You have recently identified a new toxin. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. You also discover that it targets liver cells. Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin

Answers

Answer 1

Based on the characteristics above, this toxin can be categorized as EXOTOXIN. These toxins (exotoxins) are produced by different types of bacteria.

Exotoxins are a broad category of proteins produced by bacteria that enter host cells in order to alter their physiological properties.

These toxins (exotoxins) can be secreted by Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria.

Examples of exotoxins include botulinum toxin secreted by Clostridium botulinum bacteria, tetanospasmin toxin secreted by Clostridium tetani bacteria, etc.

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Related Questions

Maya Is a carrier for albinism, a recessive tralt that results in the absence of the skin plgment melanin In halr and
eyes. She marries Jack, and they have four children: Zach, Olivia, Sophla, and Veronica. Veronica expresses the
tralt for albinism, but her three siblings are unaffected by the recessive tralt.
Draw a pedigree that Illustrates the famlly's tralts, and upload your pedigree.

Answers

Answer:

hereditary

Explanation:

if Maya tralt if albinism is recessive, then definitely the tralt for Jack is dominant

Which process occurs directly after meiosis II?
DNA replication
reproduction
cell differentiation
mitosis
1

Answers

DNA replication
Because it is

Answer:

It's cell differitiation

Explanation: I took the test and got it right trust me.

PLZ HELP ASAP(giving 80 points):
2. Write a micro-theme(short paragraph 100-300 words) using and explaining the following terms.
a. "Survival of the fittest"
b. Adaptation
c. Evolution

Answers

Answer:

The process through which creatures evolve is known as evolution. Mutations cause genetic variety throughout populations, and the ecosystem works with this diversity to select people who are most suited to their surroundings. Eventually, a species can develop into a plethora of others; as a theory suggests that sapiens started as monkeys but evolved into the humanoid beings that we are today. In biology, adaptation is the procedure where a species fits to its habitat; it is the outcome of natural selection acting on hereditary diversity over numerous generations. Survival the fittest is a saying that suggests the fittest survive, not the weak. This is commonly seen in everyday life, whether with humans, animals, plants, it holds the same meaning. An example would be that a person in better physical and mental health would go farther and live longer than one with weak physical and mental health.

The concept of "survival of the fittest" is a key tenet of evolution, which refers to the idea that individuals with traits that provide them with a competitive advantage in their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than those without these traits. This process of natural selection leads to the gradual accumulation of beneficial traits in a population, resulting in adaptation and evolution over time.

What is adaptation?

Adaptation refers to the process by which organisms develop characteristics that allow them to better survive and reproduce in their environment, such as camouflage or the ability to digest new types of food.

Evolution refers to the broader process of change over time in a population's genetic makeup and physical characteristics, resulting from the interaction between genetic variation, natural selection, and other factors. Together, these concepts help explain how organisms are able to adapt and change over time, resulting in the diversity of life that we see today.

The study of evolution has important implications for understanding the history and development of life on Earth, as well as for addressing modern challenges such as biodiversity loss and climate change.

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what will happen to a population of organisms that are in an environment with little to no oxygen? ​

Answers

Answer: They would either die or have to adapt to their new very harsh conditions. The population might greatly decrease as well.

Explanation:


Microorganisms often lead to infection because they-

Answers

Hi!

Infection occurs when viruses, bacteria, or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply. Disease, which typically happens in a small proportion of infected people, occurs when the cells in your body are damaged as a result of infection, and signs and symptoms of an illness appear.

HELPPPP!!!

Describe an example of how island biogeography principles were used to explain biodiversity changes in areas that were not specifically islands.

Answers

Answer:

How Biogeography Affects Biodiversity

Alfred Russel Wallace, Father of Biogeography

Figure 1: Alfred Russel Wallace, Father of Biogeography

Some places contain more species than others. For example, Antarctica has fewer species than a temperate deciduous forest, which in turn has fewer species a tropical rainforest. For over 150 years, researchers have sought to make sense of the gross and fine scale spatial patterns in biodiversity, and to elucidate both the proximate and ultimate causes for these patterns.

This article describes some of the major geographic patterns in species richness, and the processes and theories that are thought to account for these patterns. Much of this knowledge has emerged from the tremendous body of work from one scientist, Alfred Russel Wallace (Figure 1), widely regarded as the “Father of Biogeography.” Aside from co-originating the process of Natural Selection with Charles Darwin, Wallace spent extended periods studying the distribution and diversity of plants and animals in Amazonia and Southeast Asia in the mid 1800s. Many of the patterns and processes featured in this article were initially described by Wallace, and careful study of his work indicates that his ideas presaged many of the discoveries made by his numerous successors.

Many of the spatial patterns in biodiversity are overt, others are subtle and yet additional patterns remain undetected. While the existence of these patterns may be obvious — and changes in the environment that are paired with these patterns may also be obvious — the mechanisms that cause the differences in biodiversity along environmental gradients are under still the subject of scientific debate. Because large-scale patterns are the emergent result of complex interactions at many spatial and temporal scales, no single answer is likely to ever emerge, but with continued research our understanding of the processes shaping these patterns increases.

Historical Processes Affecting Biogeography

Darwin's finches of the Galapagos Islands are a classic example of adaptive radiation.

Figure 2: Darwin's finches of the Galapagos Islands are a classic example of adaptive radiation.

All species occurring in at a given place and time either arrived from another place or originated in that location from ancestral species. This fact applies to extinct species that were ancestors of all extant species. Species richness in a given location is the result of three factors — the rate of speciation, the rate of extinction, and the dispersal of species from other locations. In principle, if biogeographers could understand how the current and past environment has shaped these three factors, we would then obtain a comprehensive understanding of what generates all biogeographic patterns of species richness. However, numerous environmental and organismal parameters can drive these historical factors, in both complex and interacting fashions.

help with biology please!

Answers

Yes each type of DNA contrast the same 4 bases!!!!!



bio




what’s the answer??




will give brainliest to correct answerer


Answers

Number 2 one I think its correct


There are 18 daisies in a 0.25 m² area. How many daisies might there be in a 1.0 m² area?

Answers

Answer:

72

Explanation:

0.25 X4 =1.0 so

18x4=72

name the organelles that perform each of the following functions

Answers

Answer:

Please give more context.

Explanation:

Question 4 of 25

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

A. Cellular respiration is the process animals use to produce glucose, while photosynthesis is the process plants use to produce glucose

B. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration

C. Photosynthesis produces water molecules, while cellular respiration splits water molecules apart.

D. Cellular respiration provides the energy for photosynthesis.​

Answers

Answer:

B. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.

Answer: I think its B.

In bakery when _______ is added to the dough for preparing bread, the dough rises f

Answers

Answer:

it is Yeast, yeast makes it rise

if you were a monkey what would you do?

Answers

If i was a Monkey i would relax

and do monky things

Monkeys better than humans

In multicellular organisms, cells working together and performing similar functions are called...

Question 9 options:

organ systems.


organisms


tissues


organs

Answers

Answer:

tissues

Explanation:

When Mendel conducted his pea plant genetic experiments, he found that the first generation (F1) of offspring were all true purple plants, but the second generation (F2) contained some white flowers. How did this refute another theory of inheritance based on the idea that traits in offspring were an equal mix of the traits of their parents?

Answers

you can get the link from here of this answer

www. lsttrio. com

The weather forecaster predicts a high temperature today of 86 °F. What will the temperature be in Celsius?
SELECT AN ANSWER

A- 97.2 ˚C

B- 359 ˚C

C- 30 ˚C

D- 65.6 ˚C

Answers

the answer is C which is 30°C

erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the _______________ to increase the rate of production and maturation of erythrocyte progenitor and erythroblast cells.

Answers

Answer: Kidneys

Explanation:

Both the kidneys and the liver produce erythropoietin. If only one answer is allowed, I would choose kidney because it produces nearly 85 percent of it.

someone help me with this !!!!

Answers

Answer:  

For structural support: Nucleic acid.

For energy storage: Lipids or Carbohydrates. ( I'm kinda confused with this one since both do the job )

For membrane and barrier formation:  Lipids or Carbohydrates.  ( I'm kinda confused with this one since both do the job )

For Catalyst and biological formation: Protine

For Genetic information storage: Nucleic acid.

For Chemical signaling: Lipid.

11. Write the complementary sequence to following DNA strand:
A A T T C G C C G GT ATT A G A C GTT

Answers

Answer: T T A A G C G G C CA TAA T C T G CTT

Explanation: The A's always pair with T's.    The G's always pair with C's.

A block of wood has a mass of 120 g
and a volume of 200 cm3. What is the density of
the wood?

Answers

Answer:

0.6 cm3

Explanation:

D=mass/volume

D=120g/200 cm3

D=0.6 cm3

What molecule, located in the nucleus, is composed of two strands forming a double helix, and what is its function?
O It is a protein, and it catalyzes cellular reactions.
O It is a carbohydrate, and it is a source of cellular energy.
O It is DNA, and it stores the genetic information of cells.
It is RNA, and it is directly involved in the synthesis of proteins.
on

Answers

DNA because DNA always has a double helix

QUESTION: List three ways that scientists’ understanding of cells has improved our lives.
ANSWER:

Answers

Answer:

By understanding how cells function in healthy and diseased states, cell biologists from the medical, animal and plant sciences will be able to develop new vaccines, medicines and more effective plants with improved properties and, through increased knowledge, a better understanding of the way of life of all living things.

Explanation:

The illustration shows a number of changes occurring. What is a chemical change

Answers

Answer:

A PHYSICAL CHANGE is a transformation in which the nature of matter does not change. state changes. State changes are physical changes

Explanation:

Los cambios químicos suponen la desaparición de una sustancia para dar paso a la aparición de una nueva. ... Algunos ejemplos de propiedades químicas de la materia son acidez, poder oxidante, combustibilidad, esterificación, fermentación, hidrólisis, putrefacción, saponificación, etc.

please give me crown

What is the difference between "growth and development" and "evolution"

Answers

Answer:

What's the difference between growth and development and evolution?

is that growth is an increase in size, number, value, or strength while evolution is (general) gradual directional change especially one leading to a more advanced or complex form; growth; development.

Explanation:

Hope this helps.

Which of the following is not true during crossing over?

Answers

chiasmata are formed

what products are produced from the combustion of coal?

Answers

Answer:

fly ash, bottom ash, and flue-gas desulfurization gypsum

Explanation:

hope it helps

Which molecule supplies chlorophyll with electrons

Answers

In light reactions, a molecule of chlorophyll absorbs one photon of light, causing a chlorophyll electron to transfer to a higher energy level. The energized electrons from the chlorophyll molecules flow down a transportation chain to a compound called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate or NADP.

▪▪▪Cutest Ghost▪▪▪

Water is the molecule that supplies chlorophyll with electrons.

What happens during photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar) and other carbohydrates. This process also produces oxygen as a byproduct.

During the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atoms are then used to generate ATP and NADPH, which are used to power the process of carbon fixation. The oxygen atoms are released as a byproduct of water splitting and become a part of the oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere.

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a green plant which makes food using light energy water and carbon dioxide during the process of photosynthesis​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Plants are autotrophs, which means they produce their own food. They use the process of photosynthesis to transform water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen, and simple sugars that the plant uses as fuel.

Answer:

Autotrophs!

Explanation:

Autotrophs are plants that have chlorophyll, which is a green pigment found in plants. These plants do all the things in your question!

which is not part of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

Answers

Answer:Which is not part of the conducting portion of the respiratory system? The epithelial lining of the oropharynx and the superior larynx (vocal cords) is nonkeratinized stratified squamous. In general, respiratory zone structures are lined with a thicker mucosa than conducting zone structures.

Explanation:

brainliest pls

The part that is not the conducting portion of the respiratory system is the alveoli, which is in option D, as this is not a part of the conducting portion but a part of the respiratory system. So, option d is correct.

The alveoli are small, thin-walled sacs located at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs. They are responsible for gas exchange, where oxygen is taken up from the inhaled air and carbon dioxide is released into the exhaled air. While the alveoli are an essential part of the respiratory system, they are not considered part of the conducting portion. Instead, they are part of the respiratory portion, where gas exchange occurs.  So, option d is correct.

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complete question is below

which is not part of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

A.heart

B.eye

C.skin

D.alveoli

I need help
please ASAP ​

Answers

Integumentary System - Hair loss.
Digestive System - Vomiting.
Circulatory System - Anaemia.
Immune System - Increased susceptibility to infections.

I apologise if this is too late.
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