Most point mutations are harmless because the majority of the genetic code is non-coding, meaning that it does not contain instructions for making proteins.
Point mutations that occur in non-coding regions of the DNA will not affect the function of the proteins that are produced, and therefore, will not cause any harm.
Additionally, point mutations that occur in coding regions can sometimes result in a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein, but the change may not be significant enough to alter the protein's function. For example, a point mutation that changes one amino acid in a protein's sequence may not disrupt the protein's structure or function. This is known as a silent mutation.
Furthermore, some point mutations can even be beneficial by providing a selective advantage. For example, a point mutation that changes a codon for an amino acid to one that codes for a different amino acid but still allows the protein to function properly.
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Sooo “Drakes” are dragons and it was in a virtual lab and this is about meiosis. I don’t really know how to answer this because I had trouble with the assignment. Could someone plzzz help me? DONT give links and if u answer with a detailed answer, i’ll give u the crown!!! ✨✨
Answer:
ok, I'm gonna answer this as best as I can. basically, offspring don't look exactly like either parents because half of their genetic makeup comes from the mom, the other from the dad. and the genetics from each parent are always different for each sibling. the certain features each parent gives to their offspring are random. if one parent had a dominant trait for one feature, and the other parent has a recessive, the dominant overrides the recessive and the dominant trait is the phenotype (physical appearance). just because an offspring doesn't have the phenotype of a certain trait doesn't mean they don't have the genotype (the trait's gene) and that they can't. pass it onto their offspring in the future. I hope that makes sense, I tried my best! kinda hard to explain because I'm only 14 and just learned this stuff this year haha.
need help asap
question 23
- 20 points
Answer:a
Explanation:
See here
Why do cells need to have a high surface area relative to their total volume?
Smaller single-celled creatures have a high surface area to volume ratio, which enables them to rely on waste removal and oxygen diffusion to thrive. This method can be more successful if the objects have a larger surface area to volume ratio.
What is high surface area?Material with a large surface area acts as an active species' support or catalyst. Precipitation, sol-gel, or flame methods are frequently used to synthesize them. A flexible option is "exotemplating," which uses porous carbon matrices as a hard template, for example.
What is carbon with a high surface area?NaOH at a temperature of 7000C produces activated carbon with a large surface area of around 2400 m2/g . But only irregular materials and irregular intercalation processes may be activated by NaOH [21]. Activated carbon used for this investigation, however, must have a high porosity level.
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PLEASE HELP ME how do wildfires create conditions that can lead to mudslides?
Answer:
Fires lead to mudslides because burning can kills the plants' roots. Roots hold soil together, stabilizing the land and making it less likely to be swept away
What action would you recommend to the point guard?
a) Eat a sandwich
b) Eat something salty
c) Drink lots of water
d) Drink a maltose sports drink
Please answer I really need help
Answer:
1. Homeostasis.
2. Cell membrane.
3. Semi-permeable.
4. Passive transport
5. Osmosis.
6. Facilitated diffusion.
7. Active.
8. Endocytosis.
9. Exocytosis.
10. Protein pumps.
Explanation:
A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature.
A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.
Generally, cells have the ability to independently replicate themselves.
In a cell, the "workers" that perform various functions or tasks for the survival of the living organism are referred to as organelles.
In order for cells to function properly and stay alive, they must be in a state of equilibrium known as homeostasis.
Homeostasis can be defined as a process through which a living organism maintains a steady or stable physical, internal and chemical environment that is ideal to enhance life and proper functionality.
One way that cells maintain balance is by transporting material in and out of a cell; the cell membrane is the organelle that is responsible for regulating this process. The cell membrane is called semi-permeable which means that the membrane will allow some materials to enter/exit the cell while preventing others. Thus, it is the wall of the cell and typically controls what leaves and enters the cell.
Some materials can easily move across the cell membrane without requiring energy, this is called passive transport and includes diffusion and osmosis, the diffusion of water. Another type of passive transport requires a protein to move larger molecules such as glucose across the cell membrane. This is called facilitated diffusion.
Other particles require energy to move across the membrane because they move against the concentration gradient and against homeostasis; this type of movement is called active transport. An example of active transport is endocytosis where vesicles are formed to move large particles into the cell and exocytosis where vesicles move large particles out of the cell.
This ultimately implies that, exocytosis is a process in which living organisms release or expel large amount of unwanted material through the use of vesicles. Vesicles are cell organelles that ensure materials are properly transported to the right and exact location.
Additionally, exocytosis is a process initiated by the Golgi apparatus because it prepares the material for export by chemically tagging them.
Protein pumps are another example of active transport that moves ions against the concentration gradient using a protein.
How does genetic engineering make producing insulin easier compared to when insulin was produced through using a cow pancreas?
Answer:
It reduces allergic reactions
Explanation:
Insulin could be obtained from animals. This insulin is extracted from animals and then purified for use on humans.
However, genetically engineered insulin is produced by genetically modified bacteria. The advantage of this method of producing insulin is that it yields pure insulin with less allergic reactions in humans.
Which of the following types of models could be used to represent a cell?
a
idea model
b. physical model
С. computer model
d all of the above
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
ΟΟΟΟ
Answer:
I would say D- all of the above.
Explanation:
What phenomenon leads to calico pigmentation in female cats?
In cats, the genes for coat pigmentation are X-linked, resulting in an orange or black coat color depending on which copy of the X chromosome each cell has activated. X inactivation occurs only in cells with multiple X chromosomes. This characterize why almost all calico cats are female.
Known for their distinctive black, orange, and white coat patches, the calico cat is an example of a genetic process known as "lionization." Because calico cats have a genetic condition called spotting. Mottled animals have white skin or patches of white fur. This is controlled by genes that affect the ability of skin cells to produce the pigments responsible for color.
The X chromosome determines a cat's color, and female cats, like all female mammals, have two X chromosomes, but male mammals, including the common male cat, have an X chromosome and a Y chromosome.
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If a neurosurgeon directly stimulated parts of your somatosensory cortex, which of the following would you most likely experience
If a neurosurgeon directly stimulates the somatosensory cortex, the most likely experience would be the sense of being touched.
Somatosensory cortex is the part of the brain involved in receiving and processing of the information received from the senses of the body like touch, pain, temperature, etc. The region of the brain where the cortex is present in the parietal lobe.
Senses are the specialized organs of the body that make the individual aware of its surroundings. These senses act as receptors that receive the information from an external stimuli. There are 5 types of senses in human body: touch, vision, hearing, smell and taste.
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What will the offspring look like if you crossed a tall pea plant TT with a short one TT )?
If you crossed a tall pea plant TT with a short one TT all the offspring will be tall.
Dominance is the phenomena in genetics where one allele (variant) of a gene on one copy of a chromosome obscures or overrides the impact of another allele (variant) of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. [1][2] Dominant refers to the first variant, and recessive to the second.
In both Mendelian inheritance and traditional genetics, dominance is a crucial idea.
No allele or its features are inherently dominant (phenotype). One allele of a given gene may be dominant over a second allele of the same gene, recessive to a third allele, and co-dominant with a fourth allele; the relationship between two alleles of a given gene of any function is strictly relative.
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Mesosaurus was a freshwater reptile whose fossil was found in the northwest part of South America and __________. Alfred Wegener used the placement of this fossil as scientific proof of his continental drift theory.
Mesosaurus was a freshwater reptile whose fossil was found in the northwest part of South America and the southeast part of Africa Alfred Wegener used the placement of this fossil as scientific proof of his continental drift theory .
Alfred Wegener amassed a plethora of data to back up his idea, including geological "fit" and fossil evidence. It is crucial to note that Wegener did not present the following particular fossil data to support his claim.
Wegener did not gather the fossils, but he drew attention to the concept of utilizing scientific documents saying that there were remains of species extant on several continents to support his argument.
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In the past 150 years, co, emissions have risen by nearly 50%. What has dramatically increased during this time that has led to this
increase in CO,?
Answer:
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Explanation:zdfbadadfadfa
A major point of understanding natural selection is that not all organisms in a
population get to reproduce. Consider the term fitness is used in biology. How does
this term relate to natural selection?
Answer:
Fitness enable organism to survive in the particular environment.
Explanation:
Fitness of organisms is the characteristics which able the organisms to survive in harsh environmental condition and in the process of natural selection. Organisms which are better suited to their environment will survive and reproduce in that particular environment which leads to increase in the population of the organisms. Organisms having more fitness have more chances to survive in that environment whereas those organisms having lower fitness, can't survive and removed from that environment.
what is a parasitic relationship?
a) one in which one member benefits, and the other is harmed.
b) one in which no members benefit, and none are harmed.
c) one in which one member benefits, and the other is unharmed.
d) one in which both members derive some benefit.
Mine diagram shows the arrangement of cells inside the leaf of a green pa
contents are shown) which cells normally contain chloroplasts.
a)1 and 2.
b)1 and 4.
c) 2 and 3.
d)2 and 4.
The dorsal and ventral face of the leaf is surrounded by a cuticle secreted by the epidermis. In the middle, there are chlorenchyma and lacunar parenchyma cells. In the ventral face we can also find guard cells. Option D) 2 and 4.
What is leaf anatomy?Usually, in a leaf, we can identify two faces, the dorsal and the ventral ones. Both of them are protected by a dermal system, the epidermis that produces the cuticle.
On the ventral face, we can differentiate the stomata. Stomata are small pores placed in the leaf's surfaces, whose opening is regulated by two guard cells surrounding them.
Among other organelles, guard cells have chloroplasts to photosynthesize.
Inbetween the dorsal and ventral surfaces, we can find the fundamental tissue. This tissue is composed of
palisade parenchyma, known as chlorenchyma ⇒ cylindrical and elongated cells, very close to each other. The Chlorenchima is in charge of photosynthesis.lacunar parenchyma ⇒ short and rounded, with spaces in between. This tissue is related to substances' transport.In the exposed image,
1) Dorsal Epidermis
2) Clorenchima (palisade parenchyma)
3) Ventral Epidermis
4) Guard cells
According to this framework, Clorenchima (palisade parenchyma) and Guard cells have the highest number of chloroplasts.
Option D) is correct. 2 and 4.
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Calculate the discharge of a stream that has a velocity of 300 m/s and is 25 m wide and 3 m deep.
Answer:
Discharge (Q) = Velocity (V) x Area (A)
Q = V x A
Q = 300 m/s x (25 m x 3 m)
Q = 22,500 m³/s
PLEASE IM GONNA FAIL WILL GIVE BRAINLESS
Which of the following is an example of how global warming affects the Earth's
natural systems?
Answer:
Climate change can alter where species live, how they interact, and the timing of biological events, which could fundamentally transform current ecosystems and food webs. Climate change can overwhelm the capacity of ecosystems to mitigate extreme events and disturbance, such as wildfires, floods, and drought.
Explanation:
I really hope this helps!
Tropical rainforests on the equator receive 12 hours of sunlight every day and the temperature
rarely goes about 34°C. Based on what you know about photosynthesis and the information in the graphs above,
explain how this relates to the high biodiversity (lots of plants and animals) found in tropical rainforests.
Due to its proximity to the equator, the tropical region enjoys a hot climate. In this area, the low temperature is 15 °C. The temperature can rise above 40°C in the summertime.
What is rainfall biodiversity?Rainfall is the total volume of water as falls as showers over the period of a week or a month. Rainfall is gathered from a variety of places and periods to estimate it since quantities might differ across sites and times.
What is biodiversity?Including the animals, plants, fungi, and even bacteria—that make up our natural world. These many creatures and species work together in intricate ecosystems resembling webs to maintain equilibrium and sustain life. Biodiversity is necessary for the survival of everything in nature that we depend on, including food, clean water, medicines, and shelter.
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PLEASE TYPE THE RESPONSE Charles Darwin proposed that evolution by natural selection was the basis for the differences that he saw in similar organisms as he traveled and collected specimens in South America and on the Galapagos Islands. A) Explain the theory of evolution by natural selection as presented by Darwin. (6 Marks) B) Each of the following relates to an aspect of evolution by natural selection. Explain TWO of the following. (8 Marks) (i) Convergent evolution and the similarities among species in a particular biome. (ii) Natural selection and the formation of insecticide-resistant insects or antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (iii) Speciation and isolation. (iv) Natural selection and heterozygotes advantage.
According to the theory of evolution by natural selection as presented by Darwin, organisms breed more young than they can withstand in their surroundings.
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is known as natural selection. Animals with heritable traits that favor survival and reproduction will often generate more offspring than their contemporaries given the shortage of resources in nature, increasing the population frequency of such traits across successive generations. Those with more physical capacity to endure, develop into adults, and reproduce.
Darwin started to question if South American species had made it to the Galapagos and had since transformed as a result of climatic adaptation. This notion—that species could alter over time—ultimately inspired Darwin to develop his theory of evolution through natural selection.
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In a transformation experiment, a sample of E. coli bacteria was mixed with a plasmid containing the gene for resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin (ampr). Plasmid was not added to the second sample. Samples were plated on nutrient agar plates, some of which were supplemented with the antibiotic ampicillin. The results of E. coli growth are summarized below. The shaded area represents extensive growth of bacteria; dots represent individual colonies of bacteria. Plates that have only ampicillin resistant bacteria include which of the following?
a. I only
b. III only
c. IV only
d. I and II
Option A, The plasmid containing the amp gene was added to the first sample of E. coli, but not to the second sample. Therefore, only the first sample should contain bacteria that are resistant to ampicillin.
This is represented by the shaded area on the plate I, which indicates extensive growth of bacteria. Plates II, III, and IV do not have any shaded area, meaning that there is no extensive growth, and only dots representing individual colonies of bacteria.
Since the plasmid was not added to the second sample it does not have resistance to the antibiotic. This means that plates III and IV, which contain the antibiotic, will not have any ampicillin-resistant bacteria and thus the answer is a. I only.
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What does Napoleon do to show that he disagrees with Snowball's windmill plans?
Napoleon looks over Snowball's proposals and urinates on them to show his disdain. When Snowball has finished his blueprints, everyone gets together for a big meeting to decide whether to move through with the windmill project.
In Chapter 6, Napoleon asserts that Snowball was responsible for destroying the windmill. Because the reader is aware of the truth while the characters in the book believe Napoleon, this is a dramatic irony. A plot device that foreshadows future events; frequently raises the reader's tension or concern.
Napoleon makes a counterargument, claiming that building the windmill will divert time and resources away from the more important task of supplying food. Snowball is convinced that the windmill will eventually become a labour-saving technology.
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What is common to all organisms?
Answer:
All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. When viewed together, these characteristics serve to define life.
Which occurs just before a volcanic eruption?
Lava flows onto the sides of the volcano.
The expanding gases push magma through the pipe.
A pocket of magma forms beneath the volcano.
New rocks are formed as lava hardens.
Answer:
The expanding gases push magma through the pipe.
Explanation:
The activity that happens before the volcanic eruption is the expanding gases pushing magma through the pipe.
What do you mean by Volcanic eruption?A volcanic eruption may be defined as an activity that is responsible for an opening in the earth's crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases exit.
Before the volcanic eruption, several gases create an extreme pressure that efficiently pushes the magma through the pipe which leads to the flow of lava onto the sides of the volcano.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is B.
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What makes mollusks unique?
The presence of file-like rasping tool called a radula makes mollusks unique. This structure helps them to dig algae and other food from rocks or they can even shell of prey.
In general , Mollusks are classified to have soft bodies, and the body is not segmented . Soft body helps to holds the heart, liver, digestive system, and other important organs. Mollusks don't have legs, they have rough tongues with teeth like structure known as radula .
Hence, important distinguishing feature in mollusks is having a hard outer shell. That covers the top of the body and helps to enclose many internal organs. They have distinctive head region, this region have tentacles for sensing and also grasping food.
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Describe at least 4 concepts learned this unit in genetics. Explain why each concept is important. (Digital biology 10th grade)
Transcription and gene regulatory networks. coding and noncoding RNA mechanisms of action and function. protein synthesis are 4 concepts learned this unit in genetics.
What is genetics?
The study of genes and heredity, or how particular characteristics or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence, is known as genetics. A gene is a section of DNA that has the instructions needed to create one or more molecules that support bodily function. A double helix, or corkscrew-shaped ladder, is how DNA is shaped. The bases are pairs of the four building blocks adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine, and the two ladder rails are referred to as the backbones. The instructions for constructing molecules, the majority of which are proteins, are included in the sequences of these nucleotides. According to researchers, there are around 20,000 genes in humans.
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Help me out with this science question please.
Screens out harmful radiation
Answer:
Explanation:
With the arrival of warm summer weather, states have started to relax their COVID-19 stay-at-home orders. Excited to spend time with family and friends, people are now planning vacations, with one destination remaining a popular choice for many: the beach. However, extra time spent soaking up the sun increases our exposure to harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and raises our risk for developing skin cancer.
July is UV Safety Month. We know that one of the best ways to practice UV safety is to wear sunscreen every day. To help you choose and correctly use the best product for your needs, review the nine facts about sunscreen listed below.
Fact #1: Broad Spectrum Sunscreens are Best
UV radiation from the sun includes two types of harmful rays:
Ultraviolet A (UVA) Rays: Most common; cause premature aging of the skin (e.g., wrinkles)
Ultraviolet B (UVB) Rays: Most dangerous; cause sunburns
Overexposure to both types of rays can cause skin cancer. Sunscreens labeled as “broad spectrum” help protect against the effects of both UVA and UVB rays.
Fact #2: Aim for a Sunscreen with at Least 30 SPF
A sunscreen’s sun protection factor (SPF) indicates how much protection the product offers against UV radiation. Sunscreens with an SPF of at least 30 block 97 percent of the sun’s rays.
Fact #3: No Sunscreen is Waterproof or Sweat Proof
Manufacturers can no longer advertise sunscreens as waterproof or sweat proof. Instead, products are now labeled:
Water Resistant: Effective for up to 40 minutes in water
Very Water Resistant: Effective for up to 80 minutes in water
The AAD recommends reapplying sunscreen every two hours, after getting out of the water, or after sweating.
Fact #4: Children Under Six (6) Months Typically Should Not Wear Sunscreen
Infant skin is more sensitive than adult skin. To protect infants younger than six months, the AAD recommends keeping them in the shade as much as possible; dressing them in protective clothing, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat; and making sure they stay hydrated. If you are still concerned about sun exposure, ask your pediatrician if he/she recommends sunscreen.
Fact #5: Sunscreen is Only One Tool in Your UV Safety Toolbox
There are many ways to reduce your exposure to UV radiation. Experts recommend combining sunscreen use with wearing protective clothing, staying in the shade when possible, and avoiding outdoor activities when the sun is most intense.
Fact #6: Use “Teaspoon and Shot Glass Rule” to Determine How Much Sunscreen to Apply
Many people do not apply enough screen. The “Teaspoon and Shot Glass Rule” recommends using one teaspoon of sunscreen to cover the face and neck, and enough sunscreen to fill a shot glass — approximately one ounce — to cover all other exposed areas on the body.
Fact #7: Sunscreen Expires
According to the AAD, the FDA requires all sunscreens to retain their original strength for at least three years. Many sunscreens include an expiration date printed on the label. Visible changes in color or consistency can also indicate that it is time to dispose of the product.
Fact #8: Spray-On Sunscreens Are Convenient, But Not Always Effective
The AAD explains that current FDA regulations on testing and standardization do not apply to spray-on sunscreens. Individuals who want to use spray-on sunscreen should make sure to use an adequate amount, rubbing it in to thoroughly cover all areas of exposed skin.
Fact #9: Sunscreen is Safe to Use
Some recent news stories have called into question the safety of the ingredients used in sunscreens, but sunscreen remains completely safe to use and is recommended by all health care professionals. Read more about this in our blog post titled “Is Sunscreen Safe?”
Learn More: How NFCR is Advancing Skin Cancer Treatment
Research conducted by the National Foundation for Cancer Research’s (NFCR) scientists Danny R. Welch, PhD; Paul Fisher, MPh, PhD; Web Cavenee, PhD; and Helmut Sies, M.D., continues to play a critical role in our understanding of this complex disease, including potential advances in treatments for melanoma — the most dangerous type of skin cancer.
To learn more about skin cancer research supported by NFCR, please visit our Skin Cancer webpage.
What are the four reasons why Mendel choose garden pea for his experiment?
Mendel chose garden pea for his experiment because they have shorter life span, are bise-xual, self pollinating and have visible physical characteristics.
Mendel conducted a lot of experiments during his study in genetics. He considered garden pea ideal for his experiments for a number of reasons. The first reason being that garden pea has a short life span and because of this they are able to grow very quickly and are easy to maintain. The second reason is that they have visible physical characteristics which makes them easy to observe and study.
The other two reasons being that garden peas have bise-xual flowers and because of this, these garden peas are self-pollinating. They do not need another plant for pollination and can also easily cross pollinate.
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