height of 293 mm when its takeoff angle is 62.0∘ above the horizontal. With the takeoff speed being 2.71 m/s :
a) How much kinetic energy did the froghopper generate for this jump? Express your answer in microjoules.
b) How much energy per unit body mass was required for the jump? Express your answer in joules per kilogram of body mass.
Answer:
Explanation:
a) The potential energy gained by the froghopper at the maximum height of 293 mm can be calculated using the formula:
ΔPE = mgh
where ΔPE is the change in potential energy, m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the maximum height.
Substituting the given values, we get:
ΔPE = (12.8 × 10^-6 kg) × (9.81 m/s^2) × (0.293 m) = 3.69 × 10^-6 J
The kinetic energy of the froghopper at takeoff can be calculated using the formula:
KE = 0.5mv^2
where KE is the kinetic energy and v is the takeoff speed.
Substituting the given values, we get:
KE = 0.5 × (12.8 × 10^-6 kg) × (2.71 m/s)^2 = 4.75 × 10^-5 J
Therefore, the total energy generated by the froghopper for the jump is the sum of the potential and kinetic energy, which is:
Total energy = ΔPE + KE = 3.69 × 10^-6 J + 4.75 × 10^-5 J = 5.12 × 10^-5 J
Expressing the answer in microjoules, we get:
Total energy = 5.12 × 10^-5 J = 51.2 µJ
b) The energy per unit body mass required for the jump can be calculated by dividing the total energy generated by the froghopper by its body mass.
Substituting the given values, we get:
Energy per unit body mass = (5.12 × 10^-5 J) ÷ (12.8 × 10^-6 kg) = 4 J/kg
Therefore, the energy per unit body mass required for the jump is 4 J/kg.
1 Fig B U 99 m 33 m A student stands at P so that his distance from building A is 33 m. After clapping his hands once, he hears several echoes. The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s. a) Calculate the time interval between clapping his hands and hearing (i) the first echo, (ii) the third echo chamber containing air.
Using the principle of the echo, we can see that the first echo can be heard after 0.2 s.
What is echo?In acoustics, an echo refers to the reflection of sound waves off a surface and back to the listener. When sound waves encounter a hard surface, such as a wall or mountain, some of the energy is reflected back towards the source.
To find the time interval for the first echo;
v = 2x/t
t = 2x/v
t = 2(33)/330
t = 0.2 s
Echoes are often heard in large open spaces such as auditoriums, canyons, or empty rooms. They can also be artificially created using electronic sound processing equipment, such as reverb effects in music production or sound systems in large events.
Learn more about echo:https://brainly.com/question/9527413
#SPJ1
A basketball has a mass of approximately 624 grams [g] and a volume of 0.25 cubic feet [ft3]. Determine the density of the basketball in units of slug per gallon [slug/gal].
The basketball has a slugs density of 0.0228 per gallon (m/V = 0.0427 slugs/1.8697 gallons) (approximately).
What in density is a slug?Based on normal gravity, the international foot, and the avoirdupois pound, one slug weighs 32.1740 lb (14.59390 kg). An item with a mass of 1 slug would weigh around 32.2 lbf, or 143 N, at the Earth's surface.
We need to apply the following conversion factor to convert grammes to slugs:
1 slug = 14.5939 kg
1 kg = 1000 g
Therefore:
1 slug = 14.5939 kg = 14.5939 x 1000 g = 14593.9 g
So, the mass of the basketball in slugs is:
m = 624 g / 14593.9 g/slug = 0.0427 slugs
To convert from cubic feet to gallons, we need to use the following conversion factor:
1 gallon = 0.133681 ft^3
Therefore:
0.25 ft⁻³ = 0.25 / 0.133681 = 1.8697 gallons
So, the volume of the basketball in gallons is:
V = 1.8697 gallons
The density of the basketball in slug/gal is:
ρ = m / V = 0.0427 slugs / 1.8697 gallons = 0.0228 slug/gal (approximately)
To know more about slugs density visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/30024936
#SPJ1
A 5.0KG block is placed at rest on a 30 degree incline. The coefficient of static friction is 0.5 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is lower than that. Draw a free body diagram of the block including all force components and determine the net force. Will the block slide or will it remain at rest?
Here is a free body diagram of the block on the incline:
/|
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/θ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/____________|
N
|
|
|
|<----f_kinetic
|_______ <----f_gravity
Static force:
f_static is less than the maximum force of static friction, the block will not slide and will remain at rest.
In this diagram, θ represents the angle of the incline, N represents the normal force exerted on the block by the incline, f_gravity represents the force of gravity pulling the block down the incline, and f_kinetic represents the force of kinetic friction opposing the motion of the block. Since the block is at rest, the net force must be zero.
We can calculate the force of gravity using the formula:
f_gravity = mgcosθ
where m is the mass of the block, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2), and θ is the angle of the incline. Substituting the given values, we get:
f_gravity = (5.0 kg)*(9.81 m/s²)*cos(30°) = 42.7 N
The normal force, N, is perpendicular to the incline and equal in magnitude to the component of the force of gravity perpendicular to the incline. We can calculate it using the formula:
N = f_gravity*sinθ
Substituting the given values, we get:
N = (5.0 kg)*(9.81 m/s²)*sin(30°) = 24.5 N
The force of static friction, f_static, can be found using the formula:
f_static = μ_static*N
where μ_static is the coefficient of static friction. Substituting the given value, we get:
f_static = (0.5)*(24.5 N) = 12.3 N
Since the block is at rest, the force of static friction must be equal in magnitude to the component of the force of gravity parallel to the incline:
f_static = f_gravitysinθ = (5.0 kg)(9.81 m/s²)*sin(30°) = 24.5 N
Since f_static is less than the maximum force of static friction, the block will not slide and will remain at rest.
We don't need to determine the force of kinetic friction since the block is not sliding.
To know more about the force, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/26115859
#SPJ1
A spring stretches 6.0 cm when a 0.25 kg block is hung from it.
If a 0.80 kg block replaces the 0.25 kg block, how far does the spring stretch?
When a 0.80 Kg block is used in place of a 0.25 Kg block, the length of the string is increased by 19.6 cm.
How does spring stretch become calculated?The formula used by the Hooke's Law Calculator is Fs = -kx, where F is the spring's restoring force, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement, or the length by which the spring is being stretched
We'll start by determining the spring's string constant. Specifics below:
Extension (e) = 6.0 cm
Mass (m) = 0.25 Kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Force (F) = mg = 0.25 × 9.8 = 2.45 N
Spring constant (K) =?
F = Ke
2.45 = K × 6
Divide both sides by 6
K = 2.45 / 6
K = 0.40 N/cm
The extension will be calculated after the 0.25 kg block is replaced with the 0.80 kg block. As demonstrated below:
Mass (m) = 0.80 Kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Force (F) = mg = 0.80 × 9.8 = 7.84 N
Spring constant (K) = 0.40 N/cm
Extension (e) = ?
F = Ke
7.84 = 0.40 × e
Divide both sides by 0.40
e = 7.84 / 0.40
e = 19.6 cm
We may thus deduce from the preceding computation that the spring will lengthen by 19.6 cm.
To know more about Spring Stretch visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13008041
#SPJ1
The half life of a radioactive element is 4×10⁸ years. Calculate its decay constant and mean life
The decay constant (λ) of a radioactive element can be calculated using the formula:
λ = ln(2) / T1/2
where ln(2) is the natural logarithm of 2 and T1/2 is the half-life of the element.
Substituting the given values, we get:
λ = ln(2) / (4 x 10^8)
λ = 1.73 x 10^-9 per year
Therefore, the decay constant of the radioactive element is 1.73 x 10^-9 per year.
The mean life (τ) of a radioactive element can be calculated using the formula:
τ = 1 / λ
Substituting the calculated value of λ, we get:
τ = 1 / (1.73 x 10^-9)
τ = 5.78 x 10^8 years
Therefore, the mean life of the radioactive element is 5.78 x 10^8 years.
A 1450 car having a speed of 25.2 collides with a 7.5 truck moving in the same direction at 20.0 . Velocity of the car after the collision changed to 15.0 in the initial direction. What is the velocity of the truck after the collision?
The velocity of the truck after the collision, given that a 1450 kg car having a speed of 25.2 m/s collides with the 7.5 kg truck is 1992 m/s
How do I determine the velocity of the truck after collision?The following data were obtained from the question given above:
Mass of car (m₁) = 1450 KgInitial velocity of car (u₁) = 25.2 m/sMass of truck (m₂) = 7.5 KgInitial velocity of truck (u₂) = 20.0 m/sFinal velocity of car (v₁) = 15.0 m/sFinal velocity of truck (v₂) = ?The velocity of the truck after the collision can be obtained by using the law of conservation of linear momentum as follow:
m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂
m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂
(1450 × 25.2) + (7.5 × 20) = (1450 × 15) + (7.5 × v₂)
36540 + 150 = 21750 + (7.5 × v₂)
36690 = 21750 + 7.5v₂
Collect like terms
7.5v₂ = 36690 - 21750
7.5v₂ = 14940
Divide both sides by 7.5
v₂ = 14940 / 7.5
v₂ = 1992 m/s
Thus, the velocity of the truck after collision is 1992 m/s
Learn more about velocity after collison:
https://brainly.com/question/28151651
#SPJ1