Ionization energy and electronegativity show similar trends in the periodic table. Describe these trends. What is the significance of the similarity of these trends?
Taking into account the definition of ionization energy and electronegativity, you can say that the significance of the similarity of these trends is that while electrons are more attracted to the nucleus (electronegativity), more energy is needed to extract an electron from a neutral atom (ionization energy).
Ionization energy
Electrons are held in atoms by their attraction to the nucleus, which means that energy is needed to remove an electron from the atom.
Ionization energy, also called ionization potential, is the necessary energy that must be supplied to a neutral, gaseous, ground-state atom to remove an electron from an atom. When an electron is removed from a neutral atom, a cation with a charge equal to +1 is formed.
The further away the electron is from the nucleus, the easier it is to remove it, that is, the less energy is needed.
In a group the atoms have the same electronic structure in the outermost shell. But when going down in the same group, the electrons find themselves in shells that are farther and farther away from the nucleus, being less and less attracted. The size of the atom increases as the number of electronic shells increases, increasing the atomic radius when descending in a group. But the electrons are farther from the nucleus, and the easier it will be to expel them. That is, its extraction from the atom is facilitated. So the ionization energy decreases when descending in a group. In other words, ionization energy is a function of atomic radius; the larger the radius, the less energy is required to remove the electron from the outermost orbital.
By increasing the atomic number of the elements of the same period, the nuclear attraction on the outermost electron increases, since the atomic radius decreases and the effective nuclear charge on it increases.
For this reason, in a period, as the atomic number increases, the ionization energy becomes greater.
ElectronegativityThe electronegativity of an element is defined as the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons from another atom to chemically bond and form a compound.
In other words, electronegativity is a measure of the attractive force that one atom exerts on the electrons of another when a chemical bond forms.
In the groups, the electronegativity decreases from top to bottom because the valence shell moves away from the nucleus and with this the attraction that the nucleus exerts on the valence electrons decreases.
In the periods, the electronegativity increases from left to right, because the number of electrons in the valence shell increases, so the attraction of other electrons increases to complete the valence shell and reach a stable state.
Similarityof the trendsThe significance of the similarity of these trends is that while electrons are more attracted to the nucleus (electronegativity), more energy is needed to extract an electron from a neutral atom (ionization energy).
Then, electronegativity is related to ionization energy in the following way: an atom with a high ionization potential has a high electronegativity. On the contrary, atoms with low ionization potential have small electronegativity.
Learn more about
electronegativity: brainly.com/question/14481608?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/21298480?referrer=searchResultsionization energy:brainly.com/question/16243729?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/11623163?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/1602374?referrer=searchResultsa change in the composition of matter _____________ occurs during a chemical reaction.
Answer: During a chemical change, the composition of matter always changes
Explanation:
If you were able to magnify a penny down to the atomic level, what two
observations could you make about the atoms?
The two observations you would make about the atoms are
They are made up largely of empty spaceTheir mass is concentrated at the center called a nucleusThese observations were made by Ernest Rutherford in his model of the atom established in 1911, when he performed his gold foil experiment and observed the scattering angle of the alpha particles which led him to conclude that the mass of the atom was concentrated at the center.
Also, that most of the alpha particles also went through the gold foil suggested that the atom was made up basically of empty space.
So,
The two observations you would make about the atoms are
They are made up largely of empty spaceTheir mass is concentrated at the center called a nucleusLearn more about the atom here:
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14. A gas in a 400 ml flask exerts pressure of 81.0 kPa at 25.0°C. If the gas
was in a 250 ml container at a pressure of 101 kPa, the temperature would be
a) - 124 °C
b) - 41.2°C
c) 20.0°C
d) 232 °C
Answer: B would be the correct answer
Explanation: You will need to use P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
So
P1= 81.0kPa /101 =0.799atm
V1=0.4L
T1=25.0C +273.15K= 298.15K
P2= 101kPa /101 = 1atm
V2=0.25L
T2= ?
T2=P2V2T1/P1V1
(1.0atm)(0.25L)(298.15K)/(0.799atm)(0.4L) =233.22K-273.15=-39.92C
Someone please help :/
I'm writing a lab report for my chem class on crystalline structures and I have absolutely no idea how to write the introduction. Can someone please direct me on how exactly I should write this?
Thanks!
Answer:
yes i will help
txt me. down and show what is the. project
Please help I am stuck on this question
i think the answer is nervus cell because they work togtter to form the brain
In terms of attractive forces, explain why LiClhas a higher melting point than SCI2.
Answer:
Well, SCl2 is known, so is disulfur dichloride… Cl−S−S−Cl …and BOTH these species are molecular… On the other hand, lithium chloride, an ionic salt, is decidedly non-molecular, and consists of an infinite array of lithium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces ….. and thus we would expect the salt to have the much higher melting point….
what is the physical state of gold at room temperature
Answer:
solid
Explanation:
gold is relatively unreactive and exists as a solid at room temperature
It is found as a solid in gold mines, and in gold nuggets in river beds
An atom is electrically neutral when...
O The number of protons and neutrons are equal.
O The number of protons and electrons are equal.
O The number of neutrons and electrons are equal.
O The neutrons balance the protons and electrons.
Answer:
The number of protons and electrons are equal.
Explanation:
When an atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, it has an equal number of negative electric charges (the electrons) and positive electric charges (the protons). The total electric charge of the atom is therefore zero and the atom is said to be neutral.
Which are proteins that recognize specific proteins on bacteria a.antibodies b.enzymes c.nutrients d.receptors
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer:
A. antibodies
Explanation:
A field of many different species of wildflowers would be considered a(n) _____________.
a
organism
b
population
c
community
d
ecosystem
e
biome
f
biosphere
Answer:
That would be a community.
Explanation:
A field of many different species of wildflowers is considered to be a community.
What is community in biological terms?It is called biological community meaning an interacting group of various species sharing a common location.Factors which determine overall structure of community are number of species, abundance of each species,interaction among the species and community's ability to return to normal after a natural calamity.
Change of communities over a period of time is called as ecological succession.Each species in a community has its own characteristic niche . The niche includes all the interactions of the species with other members of the community.An ecosystem comprises of biological community together with its physical environment.
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During chemical reactions__________are broken and___________to form
new substances with different properties, but mass is still_____________ .
Answer:
1st blank : Atoms
2nd blank : Reactants
I'm still trying to find the 3rd blank. I'll put it in comments if I find it
Explanation:
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ANSWER : I AND III
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Chemical and physical properties of the seaborgium element
Answer:
Seaborgium is an artificially produced radioactive chemical element, it's appearance is unknown, it probably has a silvery white or metallic gray colour. The most stable isotope Sg 271 has an half life of 2.4 minutes.
Migration can best enhance the survival of individuals because it
Answer:
It can enhance survival because the animals for example birds are migrating to those places for high or increasing resources
Explanation:
a standard solution is made by diluting a small volume of stock solution. if 2.42 ml of stock solution is mixed with 7.55 ml of water, what is the concentration of the diluted solution? the stock solution concentration is 0.197 m.
Taking into account the definition of dilution, the concentration of the diluted solution is 0.063 M.
DilutionWhen it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.
Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.
In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
Ci: initial concentrationVi: initial volumeCf: final concentrationVf: final volumeConcentration of the diluted solutionIn this case, you know:
Ci= 0.197 MVi= 2.42 mLCf= ?Vf= 7.55 mLReplacing in the definition of dilution:
0.197 M× 2.42 mL= Cf× 7.55 mL
Solving:
(0.197 M× 2.42 mL)÷ 7.55 mL= Cf
0.063 M= Cf
In summary, the concentration of the diluted solution is 0.063 M.
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2 hydrogen atoms; 3 helium atoms; 5 oxygen atoms; 6 iron atoms
19 aluminum atoms; 15 phosphorus atoms; 7 sodium atoms
B. What do the following spellings indicate:
4Cl; 12 thousand; 17Zn; 2 grams; Three; 8C; 15Al
Answer:
4chlorine;12thousand ;17zinc;2grams;three 8carbon;15aluminium
Balance the following equation:
C7H602 + 02 -- CO2 + H20
Answer:
Explanation:
2C7H6O2 + 15O2 → 14CO2 + 6H2O.
What is the energy of a single photon with a wavelength of 750 nm.
Answer:
Refer to the attachment
is a paper clip homogeneous or heterogenous? substance or mixture? solution, colloid, suspension?
Explanation: It is an alloy, very probable, not homogeneous.
A metal paper clip is usually steel, an alloy of iron, carbon, and other elements in various amounts. A plastic paper clip is composed of a polymer, a very complex compound.
A paper clip is a Colloid
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Is it _________
To view _______ eclipse without eve protection.
A.Unsafe, lunar
B.Safe, solar
C.Unsafe, solar
D.Unsafe new moon
Answer:
unsafe, solar
Explanation:
A lunar eclipse covers the moon which is safe to look at. New Moon, again is simply the moon. However, we should never look at the sun, eclipsed or not!
Answer:
C, it is unsafe to view solar
without eye protection
HELPPPP PLEASE WILLLL GIVE BRIANLIESTTTT
We can use the formula M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ the total volume of water that will yield 0.800 M HCl. We can then subtract that from the initial volume to get how much water needs to be added.
Since M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ (starting mole× starting volume = end mole × end volume)
⇒ (5 mol)(20 mL) = (0.80 mol) V₂
100 mol/mL = 0.8 mol × V₂
⇒ V₂ = 100 mol/mL ÷ 0.8 mol
= 125 m
Since we began with 20.0 mL of water,
water needed to add = 125 mL - 20 mL = 105 mL
Deduce the total rate change of momentum of a cylinderical shaped object
Rotational versus translational kinetic energy; Total kinetic energy; Acceleration of a rolling object. Example scenarios. Rolling cylinders.
how many electrons can occupy the 4p sublevel of a neutral atom of bromine
Answer:
6
Explanation
every p sublevel holds up to 6 electrons
so the 4p sublevel must hold up to 6 electonsr
How would the electron configuration of nitrogen change to make a stable configuration?
It would lose four electrons.
It would gain three electrons.
It would gain two electrons.
It would lose five electrons.
Which quantity determines how two atoms bond?
the difference in the number of valence electrons
the difference in their electronegativities
their total number of valence electrons
the sum of their electronegativities
Which statement best explains why the elements in Group 18 do not have electronegativity values?
The elements do not have electrons.
The elements are too large.
The elements have filled valence levels.
The elements have only one electron shell.
Based on patterns in the periodic table, which ion has a stable valence electron configuration?
potassium (K) with a 1+ charge
magnesium (Mg) with a 1− charge
sulfur (S) with a 1− charge
fluorine (F) with a 1+ charge
Which chemical formula represents a polyatomic ion?(1 point)
Na+
Cl–
NaCl
ClO–
The answers to the questions are as follows;
It would gain three electronsThe difference in their electronegativities.The elements have filled Valence levelspotassium (K) with a 1+ chargeClO-Question 1:
How would the electron configuration of nitrogen change to make a stable configuration?Since Nitrogen has 5 Valence electrons, it needs 3 electrons to attain it's octet configuration. As such, it gains 3 electrons.
Question 2:
Which quantity determines how two atoms bond.The quantity which determines how two atoms bond is The difference in their electronegativities.
Question 3:
Which statement best explains why the elements in Group 18 do not have electronegativity values.This is because the elements have filled Valence levels.
Question 4:
Based on patterns in the periodic table, which ion has a stable valence electron configurationThe ion which has a stable Valence electron configuration is potassium (K) with a 1+ charge
Question 5;
Which chemical formula represents a polyatomic ion?The chemical formula which represents a polyatomic ion is; ClO-
what is the source of the carbon plants use to make organic molecules?
Answer:
Carbon dioxide serves as the source of carbon,
Explanation:
pls hurry
Which important law states that when elements are arranged by atomic number, similarities in chemical properties exist?
1)Periodic Law
2)Mendeleev's 1st law
3)Law of Atomic Structure
4)Theory of Periodic Succession
Answer:
plusses give me brainliest after this
The answer is: 1. periodic table
how do ions form bonds, and describe the structure of the resulting compound.
Answer:
Electrons are transferred between atoms together in the ionic compound. The ions are arranged in a regular repeating pattern in an ionic crystal
Explanation:
Ions electrostatically attracts its counter ions and forms the ionic bond between these ions. The structure of ionic compounds depends on the number of atoms and bonded pair of electrons.
What is ionic bonding ?Ionic bonds are formed between metals and non-metals. Metals are electron rich and easily loss one or more electrons to the electron deficient non metals.
The loss of electrons make the atom forms a positive ion called cations. The gain of electrons make the formation of anions or negative ions. These positive ions and negative ions attracts electrostatically and forms ionic bond between them.
The structure of ionic compounds depends on the number of bonded atoms, size, presence of lone pairs etc. In solution ionic compounds exists as separate ions.
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Question 116 g of sunflower oil is
used in a recipe. The density of the
oil is 0.925 g/mL. What is the volume
of the sunflower oil in mL?
Explanation:
Volume = mass ÷ density
= 116 g ÷ 0.925 g/mL
= 125.41 mL
A 116 g of sunflower oil of 0.925 g/mL has a volume of 125.41 mL.help plssssssssssssssss??
Answer:
Chemical properties, such as combustibility, are generally observed as the identity of a substance changes and one or more new substances form.
Explanation:
Chemical change involves formation of new substances. Therefore, the correct answer is "Chemical properties, such as combustibility, are generally observed as the identity of a substance changes and one or more new substances form."