Using the Breguet range and endurance equation, estimate the amount of kerosene
fuel needed for an aircraft weighing 10 metric tons (this is the dry weight that
includes passengers and cargo) to fly from Boston to Los Angeles, assuming a
distance of 5,000 [km], flying at 300 [m/s].
Assume a lift-to-drag ratio of 15 - this is the ratio of lift force over drag force during
the cruise, the overall efficiency of 0.3, and about half of the standard air density at
an altitude of approximately 6,000 [m]. You can neglect the climb and descent
phases of the flight. The energy density of kerosene is provided in Module 9, section
3: "The Breguet range and endurance equation". Why is this a tricky calculation?

Answers

Answer 1

The amount of kerosene fuel needed for an aircraft weighing 10 metric tons to fly from Boston to Los Angeles, assuming a distance of 5,000 [km] is 10000 kg.

What is Breguet equation?

Breguet equation is used to determine the range of airplane fly in some specified set of parameters.

[tex]R=\dfrac{h_f}{g}\dfrac{L}{D}\times \eta \ln \left(\dfrac{W_{initial}}{W_{final}}\right)[/tex]

Here, (L/D) is lift to drag ratio, g is gravitation acceleration, h is height and W is weight.

The weight of aircraft is 10 metric tons (this is the dry weight that includes passengers and cargo)  The distance of 5,000 [km], with velocity at 300 [m/s]  from Boston to Los Angeles has to be cover by the airplane.

The initial weight is 10 metric tons or 10000 kg. Thus, the final weight with total fuel burn is,

[tex]W_{final}=W_{initial}-W_{fuel}\\W_{final}=1-\dfrac{W_{fule}}{W_{initial}}[/tex]

The lift-to-drag ratio is 15 and the overall efficiency is 0.3,  The standard air density at an altitude of approximately 6,000 [m] is half.

Thus, put the values, in above formula,

[tex]5000=\dfrac{6000}{9.81}(15)\times(0.3) \ln \left(\dfrac{10000}{1-\dfrac{W_{fuel}}{10000}}}\right)\\[/tex]

[tex]\ln \left(\dfrac{10000}{1-\dfrac{W_{fuel}}{10000}}}\right)=1.8167\\\ln \left(\dfrac{1}{10000-W_{fuel}}}\right)=1.8167[/tex]

Solving this equation, we get,

[tex]W_{fuel}=10000\rm\; kg\\[/tex]

Thus, the amount of kerosene fuel needed for an aircraft weighing 10 metric tons to fly from Boston to Los Angeles, assuming a distance of 5,000 [km] is 10000 kg.

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Related Questions

What were the trade-offs and opportunity costs of one of Teasha’s economic decisions?

Answers

Answer:

Opportunity cost she loses the chance to get the degree. The trade- off is she gets to start a business.

Explanation:

Which - type of service shop is least likely to provide service to all
makes and models of vehicles?
of
Select one:
A. Chain store
B. Tire store
C. Independent repair shop
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

Answers

E. None of the above

function of oil seal and sealant.​

Answers

Oil seals are used to protect shafts and bearings from ingress of dirt and foreign matter and egress of oil or grease. An oil seal generally consists of an outer circular metal part and an inner flexible member that does the actual sealing and is bonded to the metal part by chemical adhesive agents.

Answer:

oil seals function is To act as a physical barrier retaining the lubricating oil where it is bound to be.

Sealants function is to Fill a gap between two or more substrates .

Explanation:

A _____________ is a system that uses vertical posts which are separated to support a horizontal beam.

Answers

Post and lentil is the system

MARKING BRAINLIEST
What is a good prototype plan?

Answers

Answer:

The plan is to make your design on AutoCAD and then make technical drawings. Print those technical drawings out with a scale of 1:1 and use those to trace over wood or metal.

Explanation:

Answer:

Make your design, make technical drawings, 3D print or trace

Explanation:

What is the rate at which electrical energy is being dissipated by the resistance of the loop?.

Answers

Answer: see attached files

Technician A states that the wider the gap on an A/C clutch, the greater the electrical resistance measurement is observed when checking the windings. Technician B states that a wide clutch gap causes the compressor to remain engaged. Who is correct

Answers

Technician B is correct because it's true that a wide clutch gap in an A/C clutch would cause the compressor to remain engaged.

What is an A/C clutch?

An A/C clutch can be defined as a mechanical device that is designed and developed for the conversion of energy generated by the engine and delivers it to the compressor.

For instance, when an air conditioner (A/C) is turned on, the clutch becomes engaged and it begins to spin rapidly and constantly, so as to transfer power to the air conditioner (A/C).

In conclusion, technician B is correct while technician A is wrong because it's true that a wide clutch gap in an A/C clutch would cause the compressor to remain engaged.

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Masking decisions are made when developing a refinishing plan.

True

O False

Table of Contents

Answers

Masking decisions are made when developing a refinishing plan: True.

What is a refinishing plan?

A refinishing plan can be defined as a process through which automobile vehicles or other mobile equipment are coated with a paint and masking tape during repair, so as to beautify them and give it a new look.

This ultimately implies that, masking decisions are made by an engineer when developing a refinishing plan.

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When thrust faults occur, the region undergoing stress is subject to: Group of answer choices compression tension shearing No answer text provided.

Answers

When thrust faults occur, the region undergoing stress is subject to compression stress.

What is compression stress?

Compressive stress is a force that causes a substance to deform in order to take up less space.

When thrust faults occur, the region undergoing stress is subject to compression stress. A substance is said to be under compression when it is subjected to compressive stress.

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Question 1 of 10
Which type of cloud is made up of both liquid water droplets and ice crystals?
• A. Cirrostratus
• B. Stratus
• C. Cirrus
• D. Cumulonimbus
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

[D] Cumulonimbus

Explanation:

When the top of a cumulus reaches above, the water droplets are transformed into ice crystals and it loses its clear, sharp outline. It transformed into ice crystals because when it reaches it height the place is cold. As well as at this stage the cloud has become a cumulonimbus. And thus, the type of cloud is made up of both Liquid water droplets and ice crystals are called Cumulonimbus.

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Kavinsky

Answer:

D. Cumulonimbus

Explanation:

A hydroelectric dam contains all of the following EXCEPT ________. rotors generators turbines a combustion chamber magnets

Answers

A hydroelectric dam contains rotors, generators, turbines, and magnets; EXCEPT a combustion chamber.

What is a hydroelectric Dam?

A hydroelectric dam is a key component of any hydroelectric facility. A typical dam stores water behind it in a man-made lake or reservoir. When water is released through the dam, it drives a turbine, which is linked to a generator, which generates power.

A hydroelectric dam contains the following components rotors, generators, turbines, and magnets. But it does not contain a combustion chamber.

Hence, A hydroelectric dam contains rotors, generators, turbines, and magnets; EXCEPT a combustion chamber.

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3. All companies, small or large, are required to have a written fire prevention plan.
A) O True
B)O False

Answers

Answer:

A) True

Explanation:

Answer:

A. true

Explanation:

cause if they dont they could possibly get sgut down for safety hazards and violations of its' employee. And there could be a asccident because there was no safety.

What kind of situations breaks the causal link?

Answers

Answer:A novus actus

Which explanation best summarizes what went wrong during Paul’s cost analysis?


Paul is developing a new automobile. His cost analysis took into consideration the costs of materials, insurance, and labor. Suddenly, unanticipated bills have begun coming in, putting his project far over budget.


He forgot to include direct costs such as advertising, legal fees, and repairs.


He forgot to include circumstances such as employee vacations and faulty materials.


He forgot to include indirect costs such as advertising, legal fees, and repairs.


He forgot to include circumstances such as attrition and failure of delivery of materials

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is He forgot to include indirect costs such as advertising, legal fees, and repairs.

Explanation:

Write an Essay describing in your own words, the two-way Communication Cycle naming all the stages and explaining what goes on at each stage. Illustrate any two barriers that may occur at each of the stages. A correctly labelled diagram is essential for your essay.​

Answers

n

e

g

r

o

means black in spanish!

15- Vipsana's Gyros House sells gyros. The cost of ingredients (pita, meat, spices, etc.) to make a gyro is $2.00. Vipsana pays her employee $60 per day. She also incurs a fixed cost of $120 per day. Calculate Vipsana's variable cost per day when she produces 50 gyros using two workers?
A) $100
B) $124.40
C) $220
D) $240

Answers

D is a great answer

Using a definition of the limit of function, prove that the following functions are continuous
at = 0:
) () = 1 − 2 + 52, 0 = 1

Answers

Answer:

... you gotta do divson?

Explanation:

The concept that states the equivalency of two voltage sources means that for any given load resistance connected to the two sources, the same load voltage and load current are produced by both sources is called:

Answers

Answer:

Terminal equivalency

Explanation:

10.9 Determine the critical load of a round wooden dowel that is 0.9 m long and has a diameter of (a) 10 mm, (b) 15 mm. Use E

Answers

these categories

THE NATURE OF MATERIALS

Review Questions

2.1

The elements listed in the Periodic Table can be divided into three categories. What are these categories and give an example of each?

Answer

. The three types of elements are metals (e.g., aluminum), nonmetals (e.g., oxygen), and semimetals

A compressible clay layer has a thickness of 3.8 m. After 1.5 yr, when the clay is 50% consolidated, 7.3 cm of settlement has occurred. For a similar clay and loading conditions, how much settlement would occur at the end of 1.5 yr and 5 yr if the thickness of this new layer were 38 m

Answers

The amount of settlement that would occur at the end of 1.5 year and 5 year are 7.3 cm and 13.14 cm respectively.

How to determine the amount of settlement?

For a layer of 3.8 m thickness, we were given the following parameters:

U = 50% = 0.5.Sc = 7.3 cm.

For Sf, we have:

Sf = Sc/U

Sf = 7.3/0.5

Sf = 14.6

Therefore, Sf for a layer of 38 m thickness is given by:

Sf = 14.6 × 38/3.8

Sf = 146 cm.

At 50%, the time for a layer of 3.8 m thickness is:

[tex]t_{50}[/tex] = 1.5 year.

At 50%, the time for a layer of 38 m thickness is:

[tex]t_{50}[/tex] = 1.5 × (38/3.8)²

[tex]t_{50}[/tex] = 150 years.

For a thickness of 38 m, U₂ is given by:

[tex]\frac{U_1^2}{U_2^2} =\frac{(T_v)_1}{(T_v)_2} = \frac{t_1}{t_2} \\\\U_2^2 = U_1^2 \times [\frac{t_2}{t_1} ]\\\\U_2^2 = 0.5^2 \times [\frac{1.5}{150} ]\\\\U_2^2 = 0.25 \times 0.01\\\\U_2=\sqrt{0.0025} \\\\U_2=0.05[/tex]

The new settlement after 1.5 year is:

Sc = U₂Sf

Sc = 0.05 × 146

Sc = 7.3 cm.

For time, t₂ = 5 year:

[tex]U_2^2 = U_1^2 \times [\frac{t_2}{t_1} ]\\\\U_2^2 = 0.5^2 \times [\frac{5}{150} ]\\\\U_2^2 = 0.25 \times 0.03\\\\U_2=\sqrt{0.0075} \\\\U_2=0.09[/tex]

The new settlement after 5 year is:

Sc = U₂Sf

Sc = 0.09 × 146

Sc = 13.14 cm.

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Use g = 9.8m/s2 and calculate the weight of 3 bricks of butter having a mass of half a kilo each​

Answers

Answer:

This article deals with weight formula and its derivation. Weight refers to the force which acts on a body or object due to the effect of gravity. So, when an individual stands on a scale, the reading that appears is the weight. The more an individual weighs consequently means a higher reading on the scale. When an individual loses weight, he should think of it as lessening one’s force on the Earth due to gravity.

weight formula

What is Weight?

Simply speaking, weight refers to the force of gravity. Weight is certainly a force that acts on all bodies or objects at all times near a heavenly body such as the Earth. The Earth pulls all objects downward towards the center with a force of gravity. One can find the magnitude of the force of gravity by multiplying the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity by the mass of the particular object.

Some books describe weight as a scalar quantity, the magnitude of the gravitational force. In contrast, some books refer to weight as a vector quantity, the gravitational force which acts on the object. Moreover, some experts explain weight as referring to the magnitude of the reaction force which is exerted on a body by various mechanisms. Also, these mechanisms keep the body in place.

The unit of measurement for weight is certainly that of force. This unit in the International System of Unit (SI) is the newton. The object with a mass of 1 kilogram would weigh about 9.8 Newtons on the Earth’s surface. Furthermore, it would weigh about one-sixth as much on the moon.

Weight Formula

The weight of an object or body certainly depends on the mass of the object and the gravity acting on it. This is why, the weight is different from mass. The mass of an object would be same whether on the Earth or on the Moon. The weight of an object due to the influence of gravity would be different on the Earth than on the Moon. The weight formula can be explained as follows:

Weight = mass × gravity

The formula for this is:

w = mg

Here we have,

w = weight

m = mass

g = gravity

Explanation:

The uniform girder AB has a mass of 8 Mg. Determine the internal axial, shear, and bending-moment loadings at the center of the girder if a crane gives it an upward acceleration of 3 m>s2.

Answers

Answer:

Girder:

+↑ΣFy=may; 2Tsin⁡60°−8000(9.81) = 8000 (3)   T= 59166.86N ↑ΣFy=may ;\quad \quad \quad 2T \sin { 60° }- 8000(9.81) = 8000(3)\\ T = 59 166.86 N+↑ΣFy​=may​;2Tsin60°−8000(9.81)=8000(3)T=59166.86N

Segment:

→+ΣFx=max;59166.86cos⁡60°−N=0N=29.6kN+↑ΣFy=may;59166.86sin⁡60°−4000(9.81)+V=4000(3)V=0↪+ΣMC=Σ(Mk)C;M+4000(9.81)(1)–59166.86sin⁡60°(2)=–4000(3)(1)M=51.2kN⋅m\overset { + }{ \rightarrow } \Sigma { F }_{ x }=ma_{ x };\quad \quad \quad 59166.86\cos { 60° } -N=0\\ N = 29.6 kN\\ +\uparrow \Sigma { F }_{ y }=ma_{ y };\quad \quad \quad 59 166.86 \sin { 60° }- 4000(9.81) + V = 4000(3)\\ V = 0\\ \hookrightarrow +\Sigma { M }_{ C }=\Sigma ({ M }_{ k })_{ C };\quad \quad M + 4000(9.81)(1) – 59 166.86 \sin { 60° }(2) = – 4000(3)(1)\\ M = 51.2 kN \cdot m→+ΣFx​=max​;59166.86cos60°−N=0N=29.6kN+↑ΣFy​=may​;59166.86sin60°−4000(9.81)+V=4000(3)V=0↪+ΣMC​=Σ(Mk​)C​;M+4000(9.81)(1)–59166.86sin60°(2)=–4000(3)(1)M=51.2kN⋅m

Explanation:

We know that Newtow Third's Law is F=ma, so we can solve for the tension on the side with that and the acceleration given in the y.

After that depending on which section of girder you chose there is a shear force and a normal force as well as a moment on the inside of it, meaning the middle of it, since is uniformly distributed, breaking down on the left the shear force is usually up, and the normal to the right, the moment counterclockwise, so from then is just a matter of doing the sumation of forces on the y and x and the summation of the moments, just remember to account for now being half of the total mass, we still have acceleration on the y, so the summation of moments will equal summation of kinetic moments, where we take into account every force that is trying to make it move, in this case, half the mass of the grinder and the acceleration going up, hope it helps you.

A firm is considering investing in a new piece of material handling equipment that should save on the current annual labor cost of moving the materials by hand. The device costs $750 can be expected to result in $500 annual savings for years 1, 2, and 3; then, it will have worn out and have to be replaced. Assume the interest rate that determines time value of money for this firm is 7%


Required:

a. What is the payback period for the expenditure of the $1000?

b. Calculate the present worth (PW) of the three years of savings, assuming the savings occur at the end of each year of ownership.

c. Calculate the net present worth (NPW) of the investment.

d. Based on your answers to į and iii, should the firm invest in the equipment?

Answers

Answer:

current sales are 15 millon

Explanation:

What is the importance of the causal link
in work accidents?

Answers

Causal link is very important to know the correlation between a cause and an outcome of a workplace accident which is useful for social insurance cover.

Understanding work accidents?

In work accidents, there is the need for evaluation criteria and injury determination. Now, this is where causal link comes in because we'll need to know whether the damage is a permanent disability or not.

Now, causal link is important because it helps us to know the correlation between a cause and an outcome of a workplace accident and whether it was intentional or caused by other factors. This is very important because of social insurance cover.

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Choose the statement that correctly describes the circuit below. image is not found a. The above circuit is invalid because nMOS and pMOS transistors cannot be used in the same circuit. b. The circuit is composed of 1 pMOS and 2 nMOS transistors. c. If control input a

Answers

The statement that correctly describes the circuit is the circuit provided is an example of a CMOS circuit.

What is a CMOS circuit?

The CMOS circuit is a term that is often known as "Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor."

This is known to be a machine that create integrated circuits and it is one that is often seen a a lot of electronic component and as such, the the circuit provided is an example of a CMOS circuit.

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Mixing ratio, relative humidity, and dew-point temperature are all ways of measuring the amount of ________ in the air.

Answers

Speed or density is the answer I think

A retail business, owned by share holders and having centralized decision making for their multiple store locations is called:

Answers

the answer is home depot because it’s affordable

Reason for IEE regulations in electrical installation

Answers

Answer:

Because doing electrical installations without regulations can lead to substandard work that can kill people and destroy property.

Explanation:

Prior to leaving Ohio, I was, for many years, a Certified Fire Safety Inspector. The prevention side of my job involved inspecting structures - houses, churches, schools, commercial, industrial, etc. - for compliance with fire safety regulations. I was required to have a working knowledge of the National Electrical Code, as well as most other building codes, so that I could identify conditions that could cause people to get hurt or buildings to catch fire.

The electrical code was considered to be a compilation of “best practices” for the installation of electrical systems in a structure. In many instances these “practices” were developed as a result of prior unsafe practices leading to fires and/or loss of life. Sort of - opps, we mustn’t do that again! The standards published concerning a wide range of electrical systems and devices, if followed, will make the installation as safe as the current state-of-the-art permits. Failure to follow the relevant codes can destroy a builder’s or an electrician’s defense in court if something bad happens.

As an example: 165 people died at the Beverly Hills Supper Club in Soulgate, KY, on May 28th 1977. The fire appeared to have started by improper electrical wiring. After the fire, numerous electrical code violations, as well as numerous building code violations were found. You wouldn’t want to be the owner of something like that.

Several new laws were passed as a result of this fire -no more aluminum wiring in commercial buildings, exit lighting required, automatic fire alarm systems, automatic sprinkler systems required, etc. The updates made to electrical and building codes made later buildings much safer.

As written, the IEEE codes are not law - after all the IEEE is an association, not a legislature; however, many of the standards they set forth are referenced specifically or by inclusion in formal codes approved by legislative bodies and made into law - The Ohio Fire Code, for example references the National Electrical Code. An inspector noting violations of such codes when they are given legal recognition by the State can issue orders to have violations corrected and can also issue citations which can lead to court appearances and monetary fines levied against the building’s management.

Codes are updated with regularity. In general, a change to the code does not require a change to an existing structure. However, if a structure undergoes renovation then there is a point at which the building must be brought up to meet the present code standards. There are exceptions. Much time, effort , and money has been expended to remove asbestos from existing structures even where no renovation to the structure was even being planned. Exit doors opening to the public way now need automatic EXIT lighting and many older buildings were retrofit with exit lighting as a result in code updates.

Codes are for a reason. They are devised by the collective thinking and experience of people who are experts - or at least experienced - in their field. And they are intended to protect YOU!

When rolling two dice, the probability of rolling doubles is 1/6. Suppose that a game player rolls the dice five times, hoping to roll doubles. What is the probability the player gets doubles less than three times in 5 attempts?

Answers

The probability that the player gets doubles less than three times in 5 attempts is; 0.9645.

How to solve Binomial Probability?

The formula for binomial probability distribution is;

P(X = x) = ⁿCₓ × pˣ × (1 - p)⁽ⁿ ⁻ ˣ⁾

where;

x = total number of successes

p = probability of a success on an individual trial

n = number of trials

We are given;

x = 3

p = 1/6 = 0.1667

n = 5

Thus;

P(X < 3) = (⁵C₂ * 0.1667 * (1 - 0.1667)⁽⁵ ⁻ ²⁾) + (⁵C₁ * 0.1667 * (1 - 0.1667)⁽⁵ ⁻ ¹⁾) +  (⁵C₀ * 0.1667 * (1 - 0.1667)⁽⁵ ⁻ ⁰⁾)

Thus;

P(X < 3) = 0.9645

Thus, the probability that the player gets doubles less than three times in 5 attempts is 0.9645.

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In a pulley you pull more rope so that you use ___ effort.

Answers

Answer: D i just got off this question

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What is the difference between a strong alkali and a weak alkali? Which activity is directly regulated by neurons? Do you find Legrains arguments and examples compel-ling? Could cultural exchanges such as those detailed in Legrains article be more complicated or problematic than Legrain proposed? Consider how other cultural productsperhaps those from Africa or Asiamight either uphold or undermine Legrains thesis on globalization. Suppose that $3^a = 2$ and $3^b = 5$. If \[3^x = 150,\]then write an expression for $x$ in terms of $a$ and $b$. Que relaciones tiene el poema hay un pas en el mundo con el espacio geogrfico de republica dominicana Find the surface area of a box that is 14 inches deep, and 7 inches tall and 7 inches wide Find the SURFACE AREA of the shape below. Please help!!!!!!!!!!A driver is suspected of driving under the influence and is pulled over by a cop. The cop administers several field sobriety tests including the horizontal gaze test, the walk-and-turn test, and the one-leg stand test. He also administered a breathalyzer test. Which test is most conclusive?A) walk-and-turn testB) horizontal gaze testC) breathalyzer testD) one-leg stand test Find an equation for the graph The length of a rectangle is five more than double the width. If the perimeter is 100 inches, find the dimensions.width?length? 3. Name four things in the first quatrain that make some people happy. Refer to your Who is Sonia Sotomayor? book for a complete version of this text.Part AWhere can readers find more information about the help Sonia receives to attend college?the map in Chapter 2a text box in Chapter 3the Timeline of Sonia Sotomayors Lifean illustration in Chapter 3Question 2Part BHow does the feature identified in Part A contribute to readers understanding of the topic?It portrays how welcoming the Princeton campus is to students and faculty who work there.It shows how convenient the location of the campus is to where Sonias family lives.It lists the steps students must take and the recommendations they need to go to Princeton.It describes a program designed to ensure minorities like Sonia have equal access to education. What is the solution set for - 4x - 10 less than or equal to 2?A x less than or equal to - 3 B x greater than or equal to - 3C x less than or equal to 2D x greater than or equal to 2 ____________________ is the use of an algorithm to scramble data into a format that can be read only by reversing the algorithm. What problems did bill Clinton have to overcome? The dot plot shows the mass, in grams, of several substances in an experiment.How many substances has their mass recorded during the experiment?Enter the answer in the box. substancesA number line ranging from 60 to 68 with four dots over 64, one dot over 65, two dots over 66, two dots over 67, and four dots over 68. 8 + 40 + 200 + ... + 15625000Sum of a finite geometric series:Sn=a1-a1r / 1-r The dance committee hired DJ Emanuel for the falldance. DJ Emanuel charges $I25 per hour plus $55 foran assistant. The committee wants to keep the totalcost under $600. What is the maximum number ofhours that DJ Emanuel can play at the dance?I need the inequality, inequality answer, final answer Which president declared that the United States would land on the moon by the end of the decade? how many new plants did lewis and clark describe in their journals?