8. THE FIRST AMENDMENT TELLS THE GOVERNMENT TO KEEP ____ ___ RELIGION​

In the 1840s, the United States saw a brief period of substantial expansion for a number of reasons. Economic volatility both domestically and internationally was one of the causes. The perceptions of Americans about their nation and its position in the globe was another factor. Many Americans disliked slavery and did not want it to spread to new lands, which was one internal barrier. The opposition of other nations, including Mexico, was one external barrier. Because it involved taking land from Native Americans without their permission, expansionism in the 1840s can be seen as departing from Locke's political theory.

States acquiring more territory through colonization, or the establishment of military empires are said to as expanding. In the classical era of conquest, moral justification for territorial expansion at the expense of another established polity—which frequently endured displacement, subjugation, slavery, and execution—was frequently as unrepentant as "because we can"—treading on the axiom that might makes right.

More complicated justifications emerged as political conceptions of the nation state developed, particularly in relation to the inherent rights of the governed. When the express objective is to retake lost or ancestral territory, state-collapse anarchy, reunification, or pan-nationalism are occasionally used to explain and legitimize expansionism.

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Answer:

The steam engine played a significant role in the growth of the industrial economy in the North, particularly during the early 19th century. The invention of the steam engine revolutionized manufacturing and transportation by making it possible to use steam power to drive machines and locomotives.

One of the key ways that the steam engine influenced the growth of the industrial economy was by increasing the efficiency and productivity of factories. The steam engine could power machinery that could produce goods at a much faster rate than manual labor. This led to the growth of large-scale manufacturing and the establishment of factories throughout the North.

The steam engine also had a significant impact on transportation. Steam-powered locomotives made it possible to transport goods and people quickly and efficiently over long distances. This led to the development of a national market for goods and raw materials, which further stimulated economic growth.

In addition, the steam engine played a key role in the expansion of the coal and iron industries. Coal was needed to fuel the steam engines, and iron was needed to build the machines and equipment used in factories and transportation. The increased demand for coal and iron led to the growth of mining and related industries, which contributed to the overall expansion of the economy.

Overall, the steam engine played a crucial role in the growth of the industrial economy in the North. It increased the efficiency and productivity of factories, stimulated the growth of transportation and national markets, and contributed to the expansion of key industries such as coal and iron.

The cashier in the passage is part of the household element in the circular flow of goods. The correct answer is option c.

The household element represents individuals and families who consume goods and services and provide resources in the form of labor, capital, and land.

In this case, the cashier is using her wages to purchase groceries and pay bills, which is a form of consumption. She is also providing her labor as a resource to the business, which is the supermarket. The supermarket, in turn, is part of the product market element, which is where goods and services are bought and sold.

The local restaurants that purchase vegetables from the supermarket are also part of the product market, as they are buying goods to use in their own businesses. Overall, the circular flow of goods illustrates how households, businesses, and product markets are interconnected and interdependent.

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Answer:

Stephen Hawking was a British theoretical physicist and cosmologist who was one of the most brilliant minds of the 20th and early 21st centuries. He was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England, and died on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76. Hawking was known for his groundbreaking work on the physics of black holes, the origins of the universe, and the nature of space and time. He also gained widespread fame for his popular science books, such as "A Brief History of Time", which made complex concepts accessible to a general audience. Despite being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a motor neuron disease, at the age of 21, Hawking continued to work and make significant contributions to the field of physics throughout his life.

Explanation:

1. American culture placed a high value on the accumulation of wealth and financial success, which may have influenced Alexis de Tocqueville's claim that Americans sought the value of everything in terms of money.

2. Wealthy people have greater access to political power and can influence government policies, leading to policies that benefit the wealthy at the expense of the poor and middle class.

3. The U.S. government has a responsibility to provide for the well-being of its citizens, but policies and regulations often prioritize economic growth and financial success.

The combination of natural disasters, high taxes and rents, and state demands for labor and military service often sparked peasant rebellions in China.

We know how massive the population of China is and so its employment opportunities. But during the time of natural disasters, the country undergoes much economic crisis.

The crisis is so big that the tax rates go high and it causes problems for the citizens. Recently we have seen this condition during Covid-19.

The condition of the citizens was so bad that they were ready to sacrifice their health and work out. Likewise, the peasant also faced problems during state demands for labor.

During the time of state demands for labor and military service people were forced to be part of it with no income in return although they were promised that their rights will be secured.

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The government's laissez-faire approach have on large corporations prevented monopolies and trusts. So the option c is correct.

Since 1950, the government has used a variety of methods to try to reduce the inequality faced by African Americans. One way has been through the use of laissez-faire policies. This means that the government has refrained from intervening in the economy or regulating large corporations.

At the same time, the government has implemented a number of programs designed to promote economic equality for African Americans. These have included the introduction of civil rights legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968. So the option c is correct.

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George Washington industries manufactured ships and airplanes used in war contribute to the nation's World War I efforts.

The need for raw commodities like timber and agricultural goods throughout the war altered the state's economy and workforce. In 1917, the war prompted the establishment of what is now Joint Base Lewis-McChord. Throughout the conflict, more than 60,000 soldiers passed through the site, according to State Sen

Despite his lack of prior experience leading huge, traditional military forces, his leadership presence and bravery managed to keep the American soldiers together for long enough to secure victory at Yorktown and freedom for his new nation.

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Individual ownership of resources is to private individuals. As government ownership is to state government.

Nationalisation refers to the process through which a government buys assets such as machinery, factories, railways, and so on. Nationalised industries are those that are 'publicly' or state-owned.

Private ownership refers to the ownership of companies, firms, and other assets such as houses, railways, or coal plants by private individuals or organizations rather than the state.

When a corporation is privately owned, it is not publicly traded. This means that the company will not have a share structure (as it would if it were public) to raise financing and additional resources. Small family-owned firms and other SME's are examples of private companies.

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The source of a map is crucial in understanding its accuracy, objectivity, and purpose. A map's source can greatly influence interpretations as it determines the creator's intentions, biases, and the data collection methods used. First, consider the credibility of the source. Maps created by reputable organizations, such as government agencies or research institutions, are more likely to be accurate and reliable.

Second, the creator's intentions and biases can affect the map's presentation. For example, a political organization may create a map that highlights specific regions or issues in a way that supports its agenda. This can lead to selective or distorted information, affecting the interpretation of the map.

Third, data collection methods play a significant role in the accuracy and comprehensiveness of a map. A source that uses outdated or imprecise methods may produce a map with errors or omissions, which can mislead users.

In conclusion, understanding the map's source is vital for interpreting its contents accurately. By considering the credibility of the source, the creator's intentions and biases, and the data collection methods used, users can better assess the reliability and accuracy of a map and its implications.

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Answer:

John Locke's Second Treatise of Government

Serious economic problems can create a sense of desperation and hopelessness among people, making them more receptive to radical ideas that promise radical change.

This is because, in times of economic hardship, people often feel that the existing economic and political systems have failed them, and they become more willing to entertain new and unconventional ideas. Radical ideas may offer a sense of hope and the possibility of a better future, even if they are extreme or unconventional.

Moreover, radical ideas often propose fundamental changes to the existing economic and political systems, which can be seen as more appealing when the existing systems have failed to deliver prosperity and stability.

Overall, serious economic problems can increase people's willingness to listen to radical ideas as they seek solutions to their problems and a brighter future.

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Answer:

B. The law allowed these two new territories to vote on whether or not to allow slavery.

Explanation:

The controversies of the Kansas-Nebraska act began when the voting commenced to allow or abolish slavery in these territories. Many people that were pro-slavery went into the states and voted for slavery to be legal. This action caused the election to allow slavery in Kansas. Many abolitionists (people who were against slavery) felt the election was unfair due to the cheaters who visited the state just to cast the vote in favor of slavery.

Economic policies and of president dwight Presidents Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower shared a dedication to stopping the development of communism in their foreign policies.

Truman and Eisenhower adopted measures meant to restrain the influence of the Soviet Union and its allies because they both believed that the United States had a duty to stop the development of communism.

The Truman Doctrine, which offered military and economic aid to nations threatened by communism, and the Marshall Plan, which offered assistance to rebuild Western Europe after World War II, served as the cornerstones of Truman's foreign policy. By actions like the policy of "massive retribution," which promised to use nuclear weapons in reaction to any Soviet aggression, Eisenhower pursued this containment strategy.

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If there is a conflict between state and federal laws, the federal law takes precedence. The correct option is c.

Federal law is the highest law in the land, according to the Supremacy Clause of the U.S. Constitution. Accordingly if there is a conflict between a state's law and a federal law, the federal law will prevail. This rule aims to ensure that federal laws are applied consistently throughout the nation and to stop states from passing legislation that contradicts federal law.

The federal government may use its authority to preempt state laws or to enforce federal laws in situations where there is a conflict between state and federal laws. The federal courts, including the Supreme Court will ultimately decide whether to do either of these things. The correct option is c.

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Jefferson is described as an open-minded, pleasant, and clever man by Banneker.

Banneker shows his open nature by stating how he discovered the free nature through which Jefferson has exhibited inflexibility in his attitudes about black people.

Jefferson corresponds with luminaries from all over the world, but Banneker stands out: the son of a free Black American woman and an once-slaved African man from Guinea, Banneker criticizes Jefferson's preposterous stance on slavery in respectful but unambiguous terms, drawing on Jefferson's own words.

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Answer:

D.60,000

Explanation:

Paraguay began the war with over 60,000 trained men—38,000 of whom were already under arms—400 cannons, a naval squadron of 23 steamboats (vapores) and five river-navigating ships (among them the Tacuarí gunboat).

During the assassination of Lincoln, it was David Herold who fetched shooting irons

Before becoming president, Lincoln spent many years in politics. He was one of the most well-known US presidents. David Herold was the person who brought "shooting irons" and other supplies for John Wilkes Booth, the murderer of Abraham Lincoln, during the crime. On the night of the murder, Booth's co-conspirator Herold had gone to Ford's Theatre with him.

Following Booth's assassination of Lincoln, he jumped onto the stage and fled the theatre through the back door, where Herold was waiting for him with horses and supplies. After leaving the city, they continued on the run but were finally discovered and taken prisoner by Union forces.

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The Philippines' location in the Western Pacific Ocean makes it prone to typhoons and tropical storms, which can cause flooding and landslides. On the other hand, the country's location in the tropics means it enjoys a warm climate and plenty of sunshine. The Philippines is also located within the path of the "Ring of Fire," making it prone to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.

Before writing the article, research and gather facts about the topic. Then, create an outline that includes the headline, the lead, the body, and the conclusion. The headline should be brief and eye-catching, while the lead should summarize the most important information in a compelling way. The body should provide additional details and quotes from sources, while the conclusion should summarize the article and provide any additional information.

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The major character in the Mapp v Ohio court case was Dollree Mapp, who was convicted for possessing obscene materials. The other major character was the state of Ohio, which prosecuted Mapp.

A little child is relating the tale of his hopeless life as well as the depressing tales of other chimney sweeper lads in "The Chimney Sweeper." The young youngster tells how his mother died when he was still a very young child.

The majority of the time, these kids passed away from either lung injury or other terrible illnesses brought on by breathing in soot hopeless

In the earlier poem, a young The Chimney Sweeper describes a dream that one of his friends had in which an angel took the boys from their coffins and carried them to a sunny meadow; in the later poem, an apparently adult speaker comes across a child chimney sweeper.

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One of the most effective developments in reducing the economic inequalities of some social groups has been the implementation of affirmative action policies. These policies were designed to address historical and systematic discrimination against marginalized groups by providing them with equal opportunities for employment, education, and other areas of life.

Affirmative action has helped to level the playing field for women, people of colour, and other groups who have traditionally been excluded from certain industries or sectors due to discriminatory practices.

Additionally, programs such as progressive taxation, welfare programs, and minimum wage laws have also played a significant role in reducing economic inequalities by providing support to those who are struggling to make ends meet.

Overall, it is important to recognize that reducing economic inequalities is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach that includes both policy and cultural shifts towards greater equality and inclusion.

There have been various developments that have played a role in reducing the economic inequalities of some social groups over time. However, one development that has been particularly effective in this regard is the implementation of affirmative action policies.

Affirmative action refers to policies that are designed to address past discrimination by giving preferential treatment to individuals who belong to disadvantaged or historically underrepresented groups.

These policies have been implemented in various areas, such as education and employment, and have helped to reduce economic inequalities by providing greater access to opportunities for those who have been traditionally marginalized.

For example, in the United States, affirmative action policies in higher education have helped to increase the enrollment of underrepresented minority students in colleges and universities. This has led to more diverse student bodies and has provided greater access to higher education for those who may not have had the same opportunities otherwise.

Similarly, affirmative action policies in employment have helped to increase the representation of women and minority groups in the workforce. This has provided greater access to high-paying jobs and has helped to reduce economic inequalities by providing more opportunities for advancement.

While there has been debate and controversy surrounding affirmative action policies, there is evidence to suggest that they have been effective in reducing economic inequalities for some social groups.

By providing greater access to opportunities, affirmative action has helped to level the playing field and provide a more equal chance for all individuals to succeed.

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The North and the South had distinct economic, population, and industrial differences.

In terms of economics, the North had a more diverse economy, with a focus on industry and manufacturing, while the South's economy was heavily reliant on agriculture, particularly cotton. The North had a larger population, which was more diverse, with many immigrants coming to the region for work.

In contrast, the South had a smaller population, with a significant portion being enslaved Africans. The industries in the North were more varied, including textiles, shipping, and banking, while the South's industries were focused on agriculture and the production of raw materials such as tobacco and sugar.

These regional differences ultimately led to political tensions and contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War.

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The words that describe the medieval empires of West Africa are wealthy, strong, and powerful.

During the medieval period, West Africa was home to several influential and prosperous empires, including the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, and the Songhai Empire. These empires amassed wealth through extensive trade networks, particularly in gold, salt, and other valuable commodities.

The wealth of these empires allowed them to maintain strong and powerful armies, which they used to protect their territories and expand their influence.

The strong leadership and effective governance of these empires also contributed to their strength and power. They had well-organized administrative systems, which enabled them to manage vast territories and diverse populations.

As a result, they were able to create stable and unified political entities that could withstand internal and external challenges.

In summary, the medieval empires of West Africa can be described as wealthy, strong, and powerful due to their extensive trade networks, strong armies, and effective governance. These attributes allowed them to thrive and exert significant influence during the medieval period.

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Answer: The following contributed to the confident atmosphere of Renaissance England and the rebirth of secular drama:

England's increase in commercial power

England's defeat by the Spanish Armada

Note: Diminished confidence in Elizabeth I's Protestantism's rise over Catholicism is not a contributing factor to the confident atmosphere of Renaissance England and the rebirth of secular drama.

Explanation: