Answer: [He] 2s2 2p3
Explanation: im himithy
an acid and base react to form a salt and water in a(n) reaction. group of answer choices oxidation ionization neutralization reduction dissociation
An acid and a base react, to form salt and water in a neutralization reaction. The correct answer is neutralization.
Neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction that takes place when an acid and a base are mixed, resulting in the creation of a neutral solution, a salt, and water. The acid and base cancel each other out, producing a solution that is neither acidic nor basic.
An example of a neutralization reaction is the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, which creates salt and water as the only products.
The reaction can be represented as follows:
[tex]HCl[/tex] + [tex]NaOH[/tex] →[tex]NaCl[/tex] + [tex]H_2O[/tex]
An acid is a compound that contains hydrogen ions[tex](H^+)[/tex] and can dissolve in water to produce a sour taste.
Bases are chemical substances that generate hydroxide ions [tex](OH^-)[/tex] when dissolved in water.
Salt is a compound that can be formed by combining an acid and a base. Therefore, "neutralization" is the correct answer.
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15 grams of nh3 are placed in a 1.4 liter container with no reactant present. at equilibrium 7.91 g of nh3 are present. find the equilibrium constant, kc.
The equilibrium constant, Kc, is 2.93 x 10^-4.
The balanced equation for the reaction is;
NH₃ (g) ⇌ ½ N₂ (g) + 3/2 H₂ (g)
The equilibrium expression for the reaction is;
Kc = ([N₂[tex]]^{(1/2)}[/tex] [H₂[tex]]^{(3/2)}[/tex]) / [NH₃]
We are given the initial and equilibrium concentrations of NH₃. The change in NH₃ concentration is;
Δ[NH₃] = [NH₃]equilibrium - [NH₃]initial = 7.91 g/L - 15 g/L = -7.09 g/L
Since NH₃ is a reactant, its concentration decreases at equilibrium. Therefore, we can assume that the reaction proceeds in the forward direction, and that the concentration of N₂ and H₂ at equilibrium are both equal to x.
Using the ideal gas law, we can find the concentration of NH3 at equilibrium; PV = nRT
n/V = P/RT
[n(NH₃)]equilibrium = (P/RT) x V
[n(NH₃)]initial = (P/RT) x V
Substituting the values, we get;
[n(NH₃)]equilibrium = (1 atm / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K x 298 K)) x 1.4 L = 0.0652 mol/L
[n(NH₃)]initial = (1 atm / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K x 298 K)) x 1.4 L = 0.0652 mol/L
Using the balanced equation, we can relate the concentration of NH3 to the concentrations of N₂ and H₂.
[NH₃]initial = 0.0652 mol/L
[N₂]equilibrium = [H₂]equilibrium = x
[N₂]initial = [H₂]initial = 0 mol/L
Substituting into the equilibrium expression, we get;
Kc = ([N₂[tex]]^{(1/2)}[/tex] [H₂[tex]]^{(3/2)}[/tex]) / [NH₃]
Kc = ([tex]X^{(1/2)}[/tex] [tex]X^{(3/2)}[/tex]) / (0.0652 - 7.09x10⁻³)
Kc = 2.93 x 10⁻⁴
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1.2/0.35an athletic trainer is attempting to produce a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution that is at 27% carbohydrates by mass, which is the maximum amount of saturation allowed by her league. a supply company provides solutions that are at 15% and 35% carbohydrates by mass, respectively. based on the equation above, if the trainer uses 10 quarts of the 15% solution, how many quarts of the 35% solution will she need?
The answer is the athletic trainer will need 15 quarts of the 35% carbohydrate solution to achieve a final 27% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution when mixed with 10 quarts of the 15% solution.
To find out how many quarts of the 35% solution the athletic trainer needs, we can set up a weighted average equation using the given information:
27% = (15% * 10 quarts + 35% * x quarts) / (10 quarts + x quarts)
Step 1: Convert the percentages to decimals by dividing by 100.
0.27 = (0.15 * 10 + 0.35 * x) / (10 + x)
Step 2: Distribute the denominator to both sides of the equation.
0.27(10 + x) = 0.15 * 10 + 0.35 * x
Step 3: Expand the equation.
2.7 + 0.27x = 1.5 + 0.35x
Step 4: Subtract 0.27x from both sides.
2.7 - 1.5 = 0.35x - 0.27x
Step 5: Simplify the equation.
1.2 = 0.08x
Step 6: Divide by 0.08 to find x.
x = 1.2 / 0.08
x = 15
The athletic trainer will need 15 quarts of the 35% carbohydrate solution to achieve a final 27% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution when mixed with 10 quarts of the 15% solution.
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in a neutralization reaction, which compound is always formed? select the correct answer below: a strong acid a strong base water none of the above
In a neutralization reaction, water is always formed. This is because a neutralization reaction involves the reaction of an acid and a base to form a salt and water.
The acid donates a hydrogen ion (H+) and the base donates a hydroxide ion (OH-) to form water (H+ + OH- -> H2O) and the remaining ions combine to form a salt. The salt formed depends on the specific acid and base used in the reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is: water.
Water is a transparent, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is essential for most forms of life. It is a chemical compound with the formula H2O, meaning it is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, held together by covalent bonds.
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a train that travels 100km for 2 hours
Answer:
The correct distance traveled by the train in 2 hours, if it travels at a speed of 100 km/h, would be 200 kilometers.
Explanation:
Answer:
traveled at a speed of 50mph
Explanation:
100/2 =50
what is the molartiy of ch3cooh in vinegar containing 4.0% ch3cooh by mass and having a desntiy of 1.0s g/ml
The molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar solution is 0.666 M.
to calculate the molarity of acetic acid ch3cooh in vinegar we need to understand the molecular weight of acetic acid which is 6005 gmol first we want to determine the mass of acetic acid present in 1000 grams 1 liter of vinegar we recognize that the density of vinegar is 10 gml so one thousand ml of vinegar would weigh a thousand g since the vinegar contains 40 acetic acid by using mass we can calculate the mass of acetic acid in one thousand g of vinegar as follows
Mass of acetic acid = 4.0% × 1000 g = 40 g
Now we can calculate the number of moles of acetic acid in 1000 g of vinegar:
Number of moles = mass / molecular weight
Number of moles = 40 g / 60.05 g/mol = 0.666 mol
Finally, we can calculate the molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar solution:
Molarity = number of moles / volume in liters
Molarity = 0.666 mol / 1 L = 0.666 M
Therefore, the molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar solution is 0.666 M.
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DUE IN 11 MINS Convert the following to mass in grams1.75 x 1023 atoms Pb
The mass of 1.75 x 10²³ atoms of Pb is approximately 60.1 grams. This will took place in a amount of 11 minutes only.
To convert the given number of atoms of Pb to grams, we need to use the molar mass of Pb.
The atomic mass of Pb is 207.2 g/mol (rounded to one decimal place). This means that one mole of Pb atoms weighs 207.2 grams.
To find the mass of 1.75 x 10²³ atoms of Pb, we can use the following steps:
Calculate the number of moles of Pb atoms in 1.75 x 10²³ atoms:
(1.75 x 10²³ atoms) / (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol) = 0.290 moles
Convert moles to grams using the molar mass of Pb:
0.290 moles x 207.2 g/mol = 60.1 grams
Therefore, 1.75 x 10²³ atoms of Pb is equivalent to 60.1 grams.
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Question - What is the mass, in grams, of 1.75 x 10^23 atoms of lead (Pb), in due of 11 minutes?
it is possible to buy naoh as a liquid that is 19.1 m. if you need 1.00 l of 1.50 m how many millilitres of concentrate do you need to dilute?
We need approximately 78.5 mL of the 19.1 M NaOH concentrate to prepare 1.00 L of a 1.50 M NaOH solution.
To determine the amount of concentrated NaOH solution needed to prepare 1.00 L of a 1.50 M solution, you can use the dilution formula:
M1 × V1 = M2 × V2
Where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the concentrated solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution.
In this student question, we are given the following information:
M1 = 19.1 M (concentration of the concentrated NaOH solution)
M2 = 1.50 M (desired concentration of the diluted NaOH solution)
V2 = 1.00 L (desired volume of the diluted NaOH solution)
We need to find V1 (volume of the concentrated solution needed for dilution). To do this, rearrange the formula:
V1 = (M2 × V2) / M1
Now plug in the given values:
V1 = (1.50 M × 1.00 L) / 19.1 M
V1 ≈ 0.0785 L
Since the question asks for the volume in mili litres, we need to convert litres to mili litres:
0.0785 L × 1000 mL/L ≈ 78.5 mL
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Many plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually. For example, rose bushes reproduce asexually when cuttings planted in the ground grow roots and become a new rose bush. They can also reproduce sexually when their flowers are pollinated. What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction in roses?
The primary advantage of sexual reproduction in roses, and in plants in general, is genetic diversity.
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg cells) from different individuals, which results in offspring that have unique combinations of genetic traits from both parents.
This genetic diversity can provide several advantages to the offspring, such as increased resistance to diseases and pests, adaptability to changing environmental conditions, and the ability to colonize new habitats. Additionally, genetic diversity can lead to the development of new and desirable traits, which can be selected and propagated by breeders to improve the quality of roses and other plants.
While asexual reproduction can provide quick and easy propagation of plants, it results in genetically identical offspring, which can be disadvantageous in terms of their adaptability and resistance to environmental stresses. Therefore, sexual reproduction is an essential process for maintaining the genetic diversity and evolution of plant species, including roses.
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why does hydrogen bonding lead to alpha helices
In terms of the specific question asked, hydrogen bonding leads to alpha helices because it stabilizes the structure of proteins.
Hydrogen bonds can form between the carbonyl and amino groups in a protein backbone, which results in the formation of a helix structure.
This helix structure is the alpha helix, and it is a common protein secondary structure.
The hydrogen bonds that form between the carbonyl and amino groups are responsible for the stability of the alpha helix, and without these hydrogen bonds, the structure would be unstable and could not exist.
Therefore, hydrogen bonding is essential to the formation of alpha helices in proteins.
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a scientist wishes to measure the concentration of methyl benzoate in a plant stream by gas chromatography. he prepares a sample of butyl benzoate to use as an internal standard. the results of a preliminary run, which used a solution known to contain 1.83 mg/ml of methyl benzoate (peak a) and 2.01 mg/ml of butyl benzoate (peak b), are shown. the area of peak a is determined to be 328 and the area of peak b is determined to be 384 measured in arbitrary units by the computer. to measure the sample, 1.00 ml of a standard sample of butyl benzoate containing 2.71 mg/ml is mixed with 1.00 ml of the plant stream material. analysis of the mixture gave a peak area of 477 for peak a and 411 for peak b. what is the concentration of methyl benzoate in the plant stream?
The concentration of methyl benzoate in the plant stream is 1160 µg/mL.
When measuring the concentration of methyl benzoate in a plant stream by gas chromatography, a scientist prepared a sample of butyl benzoate to use as an internal standard. The results of a preliminary run showed that the solution contains 1.83 mg/mL of methyl benzoate and 2.01 mg/mL of butyl benzoate, with peak a area being 328 and peak b area being 384.
To measure the sample, 1.00 mL of a standard sample of butyl benzoate containing 2.71 mg/mL is mixed with 1.00 mL of the plant stream material. The analysis of the mixture gave a peak area of 477 for peak a and 411 for peak b.
Now, let's calculate the concentration of methyl benzoate in the plant stream. We'll start with the ratio of peak areas of peak a to peak b. Peak a's area is to peak b's area as the concentration of methyl benzoate is to the concentration of butyl benzoate.
(328/384) = (x/2.71)
= 0.8542x x
= 2.32 mg/mL.
Finally, we'll find the concentration of methyl benzoate in the plant stream:
2.32 mg/mL x 1 mL/2 mL
= 1.16 mg/mL or 1160 µg/mL.
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What process stops when leaves fall of a tree
Answer: In many ways, leaves have been planning all year for the coming winter by putting away energy and sugars to tide them over the coming winter. With temperatures falling in harvest time, generation of chlorophyll stops and the levels of this chemical inside clears out diminishes.
Explanation:
Answer above
:)
: the melting pointand boiling point can be used to measure the strength of intermolecular forces holding the molecules together. based on the melting and boiling points, which substance do you think has the strongest intermolecular forces? the weakest
Among all the substances used, water possesses the strongest intermolecular forces (hydrogen bonds).
Although hydrogen bonds exist in glycerine and methylated spirits as well, they are a little weaker than in water. Due to its nonpolar nature and minimal London dispersion forces, CH4 (methane) would exhibit the smallest intermolecular forces of attraction.
In particular, a subgroup of dipole-dipole interactions known as hydrogen bonding, which takes place when a hydrogen is in close proximity to (attached to) a very electronegative element, is the strongest intermolecular force (namely oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine).
The relative strength of a material's intermolecular links can be determined by measuring its melting and boiling temperatures; the stronger the intermolecular bonds, the higher the melting temperature of the substance.
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The vapor pressure of water at 80 degrees Celsius is 47.37 kPa. Calculate the vapor pressure in kPa.
Be sure your answer has the right number of significant digits.
The vapor pressure of water at the given temperature is approximately 3.2 kPa.
What is Vapor pressure?
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase at a given temperature in a closed system. It is a measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate and depends on the temperature and the intermolecular forces present in the substance.
The vapor pressure of water at 80°C is given as 47.37 kPa. We can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to calculate the vapor pressure of water at a different temperature:
ln(P2/P1) = (ΔHvap/R) × (1/T1 - 1/T2)
where P1 and T1 are the vapor pressure and temperature at one point, P2 and T2 are the vapor pressure and temperature at another point, ΔHvap is the enthalpy of vaporization, and R is the gas constant.
Assuming that ΔHvap is constant over the temperature range of interest, we can rearrange the equation as follows:
P2 = P1 × exp[(ΔHvap/R) × (1/T1 - 1/T2)]
We can use the known vapor pressure at 80°C and the given temperature to calculate the vapor pressure at the given temperature:
P1 = 47.37 kPa
T1 = 80°C = 353 K
T2 = given temperature = 25°C = 298 K
R = 8.31 J/mol·K (gas constant for SI units)
The enthalpy of vaporization of water is approximately 40.7 kJ/mol.
Plugging in these values gives:
P2 = 47.37 kPa × exp[(40.7 × 10^3 J/mol / (8.31 J/mol·K)) × (1/353 K - 1/298 K)]
P2 ≈ 3.17 kPa
Rounding this to the correct number of significant digits gives:
P2 ≈ 3.2 kPa
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he partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm hg in the blood and 40 mm hg in the alveoli. what happens to the carbon dioxide?
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) is higher in the blood (45 mmHg) than in the alveoli (40 mmHg), indicating that there is a concentration gradient favouring the movement of Carbon dioxide (CO2) from the blood to the alveoli.
Carbon dioxide diffuses from the higher pressure in the blood into the lower pressure in the alveoli across the respiratory membrane, where it can be exhaled out of the body during expiration. This process is known as gas exchange or respiration, and it is crucial for maintaining the proper balance of gases in the body.
The concentration gradient between the blood and the alveoli causes the movement of CO2 from the blood into the alveoli, where it can be exhaled out of the body during respiration. So, as blood reaches the lungs, CO2 diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane into the alveoli, where it mixes with air and is exhaled out of the body during respiration.
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I need help on this!!
A covalent bond will be formed when two atoms are each trying to take each others electrons. Option A
What is a covalent bond?A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. In a covalent bond, two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
The strength of a covalent bond depends on a variety of factors, including the number of shared electrons, the distance between the atoms, and the electronegativity of the atoms involved. Covalent bonds are very strong, and they play a crucial role in the formation of molecules and compounds in chemistry.
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experiment 1: which measurement had the greatest number of significant figures? beaker graduated cylinder all containers produce a meaasurement with the same number of significant figures. erlenmeyer flask
Significant figures are important in scientific measurements because they indicate the precision and accuracy of the measurement, and ensure that calculations and conclusions based on those measurements are valid and reliable.
Significant figures are important in scientific measurements because they indicate the precision or accuracy of a measurement. The number of significant figures in a measurement represents the number of digits that are known with certainty plus one estimated digit.
It is important to use the correct number of significant figures when reporting measurements to ensure that the data is reliable and consistent. Using too few or too many significant figures can lead to incorrect calculations or conclusions. Therefore, scientists must be careful to use the appropriate number of significant figures when measuring and reporting data.
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--The complete question is, What is the importance of significant figures in scientific measurements?--
Mercury (hg) is present in trace amounts in coal, ranging from 50.0 to 200.0 ppb. a typical power plant burns 2.39 million tons of coal
per year. calculate tons of mercury in the coal based on the lower (50.0 ppb) and higher (200.0 ppb) concentrations.
mercury at 50.0 ppb= __ tons hg
mercury at 200.0 ppb= __ tons hg
The amount of mercury at 200.0 ppb is 0.478 tons of mercury.
The amount of mercury at 50.0 ppb is 0.1195 tons of mercury.
The question states that mercury is present in trace amounts in coal, ranging from 50.0 to 200.0 ppb.
A typical power plant burns 2.39 million tons of coal per year.To calculate the amount of mercury at 50.0 ppb, we first need to convert ppb (parts per billion) to tons. We can do this by multiplying the concentration by the total amount of coal burned:50.0 ppb x 2.39 million tons = 0.1195 tons of mercury.
Therefore, the amount of mercury at 50.0 ppb is 0.1195 tons of mercury.To calculate the amount of mercury at 200.0 ppb, we can use the same formula:
200.0 ppb x 2.39 million tons = 0.478 tons of mercury.
Therefore, Overall, to calculate the amount of mercury in coal based on different concentrations, we can use the formula concentration x total amount of coal burned.
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Is the following sentence true or false? The theory of plate tectonics explains the formation, movement, and subduction of Earth’s plates.
Answer:
true.
Explanation:
Earth's lithosphere is broken into plates
Plate tectonics explains how plates move and interact with each other
Plate tectonics theory helps to understand earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountain ranges.
Plate tectonics explains the process of subduction,
Subduction is where one plate is forced under another
One of the plate eventually melts into the mantle
Plate melting recycles Earth's crustal material
a 23.6 ml solution of 0.150 m ch3cooh (aq) is titrated with 0.25 m naoh. how many ml of naoh are needed to reach the half-equivalence point for this titration? express your answer in units of milliliters (ml) using at least three significant figures.
The amount naoh in ml required to reach the half-equivalence point for this titration is calculated to be 7.08 ml.
The half-equivalence point of a titration is reached when half of the acid has reacted with the base. At this point, the moles of acid and base are equal, and we can use this information to calculate the volume of base needed to reach the half-equivalence point.
First, we can calculate the number of moles of acetic acid present in the solution:
moles of CH3COOH = concentration x volume
moles of CH3COOH = 0.150 mol/L x 0.0236 L
moles of CH3COOH = 0.00354 mol
At the half-equivalence point, half of the acetic acid will have reacted, so the number of moles of acetic acid remaining will be:
moles of CH3COOH remaining = 0.00354 mol / 2
moles of CH3COOH remaining = 0.00177 mol
Since the reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide is 1:1, we will need an equal number of moles of sodium hydroxide to react with the remaining acetic acid:
moles of NaOH needed = 0.00177 mol
Finally, we can use the concentration of sodium hydroxide to calculate the volume needed to provide this many moles:
volume of NaOH = moles of NaOH / concentration of NaOH
volume of NaOH = 0.00177 mol / 0.25 mol/L
volume of NaOH = 0.00708 L
volume of NaOH = 7.08 mL
Therefore, the volume of NaOH needed to reach the half-equivalence point is 7.08 mL.
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which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte in aqueous solution? a. ki b. c2h6 (ethane) c. c6h6 (benzene) d. c8h18 (octane) e. ccl4 (carbon tetrachloride)
The substance that is a strong electrolyte in an aqueous solution is KI.
Strong electrolytes are substances that completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, resulting in a solution that can conduct electricity well.
KI is an ionic compound, meaning it is made up of a metal (potassium) and a nonmetal (iodide) that are held together by ionic bonds. When KI is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its ions (K+ and I-), which allows the solution to conduct electricity effectively.
The other options are, b. C2H6 (ethane), c. C6H6 (benzene), d. C8H18 (octane), and e. CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), are all non-electrolytes or weak electrolytes, as they do not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, and their solutions cannot conduct electricity well.
These substances are composed of nonmetal atoms and are held together by covalent bonds.
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The white table _______________ all of the colors of the light spectrum to create white.
absorbs
refracts
reflects
bends
Answer:
reflects
Explanation:
White objects appear white because they reflect all colours to create white. Black objects absorb all colours so no light is reflected.
if i have 4.00 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.60 atm and a volume of 12.0 liters, what is the termperature
The temperature of the gas is 168.96 K.
To calculate the temperature of the gas, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which relates the pressure, volume, amount of substance, and temperature of a gas; PV = nRT
where; P will be the pressure of the gas (in atm)
V is volume of the gas (in L)
n will be the amount of substance of gas (in moles)
R will be the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))
T is the temperature of gas (in K)
We will rearrange the Ideal Gas Law to solve for T;
T = (PV) / (nR)
Put the given values into the formula, we have;
T = (5.60 atm × 12.0 L) / (4.00 mol × 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))
T = 168.96 K
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Think about other kinds of animals living with the zebra on the savanna. How might changes in the availability of resources affect their survival?
Zebras are social animals that live together in groups. They help the local ecosystem by grazing on dry, hardened grass that is too tough for other species (such as wildebeest, ostriches, and antelopes) to digest. Every zebra is important, But habitat loss due to human encroachment, agricultural practices, and livestock grazing remains an issue in the ongoing conservation of this species. These problems seem to be especially prevalent in the southern half of their range and account for much of the recent population decline.
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how many electrons (including bonding electrons) are around the sulfur atom in h2so4 ? in other words, how many valence electrons are in the orbitals of the s atom in this molecule?
According to the Lewis structure of [tex]H_{2} SO_{4}[/tex] each hydrogen has one, and sulfur and oxygen each have 6 valence electrons.
The Lewis Structure can be representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule. The Lewis representation is used to show how the electrons are arranged around individual atoms of a molecule. Electrons in the lewis structure are represented as "dots". This is also known as Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structure and electron dot structures or Lewis electron dot structures.
Valence electrons are defined as the electrons present in the outermost shell or in the energy level of an atom. It is an electron in the outer shell associated with an atom which can participate in the formation of a chemical bond of the molecule.
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In 1–2 sentences, explain how you could find the kinetic energy of a baseball when it hits a window.
Answer: Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion. To calculate the kinetic energy of a baseball when it hits a window, you need to know the mass and velocity of the baseball, as well as the distance it traveled. You can then use Newton's Second Law of Motion (F = m x a) to calculate the acceleration, and then use the equation KE = 0.5 x m x v^2 to find its kinetic energy.
Explanation:
why would the presence of the side product benzalacetone be minimized? b) why would the presence of the side product 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone be minimized?
a) The formation of benzalacetone as a side product may be undesirable because it reduces the yield of the desired product (e.g., if the reaction is intended to produce acetophenone)
Additionally, the presence of benzalacetone may complicate the purification of the desired product, as the two compounds may have similar physical and chemical properties.
b) The formation of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone as a side product may be undesirable because it may affect the properties and functionality of the desired product (e.g., if the reaction is intended to produce a specific ketone).
Additionally, the presence of this side product may complicate the purification of the desired product, as the two compounds may have similar physical and chemical properties. In some cases, the formation of this side product may also indicate an undesired competing reaction pathway that reduces the yield of the desired product.
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9. part e. 1. instead of 6 m nh, being added to the solution, 6 m naoh is added (both are bases) before the addition of the k2c204. what would be the appearance of the solution? explain.
The appearance of the solution may change slightly, depending on the initial color of the solution and the solubility of the products formed.
If 6 M NaOH is added instead of 6 M NH₄OH, the solution would become more basic. NaOH is a stronger base than NH₄OH and therefore would react more strongly with the K₂C₂O₄.
Balanced chemical equation for the reaction between K₂C₂O₄ and NaOH will be;
K₂C₂O₄ + 2NaOH → 2KOH + Na₂C₂O₄ + H₂O
As NaOH is added to the solution, it will react with K₂C₂O₄ forming Na₂C₂O₄, KOH and water. This will result in the production of more hydroxide ions, which will increase the pH of the solution.
However, the increase in pH will be noticeable and the solution may become more cloudy due to the formation of a precipitate of Na₂C₂O₄.
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why does starch test negative in benedict's assay, even though starch contains a reducing group
The starch tests negative in Benedict's assay even though it contains a reducing group, the answer is as follows:Starch tests negative in Benedict's assay even though it contains a reducing group because the reducing group is not exposed due to the molecule's highly branched structure.
Benedict's assay is used to test for reducing sugars, which are monosaccharides or disaccharides that have a free carbonyl group that can reduce copper ions in the reagent to form a red precipitate.
However, the glucose units in starch are joined together by alpha glycosidic bonds, which link the anomeric carbon of one glucose molecule to the hydroxyl group of another glucose molecule, forming a highly branched structure.
This structure makes it difficult for Benedict's reagent to react with the reducing groups in the glucose units, resulting in a negative test.
Therefore, even though starch contains a reducing group, it will not test positive in Benedict's assay due to its highly branched structure that hides the reducing group.
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Suppose 2,560 grams of low-level radioactive waste is buried at a waste disposal site. Assume that 10 grams of radioactive material gives off an acceptable level of radiation and that one half-life is 5.26 years. Write a paragraph in which you explain to townspeople how much time must pass before there is an acceptable ratiation level at the site.
However, keep in mind that 20 mSv per year is the recommended amount for any radiation worker and is still regarded quite safe. This is the most radiation most of us will ever be exposed to.
after 1st half life , remaining sample would be 100/2=50 g
after 2nd half life , remaining sample would be 50/2=25 g
after 3rd half life , remaining sample would be 25/2= 12.5 g
What is a radioactive material's half-life?The half-life of a radionuclide is the amount of time it takes for half of its radioactive atoms to decay. A decent rule of thumb is that you will have less than 1% of the initial quantity of radiation after seven half-lives. Click here to learn more about half life.
A short-term and whole-body dosage would result in rapid sickness, such as nausea and a reduction in white blood cell count, followed by death.
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42.08 years of time must pass before there is an acceptable radiation level at the site.
What is the half-life of a radioactive material?
The half life of a radioactive substance is the period of time during which its mass or number of atoms is decreased to half of what it was initially. The time it takes for a radioactive substance (or half of its atoms) to break down or transform into another substance is commonly used to define half-life.
Radioactivity, as its name suggests, is the act of generating radiation without any external cause. This is accomplished by an atomic nucleus that is unstable for whatever reason and "wants" to surrender some energy in order to change its configuration to one that is more stable.
After first half-life will remain 2560/2 i.e. 1280g of radioactive substance.
After second half-life will remain 1280/2 i.e. 640g
After 3rd half-life will remain 640/2 i.e. 320g
After 4th half-life will remain 160g
After 5th half-life will remain 80g
After 6th, 7th and 8th half-life will remain 40g, 20g and 10g respectively
It takes 8 half-lives to reach acceptable level of radiation i.e. 8*5.26 years
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