While english as a foreign language has the highest number of speakers in the world, which language is spoken by the most people in the world as a native language? a. arabic b. french c. spanish d. mandarin chinese

The Freudian concept of the ego is best described as  operating on the reality principle. Option A

The Freudian concept of the ego can be best described as operating on the reality principle. The ego is one of the three components of Freud's structural model of the psyche, which also includes the id and the superego. The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of its impulses and desires without regard for consequences. The superego, on the other hand, focuses solely on the morality of an issue, representing our internalized sense of right and wrong.

In contrast, the ego operates on the reality principle, balancing the conflicting demands of the id and the superego with the demands of external reality. It acts as a mediator between the two other components of the psyche, and it works to ensure that our impulses and desires are expressed in ways that are socially acceptable and in line with our long-term goals.

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involves obstacles: problem solving

Correct label: problem solving

involves ranking outcomes as better or worse decision making

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True,the heaviest loads are the thoughts in your head, the heaviest loads we carry are the thoughts in our head.

Usually, when we struggle with depressive thoughts, there is a well-intentioned person who advises us to just not think about it. It means you're taking it personally. Once you take something personally, it takes on a stifling feeling.The heaviness and burden of thoughts weigh on the person, just as poor quality food weighs on the body. In fact, you can feel the charge once you're eating them.At a very fundamental level, thoughts are pure energy.They move through the synapses in our brain, jumping from one neuron to another, moving from one group to another at lightning speed.It is an almost instant process. If you think about moving your hand,while you think about it.Feeling like a burden means that you are often afraid of making other people uncomfortable,upset, or frustrated.You may worry that they are getting tired of you and your needs or requests.It can hold you back from being your true self, asking for help,or setting boundaries.

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Option b: Specific and significant achievement deficits in spite of adequate intelligence is the defining characteristic of students with learning disabilities.

Learning handicap, learning confusion, or learning trouble (English) is a condition in the mind that causes hardships fathoming or handling data and can be brought about by a few unique variables. This does not rule out the possibility of learning in a different way despite the "difficulty learning in a typical manner."

As a result, some individuals can be more accurately referred to as having a "learning difference," thereby avoiding any misperception that they are disabled and unable to learn and any potential negative stereotypes. In the United Kingdom, "learning disability" typically refers to an intellectual disability, whereas "learning difficulties" typically refer to conditions like dyslexia and dyspraxia.

Although the terms "learning disability" and "learning disorder" are frequently used interchangeably, there are numerous distinctions between the two. The term "disorder" refers to significant academic learning issues. However, these issues are insufficient to warrant an official diagnosis.

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Answer:

Explanation:

It is crucial to consider racial and class segregation when creating school districts because these factors have a significant impact on the educational opportunities and outcomes of students.

Racial and class segregation can lead to unequal distribution of resources, with low-income and minority students often having less access to quality education, experienced teachers, and advanced courses. This can result in lower academic achievement, limited opportunities for college and career readiness, and perpetuate systemic inequalities.

Furthermore, racially and socioeconomically diverse classrooms have been shown to have positive impacts on all students, including increased cultural awareness and empathy, improved critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and enhanced creativity and innovation.

Creating school districts that promote integration and diversity can help to reduce disparities in educational opportunities and outcomes, promote a more equitable society, and prepare students for success in a diverse and globalized world. By ensuring that schools are inclusive and representative of all members of the community, we can create a more just and equitable education system for all students.

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Some things that can be done to maximize your college investment are lowering your cost of college and think about financial aid.

With some financial planning and by making decisions that will allow you to cut costs on your education expenses, college can offer you a college investment. You will have to spend less if you enrol in an institution with cheaper overall tuition and fees.

Think about beginning at a low-cost institution and transferring the college courses for credit later. When it comes to assessing ROI, institutions which have the same sticker price, but disparities in the quantity of financial aid granted, and also the number of students getting it, can provide students with substantially bigger returns on investment.

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Answer:

There are several warning signs that may indicate potentially aggressive behavior in sexual or romantic relationships. These warning signs may include:

Refusal to respect boundaries: People who refuse to respect their partner's boundaries, such as ignoring their partner's request to stop a particular sexual activity, may be more likely to engage in aggressive behavior.

Lack of empathy: People who lack empathy for their partner's feelings and needs may be more likely to engage in behaviors that are harmful or abusive.

Attempts to control: People who try to control their partner's behavior or restrict their freedom, such as by dictating what they wear or who they spend time with, may be more likely to engage in aggressive behavior.

Use of coercion: People who use coercion, such as threats or manipulation, to pressure their partner into engaging in sexual activities they are not comfortable with, may be more likely to engage in aggressive behavior.

Jealousy and possessiveness: People who display extreme jealousy or possessiveness towards their partner may be more likely to engage in aggressive behavior, particularly if they view their partner as a possession rather than an equal partner.

Industrialisation and competitiveness - covers institutions, policies and factors that determine the productivity of a country/economy through diversification and expansion of productive sectors in the region.

Key focus areas

(i) Ratification of the SADC Protocol on Industry

(ii) Coordinate the implementation of the SADC Industrialisation Strategy and Roadmap (SISR) 2015-2063

(iii) Establishment of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)-East African Community (EAC)-Southern African Development Community (SADC) Tripartite Free Trade Agreement (TFTA) (Industrial Pillar)

(iv) Development in the UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organisation)

Some projects and programmes being implemented include Project on Industrialisation GIZ-CESARE (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH) - Cooperation for the Enhancement of SADC Regional Economic Integration.

Partners and agencies include the SADC Member States, COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite Member/Partner States and ECA (United Nations Economic Commission for Africa)

Some statistics on vital issues

(i) SADC's regional Gross Domestic Product growth contracted by 4.6 per cent in 2020, from a growth of 2.1 per cent in 2019. This is a far cry from a minimum of 7% per year (SISR target).

(ii) SADC's relatively stagnant structural transformation with high dominance of service sector and manufacturing sector still having a stable and low share of around 12% against a target of 30% by 2030

(iii) SADC's relatively stagnant structural transformation with high dominance of service sector and agriculture sector employment across all SADC Member States, with most 'countries' share of industry employment of less than 15% a far cry of the targeted 30% by 2030.

(iv) SADC intra-trade still around 20% is far less than other regions such as Asia (30 per cent) and EU (60 per cent). Low intra-trade is associated with a low share of manufactured exports to total exports of around 3%, a far cry from the target of 50 per cent of total exports by 2030.

List of documents - Protocol, Strategies, Frameworks

(i) SADC Protocol on Industry (2019)

(ii) SADC Industrialisation Strategy and Roadmap (SISR 2015-2063)

(iii) Industrial Upgrading Modernisation Programme (IUMP)

(iv) COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite Free Trade Area Agreement,

(v) African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

(vi) Capacity building programme

(vii) RISDP 2020-2030

(viii) SADC Vision 2050

The SADC Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP 2020-2030) Industrial Development and Market Integration pillar comprises efforts to realise an industrialised regional economy utilises its natural resources sustainably.

Thus, industrial development focusing on the priority sectors of agro-processing, mineral beneficiation, and pharmaceuticals is prioritised, alongside enhancing regional technological capability and capacity through science, technology and innovation.

Related to this, the agricultural sector transformation is positioned to promote sustainable management of the environment and natural resources while ensuring productivity and improved market access for agro-products. Particular attention is further placed on the sustainable development of integrated Green and Blue Economies expected to generate revenue and employment.

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Answer:

I don't get ii please explain

While discovering a society's subsistence and sociopolitical patterns may seem impossible, it helps to remember that most state-level societies are hierarchical.

Subsistence refers to the practice of living only on what one can find in nature, rather than on other people's goods. In general, a person's subsistence depends on the available resources and technology, as well as their social and cultural contexts.

Sociopolitical refers to aspects of society's social and political organization, such as leadership, legal structures, and social and political values. This refers to how political and social structures interact, and how they are influenced by each other.

In the academic community, "society" refers to a group of individuals who share a common culture, language, and history. To maintain their common cultural identity, these societies have developed a complex network of social relations that includes economic, political, and religious institutions. Societies are the basic unit of human social organization and, as such, are essential to human survival and progress.

State-level societies are hierarchical, which means that they are structured like a pyramid, with the top being the most powerful and the bottom being the least powerful. These societies are divided into different levels of power and authority, with each level having a specific function.

The people in these societies are arranged in a particular way, with the ruling class at the top and the common people at the bottom. Most state-level societies are hierarchical and have a social class system in which individuals are ranked based on their wealth, power, and status.

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Dr. Diamond's response to the argument that if sexual orientation is fluid, it does not need to be a legally protected identity is that the argument is invalid. She argues that even if sexual orientation is fluid, individuals should still be protected from discrimination on the basis of their current or perceived sexual orientation.

Dr. Lisa Diamond, a professor of developmental psychology at the University of Utah, argues that sexual orientation is fluid and that individuals should be protected from discrimination on the basis of their current or perceived sexual orientation, even if it changes over time.

She argues that the argument that if sexual orientation is fluid, it does not need to be a legally protected identity is invalid. She argues that even if sexual orientation is fluid, individuals should still be protected from discrimination on the basis of their current or perceived sexual orientation.

Sexual orientation is often used as a basis for discrimination, and laws protecting individuals from discrimination on the basis of their sexual orientation are necessary to ensure that all individuals are treated equally.

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False. Most orthodox theologians believe that Jesus will return, but not all of them.

Orthodoxy is a term used to describe a set of beliefs, doctrines, or practices that are considered to be true or correct according to a particular religion, philosophy, or system of thought. It is often used in contrast to heterodoxy or heresy, which refer to beliefs or practices that deviate from the established norms or teachings of a particular system.

In the context of Christianity, orthodoxy refers to the set of beliefs and practices that have been passed down from the apostles and are considered to be essential to the faith. This includes the belief in the Trinity, the divinity of Jesus Christ, and the authority of Scripture, among other doctrines.

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The primary objective  for a service or retail organization when making a location​ decision is to maximize profits.

Some factors that influence site positioning are raw material location, proximity to markets, climate and culture. The models used to assess whether a location is the best fit for an organization consist of a location cost-benefit analysis, a centroid model, a transportation model, and a factorial evaluation. 

All businesses should use a site planning methodology. There are many options for location planning. Businesses can choose to expand existing locations, close one location and move to another, add new locations while maintaining existing facilities, or do nothing. There are various methods used to determine the best location or alternatives for your business. Methods such as identifying countries, general regions, minority community alternatives, and location alternatives. 

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Research indicates that women with disabilities experience emotional, physical, or sexual abuse as frequently as nondisabled women.

This finding is not surprising, as individuals with disabilities are vulnerable to abuse due to the social power differentials that exist between them and those without disabilities. Moreover, they often rely on people without disabilities for access to services, making them more likely to experience abuse.

Women with disabilities are more likely to have friendships evolve into romantic relationships than women without disabilities.

This could be due to the fact that disabled women are more likely to rely on friendship for support, as they may have fewer romantic prospects due to stigma and physical barriers. Additionally, disabled women may be less likely to have access to traditional dating opportunities.

Women with disabilities have less sexual desire than women without disabilities. This is likely due to both physical and emotional barriers, such as feeling undesirable, uncomfortable with their bodies, or lacking access to sexual education.

Moreover, the limited availability of assistive devices and accessible spaces can limit their ability to explore their sexuality.

Despite these challenges, research indicates that women with disabilities are more satisfied with their sexual lives than women without disabilities.

This could be due to the fact that they often have a greater appreciation for sexuality, greater acceptance of themselves, and more communication and connection with partners.

In conclusion, research suggests that women with disabilities experience emotional, physical, or sexual abuse as frequently as nondisabled women, are more likely to have friendships evolve into romantic relationships, have less sexual desire, and are more satisfied with their sexual lives than women without disabilities.

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Toni's ability to pick up some rudimentary Spanish without trying to do so is an example of incidental learning.

Incidental learning is a type of learning that occurs unintentionally or casually as a result of engaging in some activities, rather than in formal or structured learning environments such as schools or universities, where knowledge acquisition is deliberate and planned.

Toni is an excellent example of incidental learning, where she gains knowledge of the Spanish language without putting in much effort or deliberately studying it. She acquired Spanish vocabulary by paying attention to her friend's language. This demonstrates that individuals learn through their everyday interactions and experiences, even when they are unaware of it.

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Fluoridation of public water reduces a population's rate of tooth decay.

It is a common practice in many countries to fluoridate public water supplies as a public health measure to prevent dental caries (tooth decay). The addition of fluoride to public water supplies has been a successful public health measure that has reduced the incidence of tooth decay by up to 25%. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has identified water fluoridation as one of the ten great public health achievements of the 20th century.

According to the CDC, the optimal level of fluoride in drinking water is between 0.7 and 1.2 mg/L, which is safe and effective for reducing tooth decay in populations. Fluoridation is an effective, safe, and cost-effective way to improve oral health for the entire population, regardless of age, income, or access to dental care.

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Derivative classification is the process of determining the appropriate classification of information that is already classified by the original classification authority (OCA) and incorporating that classification designation into a newly created or modified document or material.

In other words, it involves using pre-existing classified information as a basis for classifying newly created or modified information. Derivative classification is important for maintaining consistency and protecting sensitive information, as it ensures that information remains classified at the appropriate level throughout its life cycle.

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Sleep becomes more important with age is not true therefore the correct option is C.

Sleep is an essential part of life, and it's important for our physical health. still, while sleep supports growth and helps us  recoup, it doesn't come more important with age. In fact, as we get aged, our need for sleep tends to  drop, as our bodies come more  habituated to  performing on  lower sleep.

That said, sleep is still critical for our overall health and good, as it helps us restore and  make our fading  recollections from the day's  gests , as well as helping to regulate our body temperature, strengthen our vulnerable system, and ameliorate our cognitive functions.

Hence the correct option is C.

Question is incomplete the complete question is

Which of the following is not true about sleep?

a. sleep helps us recuperate sleep supports growth

b. sleep helps us restore and build our fading memories from the day's experiences

c. sleep becomes more important with age

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weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation meant Congress had no money to assist the states d. The central government could not collect taxes.

The weakness of the Articles of Confederation in terms of the central government's inability to collect taxes was a significant issue that led to financial problems for Congress and the states. The Articles of Confederation granted limited power to Congress, which was unable to levy taxes or regulate commerce effectively. As a result, the central government had no money to assist the states, pay its debts, or provide for its military. This led to a financial crisis that threatened the stability of the new nation and highlighted the need for a stronger, more centralized government. The inability to collect taxes was one of the primary reasons why the Articles of Confederation were eventually replaced by the United States Constitution.

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The type of power that tends to produce commitment is referent power, which is part of the multiple-choice option "positive legitimate, expert, and referent." Referent power comes from admiration or respect, leading people to willingly follow and commit to the person who possesses this power.

Referent power is the power that one person has due to their attractiveness or charisma or their relationship with other individuals. People like and admire individuals who have referent power, and they want to be associated with them, resulting in a greater level of loyalty and commitment to them.

People are likely to become devoted and dedicated to someone who has referent power because they perceive the person as being somebody with characteristics they aspire to possess. This devotion can also lead to group cohesion since people are attracted to people with referent power, which can create a sense of unity among group members.

To sum up, the type of power that tends to produce commitment is referent power.

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The correct answer is that Arab traders settled in West Africa and brought Islam with them, building mosques and spreading the religion to the local populations who were already involved in trade networks.

Out of the given options, the most plausible reason why West African trading centers were home to many people who adopted Islam is that Arab traders settled in West Africa and built mosques and libraries there. These traders brought Islam with them and established a presence in West Africa, including building mosques and other institutions. As a result, Islam became a popular religion among the local population, with many people converting to the faith. This adoption of Islam was not forced upon the West Africans by the Arab traders or West African kings, but rather it was a voluntary choice made by the people themselves.

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Therapists who take a reinforcement approach while treating a conversion disorder would be most likely to focus on positive reinforcement.

This means rewarding behavior that is beneficial to the patient's treatment, such as refraining from engaging in self-injurious behavior or successfully completing tasks.

Positive reinforcement can be as simple as verbal praise, physical touch, or a special reward. This approach helps to create a sense of motivation and reinforces the patient's successful behavior.

By providing reinforcement, therapists can strengthen the patient's coping skills and make progress towards overcoming the conversion disorder.

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The given statement "despite the efforts of reformers, police corruption increased dramatically during the reform era." is false because of increasing crime rate in the society and which was more focused towards political reforms.

Reformers made every effort to halt the escalation of police corruption, but they were ineffective. This statement is false. The Reform Era of policing was part of the Progressive Era, which ran from the late 19th century to the 1920s and focused on social and political reform.

Three eras in American police history can be distinguished: the Political Era, the Reform Era, and the Community Era. During the Political Era of policing, which ran from 1840 to 1930, many American communities created their own police forces.

The 1980s saw the beginning of the police's Community Era, which is still going strong today. Police who care about the area take action to prevent crime.

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The evolution of attitudes towards developmental psychology, early childhood education, and cultural diversity can be seen throughout Sesame Street's history.

It was the first television programme of its kind to have a curriculum that was "detailed or stated in terms of measurable outcomes" and to base its production standards and content on laboratory and formative research.

In order to "master the addictive qualities of television and do something good with them," they set out to produce a children's television programme that would assist young viewers in getting ready for school.

The newly established Children's Television Workshop (CTW) was awarded a combined $8 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation following two years of research.

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Answer:

B. Poor children are more likely to die from fires than other children.

Poor children are five times as likely to die from fires

Explanation:

Hope this helps.

In order for family-managed businesses to survive and prosper, management guru Peter Drucker advises them to fill at least one key position with a non-family member. The correct option is c.

In a family-run business, hiring family members could sometimes be problematic, and it is necessary to have non-family members to reduce and control any chaos that could arise in such cases. It is an important aspect of family business management to include non-family members.

The significance of non-family members in a family-run business is that they bring in new talent, an unbiased perspective, expertise, knowledge, and skills to the business that are not present in the family members. In other words, they bring in new ideas, innovation, and are more objective in their decisions.

Besides, non-family members could act as a mediator between family members and maintain objectivity in decision-making. They could keep family politics and emotions in check and also provide a fresh perspective that could benefit the business.

To sum up, filling at least one key position with a non-family member is a key aspect of family business management as it brings in new talent, unbiased perspective, expertise, knowledge, skills, and objectivity that could benefit the business in the long run.

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The griot profession has been a part of West African culture for a very long time and is hereditary.

The responsibility of the griots is to maintain the genealogies, historical tales, and oral traditions of their people; praise songs are also a part of the griot's repertoire. The kora is a long-necked, 21-stringed harp instrument that is played by many griots.

Griots have acted as ambassadors and advisors in addition to being their people's principal storytellers. Its consultative and diplomatic functions have slightly lessened throughout the ages, but their attractiveness as entertainment has grown.

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The statement about reinforcement that is true is "positive reinforcement increases behavior, while negative reinforcement decreases it.

"Explanation:Reinforcement is the process of increasing the likelihood of behavior that occurs in response to a stimulus or situation. Reinforcement can be positive or negative.

Positive reinforcement is adding something to increase the likelihood of behavior, while negative reinforcement is removing something to increase the likelihood of behavior.

Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement both increase behavior. In contrast, punishment is the process of decreasing the likelihood of behavior that occurs in response to a stimulus or situation.

Primary reinforcers are effective at increasing behavior, and food is an example of a primary reinforcer.

Secondary reinforcers, such as money, can become reinforcing when they are paired with primary reinforcers. Reinforcement can occur in many settings, not just in laboratories, but in natural settings as well.

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Amber tends to be individualistic and prefers to do things her own way. She lives on her own and decides for herself what she wants to do or how to do things. The type of self-concept that describes Amber is an individualistic self-concept.

An individualistic self-concept is a view of oneself that focuses on personal characteristics and accomplishments, rather than social context or group membership. An individualistic self-concept is a psychological construct that allows a person to define their self-concept based on personal attributes and their perceived accomplishments rather than group memberships.A person with an individualistic self-concept may describe themselves as a "free spirit," "independent," or "self-reliant." People with an individualistic self-concept have a strong sense of self, are confident in their abilities, and often make decisions based on their own preferences, rather than the preferences of others.

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Pyromania is a type of impulse control disorder that involves an uncontrollable urge to start fires. It is a mental health disorder that often co-occurs with other mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and substance abuse.

People with pyromania are often driven by stress, anger, or other emotions, and they use fire as a way to cope with their emotions. People with pyromania may start fires for various reasons, such as to express their anger, to relieve tension, to feel a sense of power or control, or to simply enjoy watching the fire.

Pyromania is a dangerous and potentially life-threatening behavior that can result in serious physical, emotional, and legal consequences. It is important to recognize the signs of pyromania and seek professional help, such as counseling and therapy, to prevent further harm.

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