Make the indicated corrections in the following gas volumes.(show work)

The pH of the solution after 0.028 moles of Ba(OH)2 are added to 0.62L of the buffer solution containing 0.18M of base B and 0.48M of its conjugate acid BH is 8.89. To calculate the pH, you need to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log ([B]/[BH]).

First, calculate the total moles of B and BH by adding 0.028 moles of Ba(OH)2 to 0.62L of the original buffer solution, then use the equation to calculate the pH. Here are the steps:

1. Calculate the total moles of B and BH after 0.028 moles of Ba(OH)2 are added.

Total moles of B = 0.18 + (0.028 / 2) = 0.194

Total moles of BH = 0.48 + (0.028 / 2) = 0.508

2. Calculate the pH using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

pH = pKa + log ([B]/[BH])

pH = 8.91 + log (0.194/0.508)

pH = 8.89

Therefore, the pH of the solution after 0.028 moles of Ba(OH)

are added to 0.62L of the buffer solution is 8.89.

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Option B, the surface area of the solvent, does not affect the rate of dissolving a solid in a liquid. The rate of dissolving a solid in a liquid is affected by several factors, including temperature, the surface area of the solute, and agitation.

Increasing the temperature of the solvent typically increases the rate of dissolving because it increases the kinetic energy of the solvent molecules, allowing them to interact more effectively with the solute. Increasing the surface area of the solute by breaking it into smaller pieces also increases the rate of dissolving because it provides more surface area for the solvent to interact with. Agitation, such as stirring or shaking, increases the rate of dissolving by keeping fresh solvent in contact with the solute.

However, the surface area of the solvent itself does not affect the rate of dissolving a solid in a liquid because it is the solute that is dissolving into the solvent, not the other way around. Therefore, the surface area of the solvent is not a factor that affects the rate of dissolving.

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The volume of the gas drops from 12.3 L to 8.20 L as the pressure rises from 40.0 mmHg to 60.0 mmHg.

To solve this problem, we can use Boyle's law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional when the temperature and the number of particles are constant. Mathematically, Boyle's law can be expressed as P₁V₁ = P₂V₂, where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume.

Using this formula, we can calculate the final volume of the gas when the pressure is increased from 40.0 mmHg to 60.0 mmHg:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

(40.0 mmHg)(12.3 L) = (60.0 mmHg)(V₂)

Simplifying the equation, we get:

V₂ = (40.0 mmHg)(12.3 L) / (60.0 mmHg) = 8.20 L

Therefore, when the pressure is increased from 40.0 mmHg to 60.0 mmHg, the volume of the gas decreases from 12.3 L to 8.20 L, assuming the temperature and the number of particles remain constant.

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Answer:

It is correct.

Explanation:

The statement “sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride” is correct.

Sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride, which is a type of salt. When sodium and chlorine combine, they form an ionic bond.

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when one atom donates an electron to another atom.

In this case, sodium donates an electron to chlorine, which results in the formation of sodium chloride.

If the H2SO4 formula is understood, the name can be written according to the naming guidelines for acids.

Industrially, sulfuric acid is created when water reacts with sulphur trioxide (see sulphur oxide), which is created chemically by combining oxygen and sulphur dioxide, either through the contact process or the chamber process.

In the process of converting ethanol to ethane, H2SO4 serves as a dehydrating agent. It aids in removing water molecule (more particularly , the -OH group from one carbon and -H from the other carbon) in the following reaction: CH3CH2OH.

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The questions that should be asked before writing the name for H₂SO₄ are options 2, 3, and 5.

These questions are relevant because they provide important clues about the compound's naming conventions and help determine the correct name for H₂SO₄. The suffix "-ic" is commonly used for naming the anions of many acids. The suffixes "-ate" and "-ite" are commonly used for naming the anions of many compounds, including acids.

Hydrogen can act as a cation in some compounds, including acids. Recognizing hydrogen's role as a cation helps determine the appropriate naming conventions for the compound.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the full question is this:

Which question should be asked prior to writing the name for H₂SO₄? Select all that apply.

The order of decreasing pH from highest to lowest is Ba(OH)2 > NaOH > N2H4 > HOCI > HCI.

pH measures how acidic or basic a solution is, based on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. A low pH means a high concentration of H+ ions, making the solution more acidic. A high pH means a low concentration of H+ ions, making the solution more basic or alkaline.

NaOH is a strong base that completely dissociates in water, producing a high concentration of OH- ions and a pH of 14. Ba(OH)2 is also a strong base and produces twice as many OH- ions as NaOH, so it has an even higher pH than NaOH. HOCI is a weak acid partially dissociating in water, producing H+ and ClO- ions. The equilibrium between the two ions determines the pH, which is around 4.5 for a 0.10 M solution.

HCI is a strong acid dissociating completely in water, producing H+ and Cl- ions. Since the concentration of H+ ions is very high, the pH is very low (around 1). N2H4 is a weak base partially dissociating in water, producing NH3 and NH2- ions. The equilibrium between the two ions determines the pH, which is around 8.4 for a 0.10 M solution.

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The density of materials is influenced by the arrangement of their molecules and how well they can pack together. HDPE and LDPE have the same chemical composition, but their densities differ due to differences in their molecular structure.

HDPE has a more linear structure with fewer branches, while LDPE has a more branched structure with more branches. This branching reduces the ability of LDPE molecules to pack together as tightly as HDPE molecules, leading to a lower density for LDPE.

The density of a material can also influence its properties. HDPE, with its higher density, is generally stronger and more rigid than LDPE. It is also less flexible than LDPE, which can bend and deform more easily due to the branching in its molecular structure. LDPE, on the other hand, has better impact resistance than HDPE, meaning it can absorb more energy before breaking.

In addition, HDPE is more resistant to chemicals and has better temperature resistance than LDPE. However, LDPE is more resistant to stress cracking and is more easily processed due to its lower melting point.

In summary, the density of a material is influenced by its molecular structure and packing ability, which can in turn affect its strength, flexibility, and other material properties. HDPE and LDPE, despite having the same chemical composition, have different densities and properties due to differences in their molecular structures.

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11.15 mg/L of lead is present in the sample of potable water.

To calculate the concentration of lead in milligrams per liter (mg/L), we need to convert the volume of the sample from milliliters (mL) to liters (L).

1 L = 1000 mL

Therefore, the volume of the sample in liters is:

1435 mL ÷ 1000 mL/L = 1.435 L

Next, we can use the formula:

Concentration = Amount of solute ÷ Volume of solution

where the amount of solute is given in milligrams (mg) and the volume of solution is given in liters (L).

Substituting the values we have:

Concentration = 16.0 mg ÷ 1.435 L

Concentration = 11.15 mg/L

Therefore, the concentration of lead in the drinking water sample is 11.15 mg/L.

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To calculate the concentration of lead in milligrams per liter, we first need to convert the volume of the sample to liters and the mass of lead to milligrams.

Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin word plumbum) and atomic number 82. It is a soft, dense, bluish-grey metal that is toxic and can cause serious health problems, particularly in children and pregnant women.

Given:

Volume of sample (V) = 1435 mL = 1.435 L

Mass of lead (m) = 16.0 mg

We can use the formula for concentration:

concentration = mass of solute / volume of solution

Substituting the values:

concentration = 16.0 mg / 1.435 L

Simplifying:

concentration = 11.14 mg/L

Therefore, the concentration of lead in the drinking water sample is 11.14 milligrams per liter.

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A proposed structure for the molecule with the molecular formula [tex]C_{9}H_{12}[/tex] , given the spectroscopic data, is 1-methyl-3-propylbenzene.

To propose a structure for a molecule with the molecular formula [tex]C_{9}H_{12}[/tex] and corresponding to the given spectroscopic data, we can follow these steps:

1. Analyze the 1H NMR data:
  - d 6.78 (s, 1H) indicates a single hydrogen on an aromatic or unsaturated carbon.
  - d 2.26 (s, 3H) suggests a methyl group (-CH3).

2. Analyze the 13C NMR data:
  - d 137.7 (no peak in DEPT-135 or DEPT-90) corresponds to a quaternary carbon (no hydrogens attached).
  - d 127.0 (up peaks in both DEPT-135 and DEPT-90) indicates a carbon with one hydrogen attached.
  - d 21.2 (up peak in DEPT-135, no peak in DEPT-90) signifies a methyl carbon.

3. Combine the information:
  - From the 1H NMR, we have one aromatic/unsaturated hydrogen and one methyl group.
  - From the 13C NMR, we have one quaternary carbon, one carbon with a single hydrogen, and one methyl carbon.

4. Propose a structure:
  - The molecule has nine carbons, so it could be an aromatic compound with a six-carbon ring (benzene-like) and three additional carbons.
  - The quaternary carbon could be part of the aromatic ring, and the carbon with a single hydrogen could be connected to the ring and the methyl group.
  - Based on this information, a possible structure is 1-methyl-3-propylbenzene.

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If my lab partner is interested in studying how industrial chemicals pollute the environment, I would recommend him to take specialization in the field of environmental chemistry.

Environmental chemistry is a branch of chemistry of utmost importance as it deals with the various impacts that are caused upon the environment by chemicals  released from industries and day to day activities.

I would recommend my lab partner to take courses of analytical chemistry, physical, inorganic and organic chemistry as well in order to investigate in depths of environmental chemistry. All these fields are needed to be studied in order to study about the occurrence of environmental pollution by industrial chemicals.

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Answer: Fruits contain seeds and develop from the ovaries of flowering plants. The first step in making fruits is pollination. Fruit trees and plants produce flowers. Then, bees, bats, birds, and even the wind spread pollen from one flower to another.

Answer:

Fruits contain seeds and develop from the ovaries of flowering plants. The first step in making fruits is pollination. Fruit trees and plants produce flowers. Then, bees, bats, birds, and even the wind spread pollen from one flower to another.

Explanation:

When a solution containing strontium ions ([tex]Sr^{2+}[/tex]) is added to the Bunsen burner flame, it changes the color to red. Therefore, the answer is option A, red.

A Bunsen burner is a laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame, which is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion reactions. A Bunsen burner produces a clean blue flame when it is set to the right mixture of air and gas.

The color of a Bunsen burner flame is determined by the temperature of the flame and the chemicals being burned. The addition of chemicals to a Bunsen burner flame can cause it to change color.

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We need to add 5.61 ml of a 2.67 M stock solution dye to a 50 ml volumetric flask before filling the flask to the calibration mark.

This can be found using the formula of concentration and volume for dilution of solutions which is C1V1=C2V2.

Steps for finding the ml of a 2.67 M stock solution that should be added to a 50 ml volumetric flask before filling the flask to the calibration mark:

C1= is the initial concentration of the solution

V1 = is the initial volume of the solution

C2 = is the final concentration of the solution

V2 = is the final volume of the solution

Now, let's substitute the given values into the formula

Stock concentration : 2.67 M = C1

Final concentration : 0.30 M = C2

Final Volume : 50 ml = V2

Let V1 is the stock solution required

Therefore, 2.67 M * V1 = 0.30 M * 50 ml

2.67 M * V1 = 15 ml

V1 = 5.61 ml

Therefore, we need to add 5.61 ml of a 2.67 M stock solution to a 50 ml volumetric flask before filling the flask to the calibration mark to prepare a 0.30 M solution of food dye.

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The compound least soluble in water would be Option C, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2. When an ionic compound is added to water, it splits into cations and anions, which are surrounded by water molecules. When a solute dissolves in a solvent, the solvent's molecules surround the solute's molecules.

The solubility of compounds varies widely depending on their chemical structure. A compound with polar bonds is typically more soluble in polar solvents like water, while a compound with nonpolar bonds is typically more soluble in nonpolar solvents like oil.

Here are the options and their solubility characteristics:

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Net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs between aqueous solutions of potassium phosphate and aluminum chloride is Al3+(aq.) + PO43–(aq.) → AlPO4(s). So, option (b) is correct.

The net ionic equation is defined as the chemical equation that shows only those elements, compounds, and ions that are directly involved in the chemical reaction. Aqueous potassium phosphate reacts with aqueous aluminum chloride to form aqueous potassium chloride and solid aluminum phosphate. The balanced equation of the reaction between aqueous aluminum chloride and potassium phosphate to form aqueous potassium chloride and solid aluminum phosphate is,

K3PO4(aq.) + AlCl3(aq.) ---> 3 KCL (aq.) + AlPO4(s)

Net ionic equations must be balanced by both mass and charge that means we have to ensure that there are equal masses of each element on the product and reactant sides. Balancing the equation by charge means making sure that the overall charge is the same on both sides of the equation. Balancing the molecular equation properly the net ionic equation will end up being balanced by both mass and charge of the equation.

Al3+(aq.) + PO43–(aq.) → AlPO4(s)

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The molarity of the solution when  9.27 g of phosphoric acid is added to water which had a volume of 92.80 ml is 1.02 M.

The molarity of the solution containing 9.27 g of phosphoric acid in 92.80 ml of water can be calculated as follows

Mass of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) = 9.27 g

Volume of solution = 92.80 mL

Convert volume of the solution to litres = 92.80 mL / 1000 = 0.0928 L

The molar mass of H3PO4 is:

Molar mass of H = 1.0079 g/mol

Molar mass of P = 30.9738 g/mol

Molar mass of O = 15.9994 g/mol

So, the molecular mass of H3PO4 = 3 × 1.0079 + 1 × 30.9738 + 4 × 15.9994= 98.0 g/mol

Now, Molarity (M) of the solution can be calculated by the formula:

M = mass of solute ÷ molar mass of solute × volume of solution in litres

Putting the values of mass, molar mass and volume of the solution in the above formula, we get:

M = (9.27 g ÷ 98.0 g/mol) ÷ 0.0928 L= 1.02 M

The molarity of the solution is 1.02 M.

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For 80% of the reactant to break down, it will take 31.5 seconds on average.

One reactant decomposing into two or more products is known as a decomposition reaction. The all-inclusive formula AB A + B can be used to represent this.

It is possible to express the rate law for reactant A's breakdown as follows:  rate = k[A]

The integrated rate law for a first-order reaction is: ln([A]/[A]0) = -kt

When we enter this together with the supplied values into the integrated rate law, we obtain:

ln(0.20) = -0.0092 s⁻¹ * t

Solving for t, we get:

t = -ln(0.20) / 0.0092 s⁻¹

t = 31.5 seconds

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Answer:

174.94 sec

Explanation:

ln [A] = ln[A]o -kt

If 80% of the reactant has decomposed, that means that 20% of the reactant remain. Since the rate (k=.0092s^-1) has a unit of s^-1, 23 know its a first order, so we use:

ln [A] = ln[A]o -kt

ln (20) = ln (100) - (0.0092)t

ln(.2)/.0092 = t

174.94 sec = t

The equilibrium expression for the reaction 2Na₂O (s) ⇌ 4Na (l) + O₂ (g) is K = [Na]⁴[O₂].

The equilibrium expression expresses the ratio of the concentrations of the products to the concentrations of the reactants at equilibrium. In this case, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is 2Na₂O (s) ⇌ 4Na (l) + O₂ (g).

The equilibrium constant (K) is defined as the product of the concentrations of the products, each raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient, divided by the product of the concentrations of the reactants, each raised to the power of its stoichiometric coefficient. Based on the balanced equation, the equilibrium expression can be written as K = [Na]⁴[O₂].

It is important to note that the concentrations used in the equilibrium expression are always in the units of molarity (mol/L). Also, the equilibrium constant is temperature-dependent, meaning that it can change with changes in temperature, but remains constant at a particular temperature.

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Answer: 68.5826%

Explanation:

Answer:249.68 g/mol

Explanation:

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy from a fuel (such as hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (such as oxygen) into electrical energy, water, and heat.

What is Fuel?

Fuel is a material that is burned or processed to release energy in the form of heat or to produce work. Common examples of fuel include coal, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, and wood. The energy contained within the fuel is released through a chemical reaction, usually with oxygen, to produce heat, light, or other forms of energy. Fuel is used to power a wide range of machinery and devices, including vehicles, power plants, and heating systems.

The reactants (fuel and oxidizing agent) are supplied to the cell, where they undergo a chemical reaction in the presence of a catalyst, producing electricity and the byproduct water.

According to the law of conservation of mass, mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. In the case of a fuel cell, the mass of the reactants (fuel and oxidizing agent) is equal to the mass of the products (water) plus the mass of the electricity produced

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The polystyrene molecule with a molecular mass of 18,000 g/mol has approximately 173 monomer units.

A polystyrene molecule has a molar mass of 18,000 g/mol.

To calculate the number of monomer units (the degree of polymerization) for this molecule, we need to use the formula for calculating the degree of polymerization:

Degree of polymerization = (Molar mass of polymer) / (Molar mass of monomer)

For polystyrene, the monomer is styrene, which has a molar mass of 104 g/mol.

Using the above formula, we get:

Degree of polymerization = 18,000 g/mol ÷ 104 g/mol= 173.08

Therefore, the number of monomer units (the degree of polymerization) for this polystyrene molecule is approximately 173.

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To remove an amino group (-NH₂) from an amino acid and convert it to pyruvate or acetyl CoA, a process called deamination.

Deamination involves the removal of the amino group from the amino acid, resulting in the formation of ammonia (NH3) and a keto acid. Pyruvate is a keto acid, while acetyl CoA is derived from a keto acid through a further series of reactions.

There are two main pathways by which deamination can occur in the body: Transamination: In this pathway, the amino group is transferred from the amino acid to an alpha-keto acid, resulting in the formation of the new amino acid and the new keto acid. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is called transaminase or aminotransferase. Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), a derivative of vitamin B6, is a cofactor required for this reaction.

Oxidative deamination: In this pathway, the amino group is directly removed from the amino acid and transferred to a molecule of oxygen, resulting in the formation of ammonia and a keto acid. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is called deaminase, and it requires the presence of molecular oxygen.

Once the amino group has been removed from the amino acid, the resulting keto acid can be further metabolized to form pyruvate or acetyl CoA through a series of additional reactions in various metabolic pathways, depending on the specific amino acid and the conditions of the reaction.

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Answer:

To answer this question, we first need to write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium chloride:

Na2CO3 + CaCl2 → 2NaCl + CaCO3

From the equation, we see that 1 mole of sodium carbonate reacts with 1 mole of calcium chloride to produce 1 mole of calcium carbonate and 2 moles of sodium chloride.

Therefore, since we have an excess amount of calcium chloride, we can assume that all 5.32 moles of sodium carbonate react completely to produce 10.64 moles of sodium chloride.

So the answer is: 10.64 moles of salt (sodium chloride) are produced.

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Answer:

Only one, so option c

Explanation:

Because monoprotic as it says, had only one proton to lose giving it only one pka for example Hydrochloric Acid (H-Cl). unlike a diprotic acid which would have two pkas like carbonic acid for example (H2CO3).

There are approximately 6.02 x 10²³ atoms in 58.7 g of nickel.

The molar mass of nickel (Ni) is 58.69 g/mol.

Using the formula:

number of moles = mass / molar mass

we can calculate the number of moles of nickel in 58.7 g:

number of moles = 58.7 g / 58.69 g/mol

number of moles = 1.0006 mol

Since one mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of atoms (6.022 x 10²³), we can calculate the number of atoms of nickel in 1.0006 mol:

number of atoms = 1.0006 mol x 6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mol

number of atoms = 6.025 x 10²³ atoms

Therefore, there are approximately 6.025 x 10²³ atoms in 58.7 g of nickel

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When 259 ml of a 0.860 M NaCl solution is mixed with 552 ml of a 0.350 M NaCl solution, the concentration of NaCl will be 0.496 M.

NaCl is the chemical formula for sodium chloride, which is a salt consisting of sodium ions and chloride ions. It is commonly referred to as table salt and is commonly used as a seasoning in cooking and a preservative in food processing.

Concentration refers to the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution. It is generally measured in molarity (M), which is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The equation for calculating molarity is as follows:

Steps to find out the NaCl concentration:

Given that 259 ml of a 0.860 M NaCl solution is mixed with 552 ml of a 0.350 M NaCl solution.

First, find the moles of NaCl in the first solution (259 ml of 0.860 M NaCl).

0.860 M means there are 0.860 moles of NaCl for every liter of solution.

In 259 ml (0.259 L) of this solution, there will be:

moles of NaCl = 0.860 M × 0.259 L = 0.22294 mol NaCl

Next, find the moles of NaCl in the second solution (552 ml of 0.350 M NaCl).

0.350 M means there are 0.350 moles of NaCl for every liter of solution.

In 552 ml (0.552 L) of this solution, there will be:

moles of NaCl = 0.350 M × 0.552 L = 0.1932 mol NaCl

Total moles of NaCl in the final solution = 0.22294 mol + 0.1932 mol = 0.41614 mol NaCl

Finally, calculate the molarity of the final solution (which is the concentration of NaCl):

Molarity = moles of NaCl / liters of solutionThe total volume of the final solution is 259 ml + 552 ml = 811 ml or 0.811 L.

Molarity = 0.41614 mol / 0.811 L = 0.513 M NaCl

Therefore, when 259 ml of a 0.860 M NaCl solution is mixed with 552 ml of a 0.350 M NaCl solution, the concentration of NaCl will be 0.496 M.

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As an AI, I will provide the best answer based on the given question and I will not exceed 200 words.The magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by proton 2 is less than the force experienced by proton 1. The explanation for this statement is option (a) Proton 1 experiences the greater force because it moves at right angles to the magnetic field.What is the Magnetic Force?

The force that is exerted on a charged particle that is moving in a magnetic field is referred to as the magnetic force. When a particle moves in a magnetic field, it experiences a force. This is due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the moving charge. In order to understand the effect of a magnetic field on a moving charged particle, it is necessary to first understand the nature of a magnetic field. Magnetic fields are caused by the motion of charged particles. These fields are invisible, but they can be detected with the help of a magnet.The magnetic force on a charge particle is given by:F=qvBsinθwhere,F is the magnetic force q is the charge of the particlev is the velocity of the particleB is the strength of the magnetic fieldθ is the angle between the velocity of the particle and the direction of the magnetic field.When the particle is moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, the angle between the velocity of the particle and the direction of the magnetic field is 90 degrees. The force acting on the particle is then maximum. If the particle moves parallel to the magnetic field, the angle between the velocity of the particle and the direction of the magnetic field is 0 degrees. The force acting on the particle is then zero.The magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by proton 2 is less than the force experienced by proton 1. This is because proton 2 moves in the same direction as the magnetic field, whereas proton 1 moves at right angles to the magnetic field. When a charged particle moves in the same direction as the magnetic field, it experiences very little magnetic force. Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by proton 2 is less than the force experienced by proton 1.

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Linus pauling

1. In 1913, Niels Bohr proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom, based on quantum theory that some physical quantities only take discrete values. Electrons move around a nucleus, but only in prescribed orbits, and If electrons jump to a lower-energy orbit, the difference is sent out as radiation

3. J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode ray tubes showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons. Thomson proposed the plum pudding model of the atom, which had negatively-charged electrons embedded within a positively-charged "soup."

4. Ernest Rutherford found that the atom is mostly empty space, with nearly all of its mass concentrated in a tiny central nucleus. The nucleus is positively charged and surrounded at a great distance by the negatively charged electron

5. In 1932, Chadwick made a fundamental discovery in the domain of nuclear science: he proved the existence of neutrons – elementary particles devoid of any electrical charge.

Linus pauling was the only scientist not related to the development of the atomic theory.

During the 1930s Linus Pauling was among the pioneers who used quantum mechanics to understand and describe chemical bonding–that is, the way atoms join together to form molecules.